Hemorheological and Microcirculatory Factors in Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury-An Update on Pathophysiology, Molecular Mechanisms and Protective Strategies.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a multifactorial phenomenon which has been associated with adverse clinical outcomes. IRI related tissue damage is characterized by various chronological events depending on the experimental model or clinical setting. Despite the fact that IRI research has been in the spotlight of scientific interest for over three decades with a significant and continuous increase in publication activity over the years and the large number of pharmacological and surgical therapeutic attempts introduced, not many of these strategies have made their way into everyday clinical practice.

Intra and postoperative evaluations of microcirculation and micro-rheological parameters in a rat model of musculocutaneous flap ischemia-reperfusion.

Purpose: To examine how the ischemia-reperfusion injury of latissimus dorsi-cutaneous maximus (LDCM) musculocutaneous flap affects the microcirculatory (flap's skin surface) and hemorheological parameters, and whether an intraoperative deterioration would predictively suggest flap failure in the postoperative period.

Methods: Ten healthy male rats were subjected to the study. In Group I the left flap was sutured back after 2-hour, while the contralateral side was right after its elevation.

Morphological and microcirculatory evaluation of the rat testis after detorsion with or without a capsular release with a tunica vaginalis flap.

Testicular torsion may lead to serious ischemia, and the viability depends on the duration of torsion and the effect of ischemia-reperfusion. Testicular decompression and tunica vaginalis flap application technique were introduced in 2008 by Kutikov et al. We aimed to examine the impact of this method on the testicular microcirculation and hemorheological parameters in a rat model.

Early postoperative changes in hematological, erythrocyte aggregation and blood coagulation parameters after unilateral implantation of polytetrafluoroethylene vascular graft in the femoral artery of beagle dogs.

Purpose: The failure of small-caliber vascular grafts still means a serious problem. Concerning the early postoperative complications we aimed to investigate the hemostaseological and hemorheological aspects of this issue in a canine model.

Methods: In the Control group only anesthesia was induced.

A modified microsurgical model for end-to-side selective portacaval shunt in the rat. Intraoperative microcirculatory investigations.

Purpose: To investigate the intraoperative microcirculatory changes of the affected organs (small bowel, liver and kidney) during the making of a modified selective portacaval (PC) shunt.

Methods: On ten anaesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats the selective end-to-side mesocaval anastomosis was performed, where only the rostral mesenteric vein is utilized and the portal vein with the splenic vein are left intact. Morphometric and microcirculatory investigations using a LDF device determining flux units (BFU) were carried out.

Simultaneous investigation of hemodynamic, microcirculatory and arterio-venous micro-rheological parameters in infrarenal or suprarenal aortic cross-clamping model in the rat.

We aimed to investigate hemodynamic, microcirculatory and hemorheological consequence of infrarenal or suprarenal aortic cross-clamping (IRAXC, SRAXC) in the rat. We hypothesized that the magnitude of the changes are different. Twenty-one male rats were randomized into Control, IRAXC or SRAXC groups.

Effects of various drugs (flunixin, pentoxifylline, enoxaparin) modulating micro-rheological changes in cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in the rat.

Previously we have investigated the cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis and provided data on its micro-rheological impact in the rat. We hypothesized that non-steroid anti-inflammatory agent flunixin, the xanthine-derivate pentoxifylline and the low molecular weight heparin enoxaparin may have various beneficial effects improving microcirculatory and rheological parameters. In female rats, under general anesthesia, 10 μg/kg cerulein s.

Testicular ischemia-reperfusion may alter micro-rheological parameters in laboratory rats.

Ischemia-reperfusion-caused hemorheological alterations have been widely studied but the effect of testicular ischemia-reperfusion has not so far. In this study 14 Sprague-Dawley rats were involved. In the ischemia-reperfusion group under general anaesthesia the left testis was explored by opening the scrotum then the deferent duct and vasculature were clamped for 30 minutes.

Comparative osmotic gradient ektacytometry data on inter-species differences of experimental animals.

It is known that red blood cell deformability may show colorful inter-species differences, influenced by inner viscosity, cell membrane viscosity, morphology and surface-volume ratio of the erythrocytes. It is also well-known that the cell volume is changing depending on the micro-environmental osmolarity. These changes can be well observable using osmotic gradient ektacytometry (osmoscan).

Aorto-porto-caval micro-rheological differences of red blood cells in laboratory rats: further deformability and ektacytometrial osmoscan data.

Investigation of regional hemorheological properties are important in ischemia-reperfusion experimental surgical and microsurgical research models, however, the physiological arterio-venous as well as porto-caval differences in erythrocyte deformability and aggregation are still controversial. In this study, besides measuring blood pH, blood gases, lactate concentration and hematological parameters we determined erythrocyte deformability (rotational ektacytometer) together with osmoscan data as well as erythrocyte aggregation (light transmittance aggregometer) in blood samples taken from the portal vein, caudal caval vein and abdominal aorta of rats. Blood pH, partial blood gas pressures showed the anticipated physiological differences.