Impaired Vigilance in Patients with Narcolepsy Type 1: A Psychomotor Vigilance Task Study.

Purpose: The psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) is one of the main methods to measure sustained vigilance/attention in sleep research. Vigilance is the main factor affecting daytime function in patients with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1). We aimed to quantify the negative effects of sleep-wake disorders on vigilance and investigate potential neural mechanisms.

A process-based model of climate-driven xylogenesis and tree-ring formation in broad-leaved trees (BTR).

The process-based xylem formation model is an important tool for understanding the radial growth process of trees and its influencing factors. While numerous xylogenesis models for conifers have been developed, there is a lack of models available for non-coniferous trees. In this study, we present a process-based model designed for xylem formation and ring growth in broad-leaved trees, which we call the Broad-leaved Tree-Ring (BTR) model.

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Due to HIV Treatment as a Potential Trigger: A Case Report with Late-Onset Narcolepsy.

Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a unique central sleepiness disorder that affects individuals with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations. The etiology and pathogenesis of NT1 remains unclear, although some viral infections are thought to be related to NT1. This paper reports an unusual case of late-onset NT1 with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and antiretroviral therapy for five years.

Aridity regulates the impacts of multiple dimensional plant diversity on soil properties in the drylands of northern China.

Relationships between plant diversity and soil properties are important for restoring ecosystem function to adapt climate change in drylands. Taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity are widely used for understanding community assembly and the responses of plant communities to environmental change. However, one dimension of diversity index is difficult to reflect the multiple dimensional plant diversity, and their effects on soil properties (i.

[Radial growth response of to climate change in the Cele desert oasis ecotone, China].

is an important tree species in the arid regions of Northwest China, which is sensitive to climate changes. Climate of the Northwest China is changing to be "warm and humid", but how it would affect the regional forest growth is not clear. In this study, the radial growth response of to major climatic factors and their temporal changes during 1984-2021 were analyzed by using dendrochronology method in the desert oasis ecotone of Cele in the southern Tarim basin.

Divergent driving mechanisms of community temporal stability in China's drylands.

Climate change and anthropogenic activities are reshaping dryland ecosystems globally at an unprecedented pace, jeopardizing their stability. The stability of these ecosystems is crucial for maintaining ecological balance and supporting local communities. Yet, the mechanisms governing their stability are poorly understood, largely due to the scarcity of comprehensive field data.

Mechanical Thrombectomy in Anticoagulated Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: According to a previous studies, mechanical thrombectomy(MT) is safe for anticoagulated patients. However, the safety and prognosis of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and vitamin K antagonists (VKA) have not been compared with those of MT.This meta-analysis aimed at determining the efficacy of DOACs or VKA for patients after MT.

Drought limits vegetation carbon sequestration by affecting photosynthetic capacity of semi-arid ecosystems on the Loess Plateau.

Drought is the driver for ecosystem production in semi-arid areas. However, the response mechanism of ecosystem productivity to drought remains largely unknown. In particular, it is still unclear whether drought limits the production via photosynthetic capacity or phenological process.

The Impact of Urbanization on Tree Growth and Xylem Anatomical Characteristics.

In the context of the intensification of global urbanization, how urbanization (urban heat island effect and air pollution) affects urban tree growth is not fully understood. In this paper, the radial growth and xylem anatomical characteristics of three different tree species (, and var. ) in urban and rural areas of Harbin were compared by means of tree-ring anatomy.

Enhanced growth resistance but no decline in growth resilience under long-term extreme droughts.

The frequency, intensity, and duration of extreme droughts, with devastating impacts on tree growth and survival, have increased with climate change over the past decades. Assessing growth resistance and resilience to drought is a crucial prerequisite for understanding the responses of forest functioning to drought events. However, the responses of growth resistance and resilience to extreme droughts with different durations across different climatic zones remain unclear.

Climatic Warming-Induced Drought Stress Has Resulted in the Transition of Tree Growth Sensitivity from Temperature to Precipitation in the Loess Plateau of China.

Ongoing climate warming poses significant threats to forest ecosystems, particularly in drylands. Here, we assess the intricate responses of tree growth to climate change across two warming phases (1910-1940 and 1970-2000) of the 20th century in the Loess Plateau of China. To achieve this, we analyzed a dataset encompassing 53 ring-width chronologies extracted from 13 diverse tree species, enabling us to discern and characterize the prevailing trends in tree growth over these warming phases.

Nitrogen addition enhances tree radial growth but weakens its recovery from drought impact in a temperate forest in northern China.

Forest growth in the majority of northern China is currently limited by drought and low nitrogen (N) availability. Drought events with increasing intensity have threatened multiple ecosystem services provided by forests. Whether N addition will have a detrimental or beneficial moderation effect on forest resistance and recovery to drought events was unclear.

Effects of species mixtures on soil water storage in the semiarid hilly gully region.

Mixed-species plantations are promoted to restore degraded ecosystems and improve soil quality worldwide. However, differences of soil water conditions between pure and mixed plantations are still controversial and how species mixtures affect soil water storage (SWS) was not well quantified. In this study, vegetation characteristics, soil properties and SWS were continuously monitored and quantified in three pure plantations (Armeniaca sibirica (AS), Robinia pseudoacacia (RP) and Hippophae rhamnoides (HR)) and their corresponding mixed plantations (Pinus tabuliformis-Armeniaca sibirica (PT-AS), Robinia pseudoacacia-Pinus tabuliformis-Armeniaca sibirica (RP-PT-AS), Platycladus orientalis-Hippophae rhamnoides plantation (PO-HR), Populus simonii-Hippophae rhamnoides (PS-HR)).

Exosomes rich in Wnt5 improved circadian rhythm dysfunction via enhanced PPARγ activity in the 6-hydroxydopamine model of Parkinson's disease.

Sleep disorder is one of the most common non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) and even appear as early symptoms. Here we investigated the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs) on sleep disorder in PD rats. 6-hydroxydopa (6-OHDA) was used to establish the PD rat model.

Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration for Progressive Visual Loss in Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: A Long-Term Retrospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Progressive cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST)-induced visual loss remains problematic, despite decreasing overall mortality owing to early diagnosis and aggressive treatment. Optic nerve sheath fenestration (ONSF) improves or stabilizes visual function in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension; however, its role in CVST awaits elucidation. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of ONSF in resolving CVST-induced visual impairment based on long-term observation.

Spatial Heterogeneity of Root Water Conduction Strategies of Zygophyllaceae Plants in Arid Regions of China.

Desert plants are the main component of species diversity in desert ecosystems, and studying the anatomy and function of desert plant xylem is of great significance for understanding climate sensitivity and adaptation mechanisms to arid ecosystems. In this study, 11 sampling points were selected in the region starting from the Loess Plateau to the Jungar Basin, the taproot anatomy materials of 9 samples of Zygophyllaceae plants were collected, and the water conduction strategies and spatial distribution characteristics of these species were analyzed. The age, growth rate, vessel number, vessel fraction, vessel area within a fixed measurement range (TVA), MVA, water conductivity (TKp, MKp) and vessel diameter ranged between 1 and 27 years, 43.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes altered neuron cholesterol metabolism via Wnt5a-LRP1 axis and alleviated cognitive impairment in a progressive Parkinson's disease model.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with abnormal metabolism of brain cholesterol, and the metabolites of neuronal cholesterol may also affect neurodegenerative progression. In this study, we aim to explore the therapeutic effect of BMSC derived exosomes on motor and cognitive deficits in α-synuclein (α-Syn) A53T transgenic mice, a progressive PD animal model. Results revealed that rotating rod performance of α-Syn A53T TG mice decreased by 45.

[Research advances in shrub dendroecology].

The ecological value of shrub-ring data has received more and more attention. The tree-ring data of shrub species have been increasingly used to reveal growth dynamics of regional shrub vegetation and its sensitivity to climate change. Up to now, nearly 70 species of shrubs have been used in the studies of shrub dendrochronology, which considerably broadened the traditional tree-ring research network, enriched the research scope and object of dendrochronology, and certainly with great significance in revealing the characteristics of regional climate fluctuation and annual dynamics of structure, function and service for shrubland ecosystems.

[Spatial-temporal variation of vegetation water use efficiency and its relationship with climate factors over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China].

Water use efficiency (WUE) is an effective index to study the coupling of land carbon and water cycle. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the most important ecological security barrier in China. Understanding the characteristics and mechanism of WUE is important for the carbon cycle and water resources rational utilization in the plateau.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Extracellular Vesicles with Distinct Properties in Autoimmune Encephalitis and Herpes Simplex Encephalitis.

Encephalitis mediated by autoantibodies against neuronal antigens and herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) are seemingly separate causes of encephalopathy in adults. Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is autoimmune in origin, and herpes simplex encephalitis is infectious. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) exosomes from patients with antibody-positive AE and HSE.

Exosomes isolated during dopaminergic neuron differentiation suppressed neuronal inflammation in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease.

Our previous investigation showed Wnt signal pathway was significantly activated during DA neuron differentiation of epiblast-derived stem cells. In this study, we next attempt to examine the therapeutic potential of the purified exosomes derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by administrating exosomes into the rat striatum of parkinson's disease (PD) animal model. Results revealed that the protein levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the substantia nigra of PD rats were down regulated after injection of BMSC induced-Exosomes into the striatum of PD model compared to BMSC quiescent-Exosomes.

[Response differences of radial growth of and var. to climate change in Daxing'an Mountains, Northeast China].

Daxing'an Mountains is one of regions in China with the most significant climate change. and var. are the most important species in this area.

Neuroprotective Effect of Trans-Resveratrol in Mild to Moderate Alzheimer Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial.

Introduction: Amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein is a major component of the extracellular plaque found in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we investigated the effect of trans-resveratrol as an antagonist treatment for moderate to mild AD, as well as its safety and tolerability.

Methods: This was a case-control study that enrolled 30 selected patients who had been clinically diagnosed with moderate to mild AD.

High forest stand density exacerbates growth decline of conifers driven by warming but not broad-leaved trees in temperate mixed forest in northeast Asia.

Increasing temperature over recent decades is expected to positively impact tree growth in humid regions. However, high stand density could increase the negative effects of warming-induced drought through inter-tree competition. How neighborhood competition impacts tree growth responding to climate change remains unclear.