In vitro naive CD4 T cell differentiation upon treatment with miR-29b-loaded exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: Gene regulation by microRNA (miRNA) is central in T lymphocytes differentiation processes. Here, we investigate miRNA-29b (miR-29b) roles in the reprogramming of T cell differentiation, which can be a promising therapeutic avenue for various types of inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.

Methods And Results: Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived exosomes (AMSC-Exo) enriched with miR-29b were delivered into naive CD4 T (nCD4) cells.

Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes loaded with miR-10a promote the differentiation of Th17 and Treg from naive CD4 T cell.

Aims: The balance between various CD4 T cell subsets through highly regulated differentiation of naïve T cells is critical to ensure proper immune response, disruption of which may cause autoimmunity and cancers. miR-10a has been reported to regulate the fate of naïve T cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived exosomes are known effective immunomodulators and ideal vehicles for delivery of microRNAs.

Inhibition of miR-34a reduces cellular senescence in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells through the activation of SIRT1.

Aims: Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) as the most promising target for cell therapy and regenerative medicine, face senescence as a major drawback resulting in their limited proliferation and differentiation potentials. To evaluate the efficacy of miR-34a silencing as an anti-senescence strategy in hAD-MSCs, in this study common hallmarks of senescence were assessed after transient inhibition of miR-34a in hAD-MSCs.

Materials And Methods: The expression levels of miR-34a in hAD-MSCs at different passages were evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR.

A novel natural antisense transcript at human SOX9 locus is down-regulated in cancer and stem cells.

Objective: SOX9 is a key transcription factor with important roles in regulating proliferation and differentiation of various cell types. Dysregulation of SOX9 expression has been involved with pathogenesis of different developmental, degenerative, and neoplastic disorders. Natural antisense transcripts (NATs) are long non-coding RNAs with increasing significance in regulation of gene expression.

Rn7SK small nuclear RNA is involved in cellular senescence.

Rn7SK is a conserved small nuclear noncoding RNA which its function in aging has not been studied. Recently, we have demonstrated that Rn7SK overexpression reduces cell viability and is significantly downregulated in stem cells, human tumor tissues, and cell lines. In this study, we analyzed the role of Rn7SK on senescence in adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs).

A simple and highly efficient method for transduction of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into a wide range of cell types and provide a potential to transfer therapeutic protein in vivo, making them valuable candidates for gene therapy and cell therapy. However, using MSCs in in vivo is limited due to the low rate of transfection and transduction efficacy. Therefore, developing methods to efficiently transfer genes into MSCs would provide a number of opportunities for using them in the clinic.

Effect of efferocytosis of apoptotic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on C57BL/6 peritoneal macrophages function.

Phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells (Efferocytosis) could affect the polarization of macrophages and promote M2 anti-inflammatory and regulatory phenotype and function. Here we tested the hypothesis that efferocytosis of apoptotic Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-MSCs) promotes macrophage M2 polarization. In this study, Macrophages were incubated with apoptotic MSCs and after 48 h interleukin-10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-alpha (TNFα), and nitric oxide (NO) production were measured.

Cell type-dependent functions of microRNA-92a.

The role of miR-17/92 family in development and progression of various cancers has been established. The members of this miRNA family have been shown to be over expressed and target various genes within proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis pathways. Although all members might be overexpressed in a certain cancer type, only certain members of the family may have roles in progression of that cancer.