Translation efficiency driven by CNOT3 subunit of the CCR4-NOT complex promotes leukemogenesis.

Protein synthesis is frequently deregulated during tumorigenesis. However, the precise contexts of selective translational control and the regulators of such mechanisms in cancer is poorly understood. Here, we uncovered CNOT3, a subunit of the CCR4-NOT complex, as an essential modulator of translation in myeloid leukemia.

Multi-omics analysis reveals genes and metabolites involved in biofilm formation.

Bacterial biofilm is an emerging form of life that involves cell populations living embedded in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Currently, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of biofilm formation. We used the biofilm fermentation system to preparation of biofilms on wheat fibers, and multi-omics analysis of both biofilms and planktonic cells were performed to identify genes and metabolites involved in biofilm formation.

RNA modifications in hematological malignancies.

RNA modifications play an important role in various cancers including blood cancers by controlling gene expression programs critical for survival, proliferation and differentiation of cancer cells. While hundreds of RNA modifications have been identified, many have not been functionally characterized. With development of enabling technologies to identify and map RNA modifications, tremendous advancement has been made in our understanding of the biological functions of these molecular markers in diverse cellular contexts.

Specific Strains of Ameliorate Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice in Association with Gut Microbiota Regulation.

Evidence linking abundance to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is accumulating; however, the causal relationship remains obscure. In this study, 12 strains were orally administered to high fat diet fed C57BL/6J mice for 12 weeks to evaluate the protective effects of on NAFLD. We found that five strains, A2-165, LB8, ZF21, PL45, and LC49, significantly restored serum lipid profiles and ameliorated glucose intolerance, adipose tissue dysfunction, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in a mouse model of NAFLD.

Gene-trait matching analysis reveals putative genes involved in Bifidobacterium spp. biofilm formation.

Biofilm formation by bacteria represents an adaptation strategy to the environment, and some special genes may lead to a strong biofilm phenotype. In this study, we attempted to find functional genes associated with bifidobacterial biofilm formation. Firstly, we evaluated the biofilm formation ability of bifidobacterial strains from six species, which showed that Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum had biofilm-forming and non-biofilm-forming strains, while all Bifidobacterium bifidum strains could form strong biofilms.

Biodiversity and Physiological Characteristics of Novel Strains Isolated from Human Feces.

is prevalent in the human gut and is a potential candidate for next-generation probiotics (NGPs) or biotherapeutics. However, the biodiversity and physiological characteristics of remain unclear. This study isolated 26 novel strains from human feces using a combination of negative screening and prime-specific PCR amplification (NSPA).

Integration of Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveals the Genes and Metabolites Involved in Biofilm Formation.

strains, an important component of probiotic foods, can form biofilms on abiotic surfaces, leading to increased self-resistance. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of biofilm formation. A time series transcriptome sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analysis of both biofilm and planktonic cells was performed to identify key genes and metabolites involved in biofilm formation.

Instance elimination strategy for non-convex multiple-instance learning using sparse positive bags.

In some multiple instance learning (MIL) applications, positive bags are sparse (i.e. containing only a small fraction of positive instances).