Right Thoracoscopic Excision of an Esophageal Bronchogenic Cyst.

Bronchogenic cysts, first described in 1859, are rare congenital cystic malformations of the respiratory tract, with an incidence of one per 42,000-68,000 hospital admissions in one hospital series. They comprise 10-15% of mediastinal tumors and between 50% and 60% of mediastinal cystic lesions. Its clinical diagnosis is often challenging due to the absence of distinct imaging features.

Laparoscopic Transduodenal Ampullectomy for a High-Grade Dysplasia Tumor.

Ampullary tumors occur rarely, and the only curative treatment is resection. The endoscopic approach is the most well-known and common treatment of choice. Open surgical resection is the usual treatment of choice in cases of unsuccessful endoscopic resection and big tumors.

Laparoscopic Treatment of a Symptomatic Young Woman With Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome.

Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS), also known as Dunbar syndrome, celiac axis syndrome, or celiac artery compression syndrome, is caused by a band of tissue called the median arcuate ligament that compresses the celiac artery and sometimes the celiac plexus too. MALS does not always cause symptoms, but when symptoms occur, surgery is the treatment of choice. This case report focuses on the case of a 27-year-old woman presenting with postprandial episodes of abdominal pain and vomiting accompanied by loss of weight, which was found to be MALS.

Knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the spleen throughout Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages.

The evolution of knowledge regarding the anatomy and physiology of the spleen throughout Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages is described, and general perceptions about this organ during different eras along this time line are presented. The original words of great physicians from the period of time stretching from Ancient Egypt to the Avicennan era are quoted and discussed to demonstrate how knowledge of the spleen has evolved and to present the theories that dominated each era. Furthermore, theories about illnesses relating to the spleen are reported, which show how this organ was perceived-in terms of its function and anatomy-during each era.

Bilateral Osseous Interclinoid Bridges Associated with Foramina of Vesalius: A Case Report.

The current study displays a very rare combination of ossified interclinoid ligaments at the sella turcica region associated with bilateral foramina of Vesalius. In a macerated skull four osseous bars interconnecting the clinoid processes bilaterally were detected. Specifically, two bilateral osseous bars were observed bridging the gap between the anterior and middle clinoid processes forming the so called caroticoclinoid foramen on each side and two additional osseous bridges linked the anterior and posterior clinoid processes, bilaterally.

Accessory branch of median nerve supplying the brachialis muscle: a case report and clinical significance.

A very rare case of an accessory branch of the median nerve taking its origin in the region of the right arm was observed to supply the infero-medial portion of the brachialis muscle in a male cadaver. Simultaneously, the ipsilateral musculocutaneous nerve was innervating the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm. Such an aberrant muscular branch of the median nerve for the brachialis muscle is very rarely reported in the literature.