GOLM1 facilitates human colorectal cancer progression and metastasis via activating the AKT/GSK3β/EMT axis.

GOLM1 (Golgi membrane protein 1), a key tumor progression- and metastasis-related marker, is highly expressed in a variety of epithelium-derived human cancers. However, its expression and functions in human colorectal cancer (CRC) have been rarely explored. The present study verified the high expression of GOLM1 within CRC tissues and cell lines.

Serum-Exosome-Derived miRNAs Serve as Promising Biomarkers for HCC Diagnosis.

Background: Serum exosomes are emerging as key liquid biopsy biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cancer. However, the proportion and distribution of small RNA (sRNA) species from serum exosomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients remain unclear. Effective and reliable biomarkers for HCC diagnosis should be explored.

Salinomycin reduces epithelial-mesenchymal transition-mediated multidrug resistance by modifying long noncoding RNA HOTTIP expression in gastric cancer cells.

Chemotherapy is the main treatment for advanced gastric cancer. However, the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) has become a major obstacle in chemotherapy in many tumors, including gastric cancer. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is considered an important process in cancer development, also contributes toward tumor MDR.

[Conversion therapy of advanced gastric cancer].

There are 30% to 40% of advanced gastric cancer patients who lose the opportunity of curative surgery at initial diagnosis, so chemotherapy is recommended as the main treatment modality, however, the overall prognosis is poor. Recently, a number of phase II( studies show an enormously ideal potential of conversion therapy in these patients. Conversion therapy uses rational chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy and so on combined with MDT assessment to translate initial unresectable case to resectable one, which obviously prolongs survival time and improves quality of life.

Tamoxifen reduces P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance via inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in ER-negative human gastric cancer cells.

Multidrug resistance (MDR), mediated by overexpression of drug efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), is a major problem limiting successful chemotherapy of gastric cancer. Tamoxifen (TAM), a triphenylethylene nonsteroidal antiestrogen agent, shows broad-spectrum antitumor properties. Emerging studies demonstrated that TAM could significantly reduce the MDR in a variety of human cancers.

Adenovirus-mediated IL-24 expression enhances the chemosensitivity of multidrug-resistantgastric cancer cells to cisplatin.

Chemotherapy is one of the commonly used strategies in gastric cancer, especially for unresectable patients, but it becomes insensitive to repeated administration of even the most effective chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin. Given this, there is an urgent need for developing chemosensitizers to overcome acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Interleukin-24 (IL-24), a cytokine-tumor suppressor, shows broad-spectrum and tumor-specific antitumor properties, and studies have demonstrated that IL-24 could conspicuously restore the chemosensitivity of MDR cancer cells.

Adenovirus-mediated ING4 expression reduces multidrug resistance of human gastric carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo.

Chemotherapy is the primary treatment for both resectable and advanced gastric carcinoma, yet multiple drug resistance (MDR) of gastric carcinoma remains a significant therapeutic obstacle. The development of novel strategies to reduce MDR in gastric carcinoma would yield a better outcome following chemotherapy. ING4, a member of the inhibitor of growth (ING) tumor-suppressor family, possesses antitumor and radiosensitization or chemosensitization effects in a variety of human cancers.