Purpose Of Review: The evaluation and selection process of similarly qualified applicants for surgical residency positions in the United States (US) is challenging. Technical aptitude assessments may provide an opportunity to improve the selection process by offering insight into a candidate's technical skills. The use of these assessments prompts consideration of the degree to which technical aptitude in surgery is innate versus acquired.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding the management of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is important given the prevalence of the condition, associated risks in certain patient populations, and the risks associated with inappropriate antibiotic administration. Generally, screening and treatment is only recommended in pregnant women and in those undergoing urologic procedures that will violate the urothelium. Knowing the appropriate time to screen and treat ASB is critical for managing high-risk patients and preventing the growth of antibiotic resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is an MRI modality used to non-invasively measure iron content in the brain. Iron exhibits a specific anatomically varying pattern of accumulation in the brain across individuals. The highest regions of accumulation are the deep grey nuclei, where iron is stored in paramagnetic molecule ferritin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Obstet Gynecol Scand
May 2024
Introduction: As maternal age during pregnancy is rising all over the world, there is a growing need for prognostic factors that determine maternal and perinatal outcomes in older women.
Material And Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study of women aged 40 years or older at the time of delivery in four Santeon hospitals across the Netherlands between January 2016 and December 2019. Outcomes were compared between women of 40-44 years (advanced maternal age) and 45 years and older (very advanced maternal age).
More approaches to support weight control are needed, especially among racial minorities who shoulder a disproportionate obesity burden. Using an approach influenced by regulatory fit theory, we conducted a 28-day, 4-arm experimental trial with 89 obese adults recruited from urban, predominantly African American churches to ascertain the efficacy of framed text messages to motivate behaviors conducive to weight loss. Participants were assigned to receive message framing that was matched versus mismatched to their motivational orientation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroRNAs have emerged as important post-translational regulators of gene expression and are involved in several physiological and pathological states including the pathogenesis of human colon cancers. In regards to tumor development, microRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Two hereditary predispositions (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIs it possible for students in different courses, at different academic levels, and at different universities to learn immunology together using the Internet? We teach a colloquium on inflammation for undergraduates at the University of Arizona and a lecture course on human immunology for graduate students and clinical and basic science fellows at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus. Students in these programs, being scattered about large campuses, have little time for student-directed discussion and peer interactions, and they never have the opportunity to meet students in the course in the other state. Instead of requiring the usual essays and term papers, we set up a blog (an online discussion group) for the two courses, and required all students to post, and comment on other posts, within and between the courses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: We tested the hypothesis that both chronic and acute inflammatory processes contribute to worse reperfusion injury and stroke outcome in an experimental model of T2DM.
Materials And Methods: Twelve- to thirteen-week-old male Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats vs. Zucker Lean Controls (ZLC) rats were tested at baseline and after middle cerebral artery occlusion (ischemia) and reperfusion (I-R).
Aims: Type 2 diabetes in humans is associated with hypercoaguability; however, little is known about platelet function in mouse models of type 2 diabetes used to study this disorder. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine platelet aggregation, coagulation, and markers of platelet activation in a diet-induced mouse model of type 2 diabetes.
Methods: Four week old, male, C57BL/6J mice were randomized to a standard chow or high fat (60% beef lard) diet for 4 months.
The role of caspases in platelet function is not well understood. When platelets are activated, they express phosphatidylserine on the outer plasma membrane, form platelet microparticles, and aggregate (Pag). The aims of this study were to determine if caspases play a role in the platelet activation seen in type 2 diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApoptosis of nucleated cells is regulated by caspases, a group of cysteine proteases, and is characterized by phosphatidylserine expression on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Reports indicate that platelets contain caspases. However, the role of caspases in platelet function is not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Neutrophil adhesion molecule CD11b and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are neutrophil activation markers for evaluating the functional activity of neutrophils. The aim of this study was to determine if neutrophils are activated in murine AIDS and/or chronic ethanol consumption and if neutrophil CD11b expression and ROS production vary when progressive retrovirus infection occurs.
Methods: Four groups were studied: control, murine AIDS, ethanol and ethanol plus murine AIDS.
Diabetics suffer from many complications including a prothrombotic condition. Activated platelet membrane provides an anchor, phosphatidylserine, for the attachment of the prothrombinase complex, which allows increased thrombin formation. This study aimed to further elucidate the interrelationship between coagulation proteins and activated platelets in type 2 diabetic blood.
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