End-Stage Renal Disease in a Patient With Schmidt's Syndrome: A Case Report.

Schmidt's syndrome constitutes Addison's disease in conjunction with autoimmune hypothyroidism or type 1 diabetes mellitus. It has misleading symptomology and an unclear order of presentation of symptoms. This often results in missed and late diagnosis.

Formulation of nano-graphene doped with nano silver modified dentin bonding agents with enhanced interfacial stability and antibiofilm properties.

Objective: The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize reduced nano graphene oxide (RGO) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) doped with silver nanoparticles (nAg) and to prepare an experimental dentin adhesive modified with RGO/nAg and GNP/nAg nanofillers for studying various biological and mechanical properties after bonding to tooth dentin.

Methods: Nanoparticles were characterized for their morphology and chemical structure using electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. Experimental dentin adhesive was modified using two weight percentage (0.

Effect of post-curing light exposure time on the physico-mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of 3D-printed denture base material.

Objective: This study investigated the effect of post curing light exposure time on the physico-mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of a 3D-printed PMMA-based denture material in comparison to a conventional heat-cured alternative as a control.

Methods: 3D-printed specimens were fabricated followed by post-curing for 0, 5, 10 or 20 min at 200 W and light wavelength range of 390-540 nm. Heat-cured specimens were fabricated using a standard protocol.

Silanization of nanographene platelets improves interaction with the dentin bonding resin matrix and enhances interfacial bond integrity to dentin.

This study synthesized and characterized graphene nanoplatelets silanized with 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MPS-GNP) for morphological and chemical characteristics. In addition, we modified a dentin bonding agent using different concentrations of MPS-GNP to study its interaction within the resin matrix of the adhesive, degree of conversion (DC), biological, and mechanical properties after bonding to tooth. Both 0.

Characterization of multiscale interactions between high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and tooth dentin: the effect on matrix-metalloproteinases, bacterial biofilms and biological properties.

The aim of this study was to characterize multiscale interactions between high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and dentin collagen and associated matrix-metalloproteinases, in addition to the analysis of the effect of HIFU on bacterial biofilms and biological properties. Dentin specimens were subjected to 5, 10 or 20 s HIFU. XPS spectra were acquired and TEM was performed on dentin slabs.

Longitudinal evaluation of clinical, spectral and tissue degradation biomarkers in progression of periodontitis among cigarette and electronic cigarette smokers.

Objectives: To longitudinally evaluate the periodontal parameters and MMP-8 and CTX (C-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type I collagen) levels from diseased and healthy sites from cigarette and electronic cigarette (e-cig) smokers and characterize the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples using Raman spectroscopy In addition, to longitudinally determine if MMP-8 and CTX are predictive factors for attachment loss in periodontitis sites.

Methods: Sixty periodontally healthy and 60 periodontitis/diseased sites from 30 e-cig and 30 cigarette smokers were monitored at baseline, 3 months, and 6-months. GCF was sampled to study the MMP-8 and CTX concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Development of 3D printed resin reinforced with modified ZrO nanoparticles for long-term provisional dental restorations.

Objective: To characterize and investigate efficacy of loading functionalized ZrO nanoparticles in 3-dimensional (3D) printed acrylate ester-based resin subjected to accelerated aging in artificial saliva. As well as to evaluate the effect of ZrO nanoparticle volume fraction addition on mechanical and physical properties of printed composite.

Methods: Functionalized ZrO nanoparticles were characterized using TEM and Raman spectroscopy.

Formulation of pH-sensitive chlorhexidine-loaded/mesoporous silica nanoparticles modified experimental dentin adhesive.

We formulated a pH-sensitive chlorhexidine-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) modified with poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (CHX-loaded/MSN-PLGA) and incorporated into experimental resin-based dentin adhesives at 5 and 10 wt%. Nanocarriers were characterized in terms of morphology, physicochemical features, spectral analyses, drug-release kinetics at varying pH and its effect on dentin-bound proteases was investigated. The modified dentin adhesives were characterized for cytotoxicity, antimicrobial activity, degree of conversion (DC) along with CHX release, micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) and nano-leakage expression were studied at different pH values and storage time.

pH-dependent delivery of chlorhexidine from PGA grafted mesoporous silica nanoparticles at resin-dentin interface.

Background: A low pH environment is created due to the production of acids by oral biofilms that further leads to the dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystal in the tooth structure significantly altering the equilibrium. Although the overall bacterial counts may not be eradicated from the oral cavity, however, synthesis of engineered anti-bacterial materials are warranted to reduce the pathogenic impact of the oral biofilms. The purpose of this study was to synthesize and characterize chlorhexidine (CHX)-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) grafted with poly-L-glycolic acid (PGA) and to test the in vitro drug release in various pH environments, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial capacity.

Multiscale in-vitro analysis of photo-activated riboflavin incorporated in an experimental universal adhesive.

Objective: To investigate the effect of blue light photoactivated riboflavin modified universal adhesives on dentin collagen biodegradation resistance, dentin apparent elastic modulus, and resin-dentin bond strength with interfacial morphology.

Methods: Dentin slabs were treated with 0.1% riboflavin-5-phosphate modified (powder added slowly while shaking and then sonicated to enhance the dispersion process) Universal Adhesive Scotch Bond and Zipbond™ along with control (non-modified) and experimental adhesives, photoactivated with blue light for 20s.

Effect of statins on orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review of animal and clinical studies.

Objective: The objective was to systematically-review the effect of statin drugs on orthodontic-tooth-movement (OTM).

Design: The focused-question was "Does statin therapy affect OTM?" PubMed, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched without time and language restrictions using different key words. Studies assessing the effect of adjunctive statin administration on OTM compared with orthodontic treatment alone were included.

Influence of increased body mass index on orthodontic tooth movement and related parameters in children and adolescents: A systematic review of longitudinal controlled clinical studies.

Objectives: To assess the impact of increased body mass index (BMI) on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and related parameters in children and adolescents.

Search Sources: A search of six electronic databases and manual searching were performed up to June 2019 without language and time restrictions.

Data Selection: Eligibility criteria were as follows: (1) longitudinal controlled clinical studies; (2) children and adolescents undergoing orthodontic therapy (OT); (3) no systemic diseases; (4) experimental group: patients with increased BMI; and (5) control group: patients with normal BMI.

Levels of advanced glycation end products in gingival crevicular fluid of chronic periodontitis patients with and without type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: It is hypothesized that levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are higher in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic periodontitis (CP) patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (type-2 DM) than controls (systemically healthy individuals without CP. The aim was to assess the levels of AGEs in the GCF of CP patients with and without type-2 DM.

Methods: Participants were divided into three groups as follows.

Clinical efficacy of photodynamic therapy and laser irradiation as an adjunct to open flap debridement in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analyses was to assess the quality of evidence and efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and laser irradiation (LI) as an adjunct to open flap debridement (OFD) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Methods: Electronic searches were conducted in databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register databases) up to March 2019. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing clinical efficacy of either aPDT and/or LI, placebo, or no treatment were included.

Cytokine levels and their role in the etiopathogenesis of Burning Mouth Syndrome: A systematic review.

Introduction: Burning Mouth Syndrome is characterized by variable symptoms that include pain, burning and paraguesia in an otherwise healthy-appearing oral mucosa. Although the etiopathogenesis of Burning Mouth Syndrome is unknown, some studies provide evidence of subclinical inflammation leading to disrupted cytokine levels.

Aim: To investigate the expression of cytokines and role in the etiopathogenesis of Burning Mouth Syndrome.

Efficacy of mechanical debridement with adjunctive probiotic therapy in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis in cigarette-smokers and never-smokers.

Background: Efficacy of mechanical debridement (MD) with adjunctive probiotic therapy (PT) in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis (PiM) in cigarette-smoking and never-smoking subjects remains uninvestigated.

Purpose: The aim was to assess the efficacy of MD with adjunctive PT in the treatment of PiM in cigarette-smoking and never-smoking individuals.

Materials And Methods: Patients with (group I) and without PiM (group II) were included.

Clinical efficacy of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among cigarette smokers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of adjunctive photodynamic therapy (PDT) as compared to scaling and root planing (SRP) alone in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among cigarette smokers.

Methods: Electronic databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to January 2019. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with data on comparison between adjunctive PDT compared to SRP in each group were included.

Clinical and radiographic peri-implant outcomes of short dental implants placed in posterior jaws of patients with treated generalized aggressive periodontitis: A 3-year follow-up study.

Background: Studies assessing clinical and radiographic peri-implant parameters around short dental implants (SDIs) in treated generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) patients are scant.

Objectives: This 3-year follow-up study aimed to compare the clinical peri-implant and radiographic bone status around SDIs placed in partially edentulous patients treated for GAgP and periodontally healthy patients and to assess the implant success rate between both the groups.

Materials And Methods: A total of seven patients clinically diagnosed with GAgP and seven periodontally healthy patients was included in the clinical study.

Current weight of evidence of viruses associated with peri-implantitis and peri-implant health: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The pathological role of human herpesviruses (HHVs) (Epstein-Barr virus [EBV], Human cytomegalovirus [CMV], and Herpes simplex virus [HSV]) in peri-implant health needs clarification quantitatively. To determine the weight of evidence for HHVs in patients with peri-implantitis (PI) and substantiate the significance of HHVs in peri-implant inflammation, electronic databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from 1964 up to and including November 2018. Meta-analyses were conducted for prevalence of HHVs in PI and healthy controls.

Effect of waterpipe smoking on peri-implant health: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim of the present review was to evaluate the effect of waterpipe smoking (WS) on clinical peri-implant inflammatory parameters compared to non-smokers (NS) with dental implants. Literature searches were performed using bibliographic databases up to May 2018. Primary outcomes included peri-implant bone loss (PIBL), while secondary outcomes were probing depth (PD), plaque index, and bleeding on probing.

Influence of low-level laser therapy on orthodontically-induced inflammatory root resorption. A systematic review.

Objective: The aim was to assess the influence of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on orthodontically-induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR).

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in indexed databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The eligibility criteria were as follows: (a) original clinical and animal/experimental studies; (b) prospective studies; (c) intervention: effect of LLLT on OIIRR; (d) control group (OIIRR without LLLT); (e) statistical analysis; and (f) tomographic or histologic assessment of OIIRR.

Differential expression of salivary S100A7 in oral submucous fibrosis.

Aim: To investigate the expression of salivary S100A7 levels among patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and healthy controls.

Method: A total number of 60 participants were included in the study (30 OSF cases and 30 healthy controls). Demographic data was collected using a structured baseline questionnaire.

Effect of local probiotic (Lactobacillus reuteri) vs systemic antibiotic therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in chronic periodontitis.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess and compare the clinical efficacy of local probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) and systemic antibiotics as adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis (CP).

Methods: Thirty systemically-healthy participants (15 probiotic and 15 antibiotic), clinically diagnosed with CP, were enrolled.