Evaluation of intratracheal salbutamol effects in addition to surfactant in the clinical course of premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: In addition to surfactant deficiency, secretion of fluid from blood to the lungs and increase in the fluid content of the lung play significant roles in the pathogenesis of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of salbutamol (a beta-agonist) on fluid clearance from the lungs in neonates with RDS.

Materials And Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial included 82 neonates with RDS admitted to the neonatal intensive care units of Alzahra and Shahid Beheshti Hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Science from 2017 to 2018.

Premedication with intravenous midazolam for neonatal endotracheal intubation: A double blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: Pain during the neonatal period has been associated with immediate and long-term adverse effects. One of the most frequent painful procedures that neonates face in neonatal intensive care unit is the endotracheal intubation. Midazolam has been a candidate for premedication before neonatal intubation.

Relationship between parent-infant attachment and parental satisfaction with supportive nursing care.

Background: Parent-infant attachment is an important factor in accepting parenting role, accelerating infant survival, and adjusting to the environment outside the uterus. Since family supportive interventions can strengthen the parent-infant caring relationship, this study sought to investigate the relationship between mother-infant attachment and satisfaction of the mothers with the supportive nursing care received in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Materials And Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, 210 mothers with premature infants who were hospitalized in the NICUs affiliated to Isfahan Medical University hospitals took part.

The effect of melody on the physiological responses of heel sticks pain in neonates.

Background: During health care in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), infants undergo extremely painful procedures, which may cause problems, if not controlled, such as changes in the pattern of respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation. The present study aimed to find the effect of melody on the physiological responses of neonates' heel stick pain.

Materials And Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Alzahra Hospital (Isfahan, Iran) for 5 months.

Compilation of the neonatal palliative care clinical guideline in neonatal intensive care unit.

Background: Clinical guidelines are important instruments for increasing the quality of clinical practice in the treatment team. Compilation of clinical guidelines is important due to special condition of the neonates and the nurses facing critical conditions in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). With 98% of neonatal deaths occurring in NICUs in the hospitals, it is important to pay attention to this issue.

High flow nasal cannula as a method for rapid weaning from nasal continuous positive airway pressure.

Background: To compare two methods of weaning premature infants from nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP).

Methods: Between March and November 2012, 88 preterm infants who were stable on NCPAP of 5 cmH2O with FIO2 <30% for a minimum of 6 h were randomly allocated to one of two groups. The high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) group received HFNC with flow of 2 L/min and FIO2 = 0.

Initial Treatment of Respiratory Distress Syndrome with Nasal Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation versus Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants who survived and its complications are a common problem. Due to high morbidity and mechanical ventilation (MV) nowadays researchers in interested minimizing MV. To determine, in very low birth weight (BW) preterm neonates with RDS, if initial treatment with nasal intermittent mandatory ventilation (early NIMV) compared with early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (early NCPAP) obtains more favorable outcomes in terms of the duration of treatment, and the need for endotracheal tube ventilation.

Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation or conventional mechanical ventilation for neonatal continuous positive airway pressure failure.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the success rate of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) for treatment of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) failure and prevention of conventional ventilation (CV) in preterm neonates.

Methods: Since November 2012 to April 2013, a total number of 55 consecutive newborns with gestational ages of 26-35 weeks who had CPAP failure were randomly assigned to one of the two groups. The NIPPV group received NIPPV with the initial peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) of 16-20 cmH2O and frequency of 40-60 breaths/min.

Prophylactic aminophylline for prevention of apnea at higher-risk preterm neonates.

Background: A few studies have been carried on preventive drugs for apnea of preterm neonates.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the safety and prophylactic effects of aminophylline on the incidence of apnea in premature neonates.

Patients And Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial (RCT) research.

The effect of kangaroo mother care on mental health of mothers with low birth weight infants.

Background: The mothers of premature infants are at risk of psychological stress because of separation from their infants. One of the methods influencing the maternal mental health in the postpartum period is kangaroo mother care (KMC). This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of KMC of low birth weight infants on their maternal mental health.

Suprapubic Bladder Aspiration or Urethral Catheterization: Which is More Painful in Uncircumcised Male Newborns?

Background: The aim was to compare the intensity of pain caused by suprapubic aspiration (SPA) and urethral catheterization for urine sampling in premature infants.

Methods: A prospective randomized controlled design with 80 premature infants in Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan, Iran was conducted. Premature newborns who needed urine samples for microbiologic analysis were randomly assigned into two groups: SPA group and urethral catheterization group.

Reducing the incidence of chronic lung disease in very premature infants with aminophylline.

Background: The objective of this study is to assess the safety and preventative effects of aminophylline on the incidence of chronic lung disease (CLD) in very premature infants.

Methods: This was a long follow-up randomized clinical trial. The prophylactic effect of aminophylline on the incidence of CLD was investigated in very premature infants.

Cobedding of twin premature infants: calming effects on pain responses.

Background: The purpose of this trial was to determine whether cobedding of preterm twins has analgesic effects during heel lancing or not.

Methods: One hundred premature twins (50 sets) born between 26 weeks' and 34 weeks' gestation undergoing heel blood sampling were randomly assigned into two groups: the cobedding group (receiving care in the same incubator) and the standard care group (receiving care in separate incubators). Pain was assessed using the premature infant pain profile score.

Factors affecting infant's transition from neonatal intensive care unit to home: A qualitative study.

Background: The infants, hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), engage with problems from admission to discharge, exploring of which ensures their safe transition. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence infant's transition from the NICU to home.

Materials And Methods: A qualitative study was used for identifying the factors that affect infant's transition.

Early versus delayed initiation of nasal continuous positive airway pressure for treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in premature newborns: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: This prospective study was performed to identify whether the early use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (n CPAP) would reduce the rate of endotracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation and surfactant administration.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted from June 2009 to September 2010 in the Shahid Beheshti University Hospital, Isfahan-Iran. A total of 72 preterm infants with 25-30 weeks gestation who needed respiratory support at 5 min after birth entered the study.

Mothers' experiences of infants discharge in Iranian NICU culture: a qualitative study.

Purpose: This study examined mothers' experiences of the preparation of their infants for discharge in the Iranian neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) culture.

Subjects And Setting: Participants included 16 mothers who had preterm infants who were hospitalized in Iranian NICUs.

Design: A qualitative study was used to describe mothers' experiences of infant discharge from the NICU.

The calming effect of maternal breast milk odor on premature infants.

Background: To compare the effectiveness of maternal breast milk odor and formula milk odor in soothing premature infants undergoing heel lancing.

Materials And Methods: Fifty preterm infants born between 32 weeks and 37 weeks gestation were randomly assigned into two groups. During heel lancing, we used formula milk odor for the first group and breast milk odor for the second group.

Remifentanil for endotracheal intubation in premature infants: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Endotracheal intubation is a common procedure in neonatal care. The objective of this study was to determine whether the premedication with remifentanil before intubation has analgesic effects in newborn infants.

Methods: A total of 40 premature infants who needed endotracheal intubation for intubation-surfactant-extubation method were randomly assigned in two groups of an equal number at two university hospitals.

Professional's Efforts to Simultaneously Discharge Infants and Mother from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Iran: A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: Discharge rate of surviving infants from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) has recently increased dramatically. It is deemed to have a discharge plan with the aim of decreasing rehospitalization, morbidity, and mortality. The aim of this study was to explore and describe the professionals' efforts toward discharging the infants and their mothers from NICU.

Resuscitation of preterm newborns with low concentration oxygen versus high concentration oxygen.

Objective: It is well known that a brief exposure to 100% oxygen for only a few minutes could be toxic for a preterm infant. The effectiveness of neonatal resuscitation was compared with low concentration oxygen (30%) and high concentration oxygen (HOG) (100%).

Methods: Thirty-two preterm neonates were born in Isfahan Shahid Beheshti hospital with gestational age of 29-34 weeks who required resuscitation were randomized into two groups.

Diagnostic usefulness of transcutaneous bilirubinometry in very preterm newborns.

Background: This study was performed to find out whether transcutaneous bilirubinometry could be a valid screening method for hyperbilirubinemia in preterm infants, especially for those who needed mechanical ventilation.

Methods: We evaluated 63 preterm Iranian newborns who were managed in the neonatal intensive care unit of Shahidbeheshti University Hospital, Isfahan, Iran from April 2009 to April 2010. Transcutaneous bilirubin (TCB) measurements were obtained using BiliCheck(™) shortly before or 10 minutes after taking blood for determination of the plasma bilirubin level in premature newborns, who did not receive phototherapy.

Effects of high dose orally administered paracetamol for heel prick pain in premature infants.

Objective: To evaluate whether high dose paracetamol (40 mg/kg orally) relieves pain in premature infants.

Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial analyzing the effect of high dose oral paracetamol on pain response due to heel prick in 72 premature infants treated in the neonatal intensive care unit of Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan, Iran during the period of April 2007 to August 2007. Ninety minutes before the heel prick, neonates received paracetamol orally in a dose of 40 mg/kg (Group 1) or an equal volume of placebo (Group 2).

Cord blood lipid profile in a population of Iranian term newborns.

Premature coronary artery disease (CAD) and its risk factors are highly prevalent in Iran. It is well documented that atherosclerosis starts in childhood and there is evidence that this association with adult levels may originate at birth, so assessment of serum lipid levels in neonates might be of importance. In this study we aimed to measure serum lipoprotein and apolipoprotein levels in a representative sample of Iranian newborns.

Comparison of oral ibuprofen and indomethacin therapy for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants.

Objective: Intravenous indomethacin is the conventional treatment for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants; however its use is associated with various side effects such as oliguria, gastrointestinal bleeding and reduction of cerebral perfusion. Intravenous ibuprofen has recently been used to treat PDA in preterm infants without reducing cerebral blood flow or affecting intestinal or renal hemodynamics. Intravenous forms of indomethacin and ibuprofen are not available in Iran.

Cord blood lipid profile and associated factors: baseline data of a birth cohort study.

The cord blood lipid profile may be associated with lifelong changes in the metabolic functions of the individual. The aim of the present study was for the first time in Iran to assess the cord blood lipid profile of neonates, as well as some of its environmental influencing factors. The subjects were 442 (218 boys and 224 girls) normal vaginal delivery newborns.