A modified CTAB method for the extraction of high-quality RNA from mono-and dicotyledonous plants rich in secondary metabolites.

Background: High-quality RNA extraction from woody plants is difficult because of the presence of polysaccharides and polyphenolics that bind or co-precipitate with the RNA. The CTAB (cetyl trimethylammonium bromide) based method is widely used for the isolation of nucleic acids from polysaccharide-rich plants. Despite the widespread use of the CTAB method, it is necessary to adapt it to particular plant species, tissues and organs.

The role of the Aspergillus nidulans high mobility group B protein HmbA, the orthologue of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nhp6p.

The mammalian HMGB1 is a high-mobility-group B protein, which is both an architectural and functional element of chromatin. Nhp6p, the extensively studied fungal homologue of HMGB1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has pleiotropic physiological functions. Despite the existence of Nhp6p orthologues in filamentous ascomycetes, little is known about their physiological roles besides their contribution to sexual development.

Mycoparasitism capability and growth inhibition activity of Clonostachys rosea isolates against fungal pathogens of grapevine trunk diseases suggest potential for biocontrol.

The present study aimed to examine the capability of Clonostachys rosea isolates as a biological control agent against grapevine trunk diseases pathogens. Five C. rosea and 174 pathogenic fungal strains were isolated from grafted grapevines and subjected to in vitro confrontation tests.

The Compositional Turnover of Grapevine-Associated Plant Pathogenic Fungal Communities Is Greater Among Intraindividual Microhabitats and than Among Healthy and Esca-Diseased Plants.

Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are a major threat to the wine industry, causing yield loss and dieback of grapevines. While the increasing damage caused by GTDs in recent decades have spurred several studies on grapevine-associated pathogenic fungi, key questions about the emergence and severity of GTDs remain unanswered, including possible differences in plant pathogenic fungal communities in asymptomatic and symptomatic grapevines. We generated fungal DNA metabarcoding data from soil, bark, and perennial wood samples from asymptomatic and symptomatic grapevines sampled in three .

The fungus Kalmusia longispora is able to cause vascular necrosis on Vitis vinifera.

Fungal diseases in agronomically important plants such as grapevines result in significantly reduced production, pecuniary losses, and increased use of environmentally damaging chemicals. Beside the well-known diseases, there is an increased interest in wood-colonizing fungal pathogens that infect the woody tissues of grapevines. In 2015, a traditional isolation method was performed on grapevine trunks showing symptoms of trunk diseases in Hungary.

Paraffin oil induces resistance against powdery mildew in grapevine through salicylic acid signaling.

Background: Mineral oils have been widely used in the pest control of several crops. However, their mode of action is poorly understood, especially in the case of their antifungal properties. The possible direct fungicidal activity and the stress-inducing capability of paraffin oil on grapevine were examined using Vitis vinifera L.

Above-ground parts of white grapevine Vitis vinifera cv. Furmint share core members of the fungal microbiome.

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is a reservoir of fungal endophytes that may affect its growth, health status and grape production. Although there is growing interest in comparing fungal communities of mainly red grape varieties across various factors using only high-throughput sequencing, the small-scale mycobiome variations in geographically close vineyards need further examination. We aimed to characterize the fungal microbiome of the above-ground tissues of V.

HMGB proteins are required for sexual development in Aspergillus nidulans.

Aspergillus nidulans has three high mobility group box (HMGB) proteins, HmbA, HmbB and HmbC that are chromatin-associated architectural proteins involved in DNA-related functions. By creating and studying deletion strains in both veA+ and veA1 background, we have characterized the role of HmbA, HmbB and HmbC in sexual development. Expression of the mating-type MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 coding genes were found to be extremely down-regulated in all three mutants on day 4 of sexual development, which results in deficient ascospore production and/or ascospore viability in the mutants.

Further characterization of the role of the mitochondrial high-mobility group box protein in the intracellular redox environment of Aspergillus nidulans.

HmbB, a predominantly mitochondrial high-mobility group box (HMGB) protein, of Aspergillus nidulans affects diverse biological activities, such as sterigmatocystin production, the maintenance of mitochondrial DNA copy number, germination of asexual and sexual spores, and protection against oxidative stress agents. We hypothesized that the latter correlates with an unbalanced intracellular redox state, in which case, a not yet fully characterized physiological function could be attributed to this mitochondrial HMGB protein. Here, we studied the intracellular redox environment and oxidative stress tolerance in hmbB+ and hmbBΔ strains under normal and oxidative stress conditions by measuring glutathione redox couple, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and ROS-protecting enzyme activities.

A dually located multi-HMG-box protein of Aspergillus nidulans has a crucial role in conidial and ascospore germination.

Seven HMG-box proteins of Aspergillus nidulans have been identified in the genomic databases. Three of these have the characteristics of non-specific DNA-binding proteins. One of these, AN1267 (HmbB), comprises one canonical HMG-box in its C-terminus and upstream of the canonical box two structurally related boxes, to be called Shadow-HMG-boxes.

Investigation of the antimicrobial effect of Neosartorya fischeri antifungal protein (NFAP) after heterologous expression in Aspergillus nidulans.

Neosartorya fischeri antifungal protein (NFAP) is a β-defensin-like peptide produced by the N. fischeri NRRL 181 isolate. In this study, we investigated the manifestation of the antimicrobial effect of NFAP via heterologous expression of the nfap gene in an NFAP-sensitive fungus, Aspergillus nidulans.