[Association of gene polymorphisms of and and their interactions with community-acquired pneumonia in children].

Objectives: To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of myeloid differentiation factor 88 () and Toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 1 () and their interactions with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children.

Methods: Improved multiple ligase detection reaction assay was used for detecting the polymorphisms of nine tagging SNPs of the and genes in 375 children with CAP who attended the Department of Pediatrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University Medical School from August 2015 to September 2017 and 306 healthy children who underwent physical examination. A logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the distribution of genotypes and their interactions with CAP in children.

Polymorphism of OAS2 rs739901 C/A Involves the Susceptibility to EV71 Infection in Chinese Children.

This study aimed to assess the relationship of OAS2 rs739901 5,-flanking C/A polymorphisms with the susceptibility to Enterovirus-71 (EV71) infection. We investigated 294 hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) Chinese children with EV71 infection (165 mild cases and 129 encephalitis cases). The improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) technique was used to test the genotypes.

IL-10-592 polymorphism is associated with IL-10 expression and severity of enterovirus 71 infection in chinese children.

Background: Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection results in some severe complications with high mortality and disability in Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) in children. Recent studies have shown that cytokine genetic predispositions have associations with both the development of EV71 infection and severity of HFMD.

Objective: This study was designed to investigate whether the IL-10-592 polymorphism is associated with IL-10 levels and disease severity in Chinese children with EV71 infection.

Association of Toll-like receptor 3 gene polymorphism with the severity of enterovirus 71 infection in Chinese children.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection has become one of the major threats to children globally in recent years. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) plays an essential role in host defense against EV71 infection. This study was designed to assess the possible association between the TLR3c.

Correlation of an interleukin-4 gene polymorphism with susceptibility to severe enterovirus 71 infection in Chinese children.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) has caused many outbreaks of diseases among children worldwide since it was first reported in 1974, but its mechanism of pathogenesis remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the possible association of the IL-4 -589C/T gene polymorphism with severity of EV71 infection in Chinese children. The IL-4 -589C/T gene polymorphism was detected in EV71-infected subjects (n = 185), including those with mild cases (n = 102) and severe cases (n = 83) as well as healthy controls (n = 234), using an improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) technique.

Genetic polymorphism of CCL2-2510 and susceptibility to enterovirus 71 encephalitis in a Chinese population.

The study was performed in 36 Chinese patients with enterovirus 71 (EV71) encephalitis and 141 patients with EV71-related hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) without encephalitis. Genotyping was done by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Patients with EV71 encephalitis had a significantly higher frequency of the CCL2-2510GG genotypes when compared to patients with EV71-related HFMD without encephalitis (66.

Association of IP-10 gene polymorphism with susceptibility to Enterovirus 71 infection.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) often causes large outbreaks of diseases among children worldwide and its pathogenesis remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) polymorphism in children with EV71 infection. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) were performed to analyze the gene polymorphisms of IP-10 (-1596C/T) in 58 EV71-infected and 48 control patients.

Genetic polymorphism of CCL2-2518, CXCL10-201, IL8+781 and susceptibility to severity of Enterovirus-71 infection in a Chinese population.

Objective: The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between CCL2-2518A/G, CXCL10-201A/G, and IL8+781C/T gene polymorphism and severity of Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection in a Chinese population.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted to compare the distribution of genotype and genetic frequency of the CCL2-2518A/G, CXCL10-201A/G, and IL8+781C/T gene polymorphisms among EV71-infected patients (n = 186), including mild cases (n = 103), severe cases (n = 83) and healthy control subjects (n = 233) with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and analyzed the relationship between the CCL2-2518A/G, CXCL10-201A/G, and IL8+781C/T gene polymorphism and the susceptibility to EV71 infection.

Results: No significant differences were found in the distribution of genotype CCL2-2518A/G, CXCL10-201A/G, and IL8+781C/T between the healthy control group and EV71-infected patients.

Impact of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphism on severity of enterovirus 71-infection in Chinese children.

Objectives: Genetic polymorphism G894T on the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene has been reported as a susceptibility factor in a number of diseases, but evidence of its effect on enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection is lacking. This study investigated the possible association between this polymorphism (rs1799983) and disease severity in Chinese children with EV71 infection.

Design And Methods: 185 children with EV71 infection (83 with severe and 102 with mild disease) and 234 control healthy children underwent testing with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RLFP) to detect G894T polymorphism.

Association of interleukin 10 and interferon gamma gene polymorphisms with enterovirus 71 encephalitis in patients with hand, foot and mouth disease.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the common causative agents of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), and is associated with several outbreaks with neurological complications including encephalitis. This study investigated the polymorphisms of interferon gamma (IFN-γ)+874 T/A and interleukin 10 (IL-10)-1082 G/A in 65 Chinese patients with EV71 encephalitis and 113 Chinese HFMD patients without complications. The polymorphisms of IFN-γ+874 T/A and IL-10-1082 G/A were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) and PCR-sequence-specific primer (SSP) analysis, respectively.

[Relationship between variation of coxsackievirus B3 VP1 sequence from cerebrospinal fluid of children and severity of damage to central nervous system].

Objective: To investigate the possible relationship between variation of coxsackievirus B3 (CoxB3) VP1 sequence from cerebrospinal fluid of children with severe and mild central nervous system (CNS) infection and damage to CNS in children from Shandong province.

Methods: The enteroviruses were detected using VP1 typing and sequencing primer for enteroviruses from 73 enterovirus-infected cases confirmed by detection of cerebrospinal fluid by enteroviruses common primer. VP1 sequences (450 nucleotides) were determined and analyzed for 21 CoxB3 enteroviruses strains isolated in Qingdao and Binzhou, and were compared with that of BLAST search procedures from GeneBank in NCBI.

Prevention of beta cell dysfunction and apoptosis by adenoviral gene transfer of rat insulin-like growth factor 1.

Background: Islet beta-cells are almost completely destroyed when patients with type 1 diabete are diagnosed. To date, insulin substitute therapy is still one of the main treatments. The cure of type 1 diabetes requires beta-cell regeneration from islet cell precursors and prevention of recurring autoimmunity.

[Effects of astragalus membranaceus on TH cell subset function in children with recurrent tonsillitis].

Objective: To observe the TH cell subset function in children with recurrent tonsillitis (RT) at the remission stage and to study the effects of astragalus membranacus (AM) on TH cell subset function.

Methods: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 27 children with RT at the remission stage were stimulated with either phytohemagalutinin (PHA) (RT-PHA group) or PHA together with AM (RT-AM group) and were then cultured in vitro for 48 hrs. The samples from 21 healthy children stimulated with PHA were used as the Control group.

[Regulatory effect of zengmian mixture on T-lymphocyte dysfunction in children with repeated lower respiratory tract infection of both Qi-Yin deficiency type].

Objective: To explore the T-lymphocyte dysfunction in children with repeated infection of lower respiratory tract of both Qi-Yin deficiency type (RIR-QYD) and the immune regulatory effect of zengmian mixture (ZMM), to provide theoretical basis for the effective therapy.

Methods: Peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets and expressions of T-lymphocyte activating related surface molecules (CD3+/HLA-DR+ and CD3+/CD25+, etc.) in children with RIR-QYD, 31 of mild type and 28 of severe type cases, were investigated before administration of ZMM and after treatment of ZMM for 3-6 months (non-infectious stage), using immune fluorescent labelling and flow cytometric technique.

[Analysis of 187 children with enteroviral central nervous system infection in Shandong area].

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic potential of previously published enterovirus (EV) reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay in detection of EV in CSF samples from children with a diagnosis of aseptic meningitis and to investigate the clinical characteristics of the patients seen in Shandong.

Methods: EV RNA was detected in 187 CSF samples and serum and/or urine samples of a part of patients by RT-PCR and viral culture technique.

Results: RT-PCR was positive in all 62 CSF specimens which were positive by cell culture (100%).