Outcomes of children with severe diabetic ketoacidosis managed outside of a pediatric intensive care unit.

Objectives: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening complication of type 1 diabetes. Our objective was to determine if children with severe DKA without alteration in mental status can be managed safely on a general children's medical unit.

Methods: Single center retrospective study of 191 patient encounters among 168 children admitted to the children's medical unit (CMU) at Primary Children's Hospital between 2007 and 2017 with severe DKA (pH <7.

A biopsychosocial perspective on the experience of lung cancer.

This article examines the effects of an individual's smoking status (current, former, or never-smoker) on the biological, social, and psychological aspects of lung cancer. Current and never-smokers differ in their biological risk factors, responses to treatment, and survival rate. In partial contrast, smoking status does not affect the major social aspect of the disease.