Publications by authors named "Zoe Livingstone"
Article Synopsis
- - The study presents sodium magnesiate as an effective precatalyst for guanylation reactions involving anilines and secondary amines with carbodiimides, achieving greater catalytic efficiency than its individual metal components.
- - It introduces the first examples of using a magnesium catalyst for the hydrophosphination of carbodiimides and identifies guanidinate and magnesiate amido complexes as intermediates in these reactions.
- - Kinetic analysis reveals that the guanylation process follows a specific rate law and suggests that the rate-determining step involves an amine-assisted transition state, indicating sodium has a minimal role in the overall reaction.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the reactivity of sodium butyl-magnesiate supported by a bulky chelating ligand towards Quinoxaline, revealing its capacity to promote single-electron transfer (SET) processes.
- The reaction results in the formation of a complex containing two quinoxalyl radical anions stabilized within a dimeric framework, with structural insights obtained through NMR, EPR, and DFT calculations.
- Further experiments show that different ligands influence the reactivity, with a modification of the original reagent leading to selective reactions with Quinoxaline, indicating the importance of the steric stabilizer for effective reduction.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the reactivity of a specific sodium butylmagnesiate reagent, revealing its effectiveness in facilitating direct magnesium-hydrogen exchange reactions with various amines and heterocycles.
- It demonstrates that this bimetallic base can convert N-methylbenzimidazole into a α-metallated intermediate under mild conditions, while also highlighting its polybasic properties through reactions with different amines to form several new crystalline compounds.
- Crystallographic and NMR data suggest that the metallated carbon in the derived compounds exhibits significant carbenic character, and the results indicate distinct structural differences between similar heteroleptic bis(amido) products formed during these reactions.
Article Synopsis
- Mixed-metal reagents, specifically [NaMg(CH2SiMe3)3] (1) and [(THF)NaMg(NPh2)3(THF)] [3-(THF)(2)], can function as precatalysts in chemical reactions.
- These precatalysts facilitate hydroamination and trimerization of isocyanates (RNCO), a type of compound containing the isocyanate functional group.
- The effectiveness of these reactions is influenced by the steric bulk of the substituent (R) attached to the isocyanate.
Ligand domin(o)ated: In contrast to the straightforward deprotonation of benzothiazole using Grignard reagents, treatment of benzothiazole with 1 leads to a novel type of activation. The initial magnesiation initiates an unstoppable domino reaction of C-C coupling, ring opening, nucleophilic addition, and deprotonation to give 2. THF=tetrahydrofuran.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA systematic study of the stoichiometric alkylation reactions of 2,2,2-trifluoroacetophenone 1 with [ZnR(2)(TMEDA)] (R= Me, Et, (t)Bu, CH(2)SiMe(3); TMEDA= N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine) monitored by (1)H and (19)F NMR spectroscopy is presented. For R = Me, Et the alkylation products alkyl(alkoxides) [(TMEDA)Zn(R){OC(CF(3))(R)Ph}] (R = Me, 2: Et, 3) are obtained as the single products of the reaction. When the steric bulk of the dialkylzinc reagent is increased the alkylation reaction is inhibited.
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