Study on the antioxidant and antiosteoporotic activities of the oyster peptides prepared by ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis.

In this study, the effects of ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis on the production of antioxidant and antiosteoporotic peptides derived from oysters were investigated. Results showed that ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis significantly enhanced the peptide content, free radical scavenging ability, and ferric reducing antioxidant power of total oyster protein hydrolysate (TOPH), with optimal results achieved at 200 W (TOPH-200). Correspondingly, ultrasound treatment at 200 W increased the exposure of hydrophobic regions, reduced α-helix content, and facilitated the generation of small molecular weight peptides in TOPH.

IL-17A/CEBPβ/OPN/LYVE-1 axis inhibits anti-tumor immunity by promoting tumor-associated tissue-resident macrophages.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a critical component of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, comprising monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM-TAMs) and tissue-resident macrophages (TRM-TAMs). Here, we discovered that TRM-TAMs mediate the pro-tumor effects of interleukin (IL)-17A and that IL-17A-driven tumor progression requires tumor cell production of osteopontin (OPN). Mechanistically, we identified CEBPβ as a transcription factor downstream of IL-17A in tumor cells and LYVE-1 as an OPN receptor on TRM-TAMs.

Dual regulations on texture and water mobility of shrimp surimi gel with sustained-release epigallocatechin-3-gallate in γ-cyclodextrin metal organic frameworks: Insights into functionality and mechanisms.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) could demonstrate crosslinking effects on myofibrillar proteins, yet its proneness to self-aggregation could bring excessive crosslinking and water loss within gels, hindering its application as an additive during thermal gelation process. Here, encapsulation with the γ-cyclodextrin metal organic framework (γ-CD-MOF) before the use of EGCG was found to play a dual role: alleviating over-crosslinking of proteins and elevating water retention within gels. Results showed that EGCG got a sustainable release throughout the thermal process due to the gradual fracture of O-K coordinate bounds and structural collapse of γ-CD-MOF.

Encapsulation Alleviates the Auto-browning of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate in Aqueous Solutions through Regulating Molecular Self-Aggregation Behavior.

Catechins are widely recognized for superb antioxidant capability, but their application as food antioxidants is hindered by susceptibility to auto-browning under high-moisture conditions. Here, we proposed a strategy of ordered encapsulation with cyclodextrin-based metal-organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) to alleviate the auto-browning phenomenon of catechins while preserving their antioxidant capability and demonstrated the feasibility of this strategy via selecting epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as a model. Even in aqueous solutions, EGCG@CD-MOFs still possessed delayed browning, in contrast with pristine EGCG, characterized by suppressed efficiencies on the generation of oxidative dimers (theasinensin A) and semiquinone radicals.

Recent advances in the color of aquatic products: Evaluation methods, discoloration mechanism, and protection technologies.

Color plays a pivotal role in guiding and assessing the industrial production of aquatic products due to the swift sensory perception of information through vision. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the following four aspects: (a) mechanisms governing natural color formation in aquatic products, (b) factors and mechanisms contributing to the discoloration of aquatic products, (c) cutting-edge methods for color analysis and detection, and (d) current valuable techniques for preserving color quality. The natural color of aquatic products is derived from skin chromatophores, endogenous pigment proteins, and astaxanthin.

Antibacterial activity and mechanisms of α-terpineol against foodborne pathogenic bacteria.

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of α-terpineol against common foodborne pathogenic bacteria by agar well diffusion, broth microdilution, and colony counting assay. Propulsive research was conducted to reveal the antibacterial mechanisms, including morphology, infrared spectroscopy, membrane fluidity, membrane permeability, proton motive force, and oxidative phosphorylation. Results indicated that the antibacterial activity of α-terpineol decreased in the following order: Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus.

PPAR-δ as a prognostic biomarker and its association with immune infiltrates in breast cancer PPAR-δ as a prognostic biomarker and its association with immune infiltrates in breast cancer.

While peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPAR-δ) and its associated signaling pathways have been shown to play an important regulatory role in various malignant tumors, in breast cancer, its potential influence on immune infiltration and its ability to serve as a prognostic marker remains unclear. BRCA patient samples with matched paracancerous samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). PPAR-δ expression, its potential effect on immune cell infiltration and its association to clinicopathological features were examined.

Current state of NK cell-mediated immunotherapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has become one of the most common hematological diseases in western countries, with an annual incidence of 42/100,000. Conventional chemotherapy and targeted therapeutic drugs showed limitations in prognosis or in efficiency in high-risk patients. Immunotherapy represented is one of the most effective therapeutic approaches with the potential of better effect and prognosis.

Effects of Non-Enzymatic Browning and Lipid Oxidation on Color of Ready-to-Eat Abalone during Accelerated Storage and Its Control.

The deepening of color of ready-to-eat (RTE) abalone during storage leads to sensory quality degradation, which seriously affects the shelf life of products and consumers' purchasing desire. The goal of this study is to look into the causes of non-enzymatic browning and lipid oxidation, as well as how to control them, and their effect on the color of RTE abalone during storage. The control, bloodletting and antioxidants groups (lactic acid, citric acid and 4-hexylresorcinol) of RTE abalone were stored for 0, 20 and 40 days at 40 °C, respectively, to explore the rule and mechanism of the color change in RTE abalone.

Achieving dual functions of texture modification and water retention of shrimp surimi products with the combination of epigallocatechin-3-gallate and γ-cyclodextrin.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exhibits excellent cross-linking effects of myofibrillar proteins, it is prone to self-aggregation, causing excessive cross-linking and moisture loss of gels, which limits its application as a food additive in surimi products. Here, through combination γ-cyclodextrin and EGCG into one inclusion complex, we achieved proper usage of EGCG in shrimp surimi products: elevating both water holding capability and texture properties (hardness, chewiness and resilience). Moreover, the mechanism behind excellent performance was elucidated: as texture modifiers, the complexes improved gel network integrity through intermolecular interactions and moderated disulfide bonds; and as water retainer agents, the complexes promoted transformation of nitrogen in proteins towards the form of protonated amino, facilitating the occurrence of hydration.

Ethanol-mediated synthesis of γ-cyclodextrin-based metal-organic framework as edible microcarrier: performance and mechanism.

Here, an ethanol-mediated method was introduced to fabricate γ-cyclodextrin-based metal-organic frameworks (γ-CD-MOFs) as microcarriers for epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Through adjusting ethanol gas diffusion temperature and ethanol liquid feed speed, we achieved control of crystallization efficiency and crystals size without extra surfactants. Under the sequential regulatory by ethanol in two phases, the obtained γ-CD-MOFs with cubic shape exhibited excellent crystallinity, high surface area, and uniform size distribution.

Nanoprecipitates of γ-cyclodextrin/epigallocatechin-3-gallate inclusion complexes as efficient antioxidants for preservation of shrimp surimi products: synthesis, performance and mechanism.

Background: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is well known for excellent chain-breaking antioxidant capability. However, browning by oxidation and aggregation of EGCG is a non-negligible defect that hinders its applications as an antioxidant in various foodstuffs. Therefore, how to eliminate or mitigate browning efficiently, while retaining functionalities as food additive is a challenge in the food industry.

Food-grade encapsulated polyphenols: recent advances as novel additives in foodstuffs.

A growing inclination among consumers toward the consumption of natural products has propelled the usage of natural compounds as novel additives. Polyphenols are among the most popular candidates of natural food additives with multiple functionalities and bioactivities but are limited by instability. In this regard, a series of food-grade encapsulated polyphenols has been tailored for incorporating into food formulations as novel additives, which could better satisfy the complicated industry processing.

Three-dimensional gait characteristics of patients after unilateral total knee arthroplasty.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the gait characteristics of bilateral limbs after unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using three-dimensional (3D) dynamic capture technology.Forty-two patients who underwent TKA were selected from the Orthopedic Medical Center of The Second Hospital of Jilin University from November 2018 to May 2019. We used a 3D dynamic capture system to measure the gait characteristics of patients at 3 months after TKA.

The primary site of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma predicts survival benefits of EGFR inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Purpose: To assess the survival benefits associated with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) according to the primary site.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted for randomized phase III trials comparing treatment with or without EGFR inhibitors in locoregionally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic HNSCC. The primary and secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), respectively.

Graphite-like carbon nitride-laden gold nanoparticles as signal amplification label for highly sensitive lateral flow immunoassay of 17β-estradiol.

Conventional gold nanoparticles-based lateral flow immunoassays (AuNPs-LFIA) lack sensitivity. In this work, we developed a graphite-like carbon nitride-laden AuNPs (g-CN@Au) assisted LFIA to improve sensitivity for 17β-estradiol (E2) in foods. g-CN nanosheets were applied as carriers, because of their excellent chemical stability, large surface areas and low-cost, loading large numbers of AuNPs to amplify signals and improve the overall response of g-CN@Au-based LFIA (g-CN@Au-LFIA).

Competitive Lateral Flow Immunoassay Relying on Au-SiO Janus Nanoparticles with an Asymmetric Structure and Function for Furazolidone Residue Monitoring.

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are the most commonly used signal materials in lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). However, the assay sensitivity of traditional AuNP-based LFIA is usually limited by the incomplete competition between free target analytes and immobilized antigens for the binding of AuNP-labeled antibodies. To unfreeze this limitation, here, asymmetric Au-SiO Janus NPs (about 66 nm) were designed and synthesized.

Developing a Simple Immunochromatography Assay for Clenbuterol with Sensitivity by One-Step Staining.

An innovative lateral flow competition immunoassay (LFCIA) for detecting clenbuterol (CL) was developed by employing the advantages of the coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) staining method. An antibody stained by CBB was used both as a recognition reagent and as a chromogenic probe, enabling the simple but sensitive LFCIA of CL. The CBB-based LFCIA exhibited sensitivity for CL with a detection limit of 2 ng mL.

Functional nanozyme mediated multi-readout and label-free lateral flow immunoassay for rapid detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7.

To overcome the drawbacks of antibody labeling dependence and single-readout system in the conventional lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) as well as the non-targeted combination of new capture agents reported recently for pathogen detection, in this work, a multi-readout and label-free LFIA was proposed for rapid detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) based on a nanozyme-bacteria-antibody sandwich pattern. A type of functional nanozyme-mannose modified Prussian blue (man-PB), was introduced as the recognition agent as well as signal indicator.

Small size nanoparticles-CoO based lateral flow immunoassay biosensor for highly sensitive and rapid detection of furazolidone.

Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) biosensor is a paper-based tool and widely utilized in various fields. Here, we developed a novel LFIA biosensor by introducing CoO nanoparticles (NPs) as signal labels for highly sensitive detection of 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ), a metabolite of furazolidone. The characteristic brown color of CoO NPs enabled AOZ to be visually detected by the LFIA.

Polydopamine nanospheres as high-affinity signal tag towards lateral flow immunoassay for sensitive furazolidone detection.

Currently, the low sensitivity and poor binding stability of detection probe prepared via electrostatic adsorption have become the dilemmas of colloidal gold-based lateral flow immunoassays (Au-LFIAs). In this connection, polydopamine nanospheres (PDA NPs) with an eminent covalent connectivity property were introduced as a promising substitute to improve the stability of probe and sensitivity of LFIA. Whereafter, the PDA NPs-based LFIA was applied for the monitoring of furazolidone (FZD) in food samples because of the potential carcinogenic/mutagenic effects to human of its metabolite (3-amino-2-oxazolidinone, AOZ).

Label-free strip sensor based on surface positively charged nitrogen-rich carbon nanoparticles for rapid detection of Salmonella enteritidis.

Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is a class and widespread applied point-of-care biosensor in the rapid monitoring field. To address the matched antibodies and antibody labeling dependence in the conventional LFIAs, in this work, an innovative label-free LFIA was proposed for the sensitive detection of Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) by introducing a new nanoparticles-bacteria-antibody sandwich strategy in the sensor.

Prompt admission to intensive care is associated with improved survival in patients with severe sepsis and/or septic shock.

Objective To investigate the association between time from hospital admission to intensive care unit (ICU) admission (door to ICU time) and hospital mortality in patients with sepsis. Methods This retrospective observational study included routinely collected healthcare data from patients with sepsis. The primary endpoint was hospital mortality, defined as the survival status at hospital discharge.

Highly sensitive and reproducible non-enzymatic glucose sensor fabricated by drop-casting novel nanocomposite with 3D architecture and tailorable properties prepared in controllable way.

Novel nanocomposite has tailorable properties and ordered 3D architecture similar to the structure of materials prepared by electrodeposition which is convenient and efficient but the reproducibility is limited because of the uncontrollable preparation process, was scientifically synthetized in controllable way and used for non-enzymatic glucose sensor for the first time. Flower-like α-Ni(OH) with high specific surface areas and good anion transport ability benefited from its distinctive stacking faults and turbostratic disorder structure was synthesized through facile one-step hydrothermal method. Oversaturated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been innovatively decorated on flower-like α-Ni(OH) to improve the electrical conductivity, in turn, AuNPs would possess the higher catalytic activity when supported on Ni(OH), so the resultant AuNPs decorated α-Ni(OH) (AuNPs@α-Ni(OH)) also has excellent synergistic catalytic effect and improved selectivity.