Saliva antibody profiles are associated with reaction threshold and severity of peanut allergic reactions.

Background: Reaction threshold and severity in food allergy are difficult to predict, and noninvasive predictors are lacking.

Objective: We sought to determine the relationships between pre-challenge levels of peanut (PN)-specific antibodies in saliva and reaction threshold, severity, and organ-specific symptoms during PN allergic reactions.

Methods: We measured PN-specific antibody levels in saliva collected from 127 children with suspected PN allergy before double-blind, placebo-controlled PN challenges in which reaction threshold, severity, and symptoms were rigorously characterized.

Multi-omic integration reveals alterations in nasal mucosal biology that mediate air pollutant effects on allergic rhinitis.

Background: Allergic rhinitis is a common inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa that imposes a considerable health burden. Air pollution has been observed to increase the risk of developing allergic rhinitis. We addressed the hypotheses that early life exposure to air toxics is associated with developing allergic rhinitis, and that these effects are mediated by DNA methylation and gene expression in the nasal mucosa.

Joint transcriptomic and cytometric study of children with peanut allergy reveals molecular and cellular cross talk in reaction thresholds.

Background: Reaction thresholds in peanut allergy are highly variable. Elucidating causal relationships between molecular and cellular processes associated with variable thresholds could point to therapeutic pathways for raising thresholds.

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize molecular and cellular systemic processes associated with reaction threshold in peanut allergy and causal relationships between them.

Integrated study of systemic and local airway transcriptomes in asthma reveals causal mediation of systemic effects by airway key drivers.

Background: Systemic and local profiles have each been associated with asthma, but parsing causal relationships between system-wide and airway-specific processes can be challenging. We sought to investigate systemic and airway processes in asthma and their causal relationships.

Methods: Three hundred forty-one participants with persistent asthma and non-asthmatic controls were recruited and underwent peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) collection and nasal brushing.

Examination of host genetic effects on nasal microbiome composition.

Background: Genetic predisposition increases risk for asthma, and distinct nasal microbial compositions are associated with asthma. Host genetics might shape nasal microbiome composition.

Objective: We examined associations between host genetics and nasal microbiome composition.

Multiscale study of the oral and gut environments in children with high- and low-threshold peanut allergy.

Background: The oral and gut microbiomes have each been associated with food allergy status. Within food allergy, they may also influence reaction thresholds.

Objective: Our aim was to identify oral and gut microbiota associated with reaction thresholds in peanut allergy.

Machine learning-driven identification of early-life air toxic combinations associated with childhood asthma outcomes.

Air pollution is a well-known contributor to asthma. Air toxics are hazardous air pollutants that cause or may cause serious health effects. Although individual air toxics have been associated with asthma, only a limited number of studies have specifically examined combinations of air toxics associated with the disease.

The nasal microbiome, nasal transcriptome, and pet sensitization.

Background: Pet allergies are common in children with asthma. Microbiota and host responses may mediate allergen sensitization.

Objective: We sought to uncover host-microbe relationships in pet allergen sensitization via joint examination of the nasal microbiome and nasal transcriptome.