All Two-Loop Feynman Integrals for Five-Point One-Mass Scattering.

We compute the complete set of two-loop master integrals for the scattering of four massless particles and a massive one. Our results are ready for phenomenological applications, removing a major obstacle to the computation of complete next-to-next-to-leading order QCD corrections to processes such as the production of a H/Z/W boson in association with two jets at the LHC. Furthermore, they open the door to new investigations into the structure of quantum-field theories and provide precious analytic data for studying the mathematical properties of Feynman integrals.

Animal Fun: Supporting the motor development of Italian preschoolers.

The present literature supports the importance of physical activity from a very early age. However, there is a lack of information about evidence-based motor programs suitable for supporting preschoolers' development in Italy. The Animal Fun program, developed in Australia, might be a valuable tool to promote children's development.

Early factors associated with risk of developmental coordination disorder in very preterm children: A prospective area-based cohort study in Italy.

Background: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a motor disorder of unknown aetiology that may have long-term consequences on daily activities, and psychological and physical health. Studies investigating risk factors for DCD have so far provided inconsistent results.

Objectives: To assess, using a parent-report screening tool, risk of DCD in school-age very preterm children born in Italy, and investigate the associated early biomedical and sociodemographic factors.

Two-Loop QCD Corrections to Wbb[over ¯] Production at Hadron Colliders.

We present an analytic computation of the two-loop QCD corrections to ud[over ¯]→W^{+}bb[over ¯] for an on-shell W boson using the leading color and massless bottom quark approximations. We perform an integration-by-parts reduction of the unpolarized squared matrix element using finite field reconstruction techniques and identify an independent basis of special functions that allows an analytic subtraction of the infrared and ultraviolet poles. This basis is valid for all planar topologies for five-particle scattering with an off-shell leg.

All Master Integrals for Three-Jet Production at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order.

We evaluate analytically all previously unknown nonplanar master integrals for massless five-particle scattering at two loops, using the differential equations method. A canonical form of the differential equations is obtained by identifying integrals with constant leading singularities, in D space-time dimensions. These integrals evaluate to Q-linear combinations of multiple polylogarithms of uniform weight at each order in the expansion in the dimensional regularization parameter and are in agreement with previous conjectures for nonplanar pentagon functions.

Analytic Form of the Full Two-Loop Five-Gluon All-Plus Helicity Amplitude.

We compute the full-color two-loop five-gluon amplitude for the all-plus helicity configuration. In order to achieve this, we calculate the required master integrals for all permutations of the external legs, in the physical scattering region. We verify the expected divergence structure of the amplitude and extract the finite hard function.

Analytic Result for a Two-Loop Five-Particle Amplitude.

We compute the symbol of the full-color two-loop five-particle amplitude in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory, including all nonplanar subleading-color terms. The amplitude is written in terms of permutations of Parke-Taylor tree-level amplitudes and pure functions to all orders in the dimensional regularization parameter, in agreement with previous conjectures. The answer has the correct collinear limits and infrared factorization properties, allowing us to define a finite remainder function.

Risk of Developmental Coordination Disorder in Italian very preterm children at school age compared to general population controls.

Background: Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that involves difficulties in goal-directed motor coordination, with ineffective control of fine and gross motor movements in the absence of sensory impairment or neurological condition. DCD is frequently reported in children born very preterm (VP) who survive without CP.

Aims: To measure the risk of DCD at school age in a large area-based cohort of VP children and general population controls, adjusting for gender, birth weight by gestational age and age at assessment.

Relation between Motor and Cognitive Skills in Italian Basketball Players Aged between 7 and 10 Years Old.

There is evidence supporting a correlation between motor, attention and working memory in children. This present study focuses on children aged between 7 and 10 years, who have been playing basketball in the last two years. The aim of this study is to verify the correlation between cognitive and motor abilities and to understand the importance of this correlation in basketball practice.

An evaluation of the Movement ABC-2 Test for use in Italy: A comparison of data from Italy and the UK.

Background: The standardized test within the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2nd edition (MABC-2) is used worldwide to assess motor problems in children. Ideally, any country using a test developed in another country should produce national norms to ensure that it functions effectively in the new context.

Aim: The first objective of this study was to explore the differences in motor performance between Italian and British children.

Does infant negative emotionality moderate the effect of maternal depression on motor development?

Maternal depression represents an important social/environmental factor in early childhood; however, its effect on children's motor development may vary depending on the role of infants' dispositional variables. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the interaction between maternal depressive symptoms in the first two years of a child's life and the child's temperamental negative emotionality on motor development during this time. Using a cross-sectional study, we assessed 272 infants aged 0 to 24 months old and their mothers.

The origin of human handedness and its role in pre-birth motor control.

The vast majority of humans are right-handed, but how and when this bias emerges during human ontogenesis is still unclear. We propose an approach that explains postnatal handedness starting from 18 gestational weeks using a kinematic analysis of different fetal arm movements recorded during ultrasonography. Based on the hand dominance reported postnatally at age 9, the fetuses were classified as right-handed (86%) or left-handed, in line with population data.

How Do Maternal Subclinical Symptoms Influence Infant Motor Development during the First Year of Life?

An unavoidable reciprocal influence characterizes the mother-child dyad. Within this relationship, the presence of depression, somatization, hostility, paranoid ideation, and interpersonal sensitivity symptoms at a subclinical level and their possible input on infant motor competences has not been yet considered. Bearing in mind that motor abilities represent not only an indicator of the infant's health-status, but also the principal field to infer his/her needs, feelings and intentions, in this study the quality of infants' movements were assessed and analyzed in relationship with the maternal attitudes.

Colasposoma dauricum Mannerheim, 1849 an Asian species adventive to Piedmont, Italy (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae).

Colasposoma dauricum Mannerheim, 1849, a species native to the Eastern Asia, is newly found in Piedmont-Italy. This discovery constitutes the first report of the species from Europe, as well as its first report from outside the original area. The general habitus of the species, the distribution in Italy based on the current knowledge, ecological notes and a reference cox1 gene sequences are reported in the present note.

Music Training Increases Phonological Awareness and Reading Skills in Developmental Dyslexia: A Randomized Control Trial.

There is some evidence for a role of music training in boosting phonological awareness, word segmentation, working memory, as well as reading abilities in children with typical development. Poor performance in tasks requiring temporal processing, rhythm perception and sensorimotor synchronization seems to be a crucial factor underlying dyslexia in children. Interestingly, children with dyslexia show deficits in temporal processing, both in language and in music.

Rhythm perception and production predict reading abilities in developmental dyslexia.

Rhythm organizes events in time and plays a major role in music, but also in the phonology and prosody of a language. Interestingly, children with developmental dyslexia-a learning disability that affects reading acquisition despite normal intelligence and adequate education-have a poor rhythmic perception. It has been suggested that an accurate perception of rhythmical/metrical structure, that requires accurate perception of rise time, may be critical for phonological development and subsequent literacy.

The development of upper limb movements: from fetal to post-natal life.

Background: The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate how the kinematic organization of upper limb movements changes from fetal to post-natal life. By means of off-line kinematical techniques we compared the kinematics of hand-to-mouth and hand-to-eye movements, in the same individuals, during prenatal life and early postnatal life, as well as the kinematics of hand-to-mouth and reaching-toward-object movements in the later age periods.

Methodology/principal Findings: Movements recorded at the 14(th), 18(th) and 22(nd) week of gestation were compared with similar movements recorded in an ecological context at 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 12 months after birth.

Embryonic stem cell-derived CD166+ precursors develop into fully functional sinoatrial-like cells.

Rationale: A cell-based biological pacemaker is based on the differentiation of stem cells and the selection of a population displaying the molecular and functional properties of native sinoatrial node (SAN) cardiomyocytes. So far, such selection has been hampered by the lack of proper markers. CD166 is specifically but transiently expressed in the mouse heart tube and sinus venosus, the prospective SAN.

Neuromotor deficits in developmental coordination disorder: evidence from a reach-to-grasp task.

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) has been classified as a specific learning disability, nonetheless the underlying cognitive mechanisms are still a matter of discussion. After a summary of the main hypotheses on the principal neuromotor causes of DCD, this study applies a causal model framework to describe the possible coexistence of more than one deficit in this disorder. For this purpose, kinematic analysis was applied to an ecological task, the reach-to-grasp action, introducing the manipulation of three variables: vision, distance and object size.

Wired to be social: the ontogeny of human interaction.

Background: Newborns come into the world wired to socially interact. Is a propensity to socially oriented action already present before birth? Twin pregnancies provide a unique opportunity to investigate the social pre-wiring hypothesis. Although various types of inter-twins contact have been demonstrated starting from the 11(th) week of gestation, no study has so far investigated the critical question whether intra-pair contact is the result of motor planning rather then the accidental outcome of spatial proximity.

A comparison of the reach-to-grasp movement between children and adults: a kinematic study.

In this study, the reach-to-grasp movement of 5-year-old children was compared to that of adults. Participants were required to reach out and grasp objects, with and without on-line visual feedback. Object size and distance were covaried in a within-subjects design and it was found that for both groups, grip formation and reach kinematics were affected by the manipulation of either variable.

Evidence of early development of action planning in the human foetus: a kinematic study.

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether foetal hand movements are planned and how they are executed. We performed a kinematic analysis of hand movements directed towards the mouth and the eyes in the foetuses of eight women with normally evolving pregnancies. At 14, 18 and 22 weeks of gestation, eight foetuses underwent a 20-min four-dimensional-ultrasound session.

Reaching in children with and without developmental coordination disorder under normal and perturbed vision.

The aim of this study is to describe the reaching action of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and to investigate whether their use of visual feedback during the time course of this action differs from that of normally developing children. Fifty-two children subdivided into 2 age bands (7-8 and 9-10 years) within 2 groups (with and without DCD) participated in this experiment. They were asked to reach for a target positioned either ipsilaterally or contralaterally to the reaching hand in 2 visual conditions: a condition where vision was unrestrained (normal vision) and a condition where they wore glasses with prismatic lenses (perturbed vision).

Praxic skills in down and mentally retarded adults: evidence for multiple action routes.

Functional relationships between praxic performance and visual recognition ability of mentally retarded adults are discussed, in an attempt to integrate findings from developmental disorders of action with those described in the adult literature. Three groups of participants took part in the study: adults with Down's syndrome (D), Mentally Retarded adults (MR), and mental age-matched controls (C). Three experiments were conducted.