Multi-omics analysis reveals the evolutionary origin of diterpenoid alkaloid biosynthesis pathways in Aconitum.

Diterpenoid alkaloids (DAs) have been often utilized in clinical practice due to their analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Natural DAs are prevalent in the family Ranunculaceae, notably in the Aconitum genus. Nevertheless, the evolutionary origin of the biosynthesis pathway responsible for DA production remains unknown.

S-ketamine used during anesthesia induction increases the perfusion index and mean arterial pressure after induction: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Abnormal peripheral perfusion and postinduction hypotension are associated with postoperative adverse outcomes. S-ketamine may stimulate blood circulation by activating the sympathetic nervous system. This study aimed to identify whether S-ketamine may improve the hemodynamic profile, relative to saline.

Invasive Aspergillus outbreak in inhalation injury: a case presentation and literature review.

Background: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis often occurs in patients with poor immune function, who abuse steroids or broad-spectrum antibiotics, or who use intravenous drugs. Among the Aspergillus genus of pulmonary infection, Aspergillus fumigatus is the most important pathogen, followed by Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus terreus. Inhalation injury complicated by Aspergillus infection has atypical clinical manifestations.

Melatonin synthesis genes N-acetylserotonin methyltransferases evolved into caffeic acid O-methyltransferases and both assisted in plant terrestrialization.

Terrestrialization is one of the most momentous events in the history of plant life, which leads to the subsequent evolution of plant diversity. The transition species, in this process, had to acquire a range of adaptive mechanisms to cope with the harsh features of terrestrial environments compared to that of aquatic habitat. As an ancient antioxidant, a leading regulator of ROS signaling or homeostasis, and a presumed plant master regulator, melatonin likely assisted plants transition to land and their adaption to terrestrial ecosystems.

Full Utilization of Lignocellulose with Ionic Liquid Polyoxometalates in a One-Pot Three-Step Conversion.

The lignin-first concept is a new innovation for full utilization of lignocellulose into value-added chemicals. Ionic liquid (IL) polyoxometalates [MIMPS] H P Mo O [MIMPS=1-(3-sulfonic group) propyl-3-methyl imidazolium] are reported to be active in the cleavage of β-O-4, α-O-4, and 4-O-5 bonds in three kinds of lignin models and also efficient for converting native lignocellulose. The three components in soft or hard lignocellulose were depolymerized in a one-pot three-step treatment.

A Polyoxometalate-Based Microfluidic Device for Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Glycerol.

Peroxidation of glycerol has been carried out in a polyoxometalate (POM)-based microfluidic reactor, which was fabricated on a capillary by using a layer-by-layer strategy. Lactic acid (LA) is produced selectively in high yield with a TOF as high as 20 000 h , compared to a TOF of 200 h in batch mode. This POM microfluidic reactor is readily prepared, scalable, highly stable, reusable, and also potentially applicable to selective oxidation of other bio-wastes.