The process of differentiated somatic cells to a pluripotent state or to another unrelated cell type is referred to as cellular reprogramming. This can be achieved through somatic cell nuclear transfer, cell fusion, specific transcription-factor transduction, and exposure to cell extracts. Cellular reprogramming using cell extracts has gained increasing attention in recent years and has been applied to acquire the target cell types, recognize the functional factors, explore the reprogramming mechanism.
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