Metformin use history and genome-wide DNA methylation profile: potential molecular mechanism for aging and longevity.

Background: Metformin, a commonly prescribed anti-diabetic medication, has repeatedly been shown to hinder aging in pre-clinical models and to be associated with lower mortality for humans. It is, however, not well understood how metformin can potentially prolong lifespan from a biological standpoint. We hypothesized that metformin's potential mechanism of action for longevity is through its epigenetic modifications.

Evaluation of point-of-care thumb-size bispectral electroencephalography device to quantify delirium severity and predict mortality.

Background: We have developed the bispectral electroencephalography (BSEEG) method for detection of delirium and prediction of poor outcomes.

Aims: To improve the BSEEG method by introducing a new EEG device.

Method: In a prospective cohort study, EEG data were obtained and BSEEG scores were calculated.

DNA methylation in the TNF-alpha gene decreases along with aging among delirium inpatients.

It has been suggested that aging and inflammation play key roles in the development of delirium. In the present study, we investigated the differences of the DNAm patterns in the TNF gene between patients with delirium and without. The data and samples derived from previous and ongoing cohort studies were analyzed.

New Cutoff Scores for Delirium Screening Tools to Predict Patient Mortality.

Background/objectives: Detecting delirium is important to identify patients with a high risk of poor outcomes. Although many different kinds of screening instruments for delirium exist, there is no solid consensus about which methods are the most effective. In addition, it is important to find the most useful tools in predicting outcomes such as mortality.