Subthreshold psychiatric symptoms as potential predictors of postpartum depression.

The authors' purpose in the present study is to examine the role of subthreshold mental disorders as predictors of Postpartum Depression (PPD). 110 pregnancy women were evaluated as follow: the General 5-Spectrum Measure at 26 weeks of gestation; the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 3/6 months after delivery. Only 4.

Acute social and somatic stress alters cortical metaplasticity probed with non-invasive brain stimulation in humans.

Studying the neuronal mechanisms that govern the cortical adaptations to acute stress is critical for understanding the development of neuropsychiatric diseases. Homeostatic plasticity stabilizes the neural activity in which a previous synaptic event drives subsequent synaptic plasticity. In this study, we evaluated the effect of acute stress induced with the socially evaluated cold pressor test (SECPT) on cortical metaplasticity in humans using a non-invasive brain stimulation protocol.

The role of body image in obese identity changes post bariatric surgery.

Purpose: Body image is a multidimensional construct that encompasses perceptions about body size, emotions, and cognition about physical appearance. Obese identity is related to body image in the lifetime, and according to scientific literature body image dissatisfaction among obese patient persist after bariatric surgery. The objective of this review is to examine the body image changes in patients with obesity pre-and post-bariatric surgery.

Adolescence, Adulthood and Self-Perceived Halitosis: A Role of Psychological Factors.

(1) Background: Halitosis is a frequent condition that affects a large part of the population. It is considered a "social stigma", as it can determine a number of psychological and relationship consequences that affect people's lives. The purpose of this review is to examine the role of psychological factors in the condition of self-perceived halitosis in adolescent subjects and adulthood.

'In the night kitchen': A scoping review on the night eating syndrome.

Background: First described in 1955, night eating syndrome refers to an abnormal eating behavior clinically defined by the presence of evening hyperphagia (>25% of daily caloric intake) and/or nocturnal awaking with food ingestion occurring ⩾ 2 times per week.

Aims: Although the syndrome is frequently comorbid with obesity, metabolic and psychiatric disorders, its etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, assessment and treatment still remain not fully understood.

Methods: This review was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines; PubMed database was searched until 31 October 2020, using the key terms: 'Night Eating Syndrome' AND 'complications' OR 'diagnosis' OR 'drug therapy' OR 'epidemiology' OR 'etiology' OR 'physiology' OR 'physiopathology' OR 'psychology' OR 'therapy'.

Current and emerging long-acting antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia.

: In this review, the authors discuss the role of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) for schizophrenia, focusing on the effectiveness and new perspectives introduced by such treatment strategy. Despite their promising pharmacokinetic features and their potential advantages in medication adherence, clinical outcomes, and medical costs, LAIs are not habitually presented as an option for patients, especially in the early phase of schizophrenia.: This review explores the panorama of available LAIs for the treatment of schizophrenia, first-episode of psychosis, approved indications, medical costs, medication adherence, side effects, effectiveness and differences between first-generation (FGA)-LAIs and second-generation (SGA)-LAIs.

Psychological Impact of Pro-Anorexia and Pro-Eating Disorder Websites on Adolescent Females: A Systematic Review.

(1) Background: Teenagers (in particular, females) suffering from eating disorders report being not satisfied with their physical aspect and they often perceive their body image in a wrong way; they report an excessive use of websites, defined as PRO-ANA and PRO-MIA, that promote an ideal of thinness, providing advice and suggestions about how to obtain super slim bodies. (2) Aim: The aim of this review is to explore the psychological impact of pro-ana and pro-mia websites on female teenagers. (3) Methods: We have carried out a systematic review of the literature on PubMed.

Lifetime Psychiatric Comorbidity and Diagnostic Trajectories in an Italian Psychiatric Sample.

Objective: Comorbidity in psychiatric patients has been widely examined in the literature, enucleating the role in misinterpretation of symptom's root in a multi-disease background, as well as the impact on the quality of life, outcome, and health-care effects. This research aimed to examine, in an Italian population of psychiatric patients, the diagnostic continuum in the context of lifetime psychiatric comorbidity, assessing possible differences related to the onset disorder.

Method: A retrospective analysis of medical records of 458 subjects, in which various psychiatric diagnoses were represented and categorized in 16 nosographic classes, was conducted.

Complicated grief: A systematic review of the last 20 years.

Background: Grief is a common reaction to the feeling of loss and it is considered a physiological and instinctive response. The 'normal' grief evolves into an 'integrated' phase within 1 year from death, and it is a non-pathological condition, that do not require specific therapeutic interventions. When this 'integrated phase' does not occur, the subject could reach pathological manifestations related to the grief.

Negative Emotions in Skin Disorders: A Systematic Review.

The main purpose of this study is to describe how negative emotions were investigated in the sphere of dermatological diseases, in order (1) to summarize literature trends about skin disorders and emotions, (2) to highlight any imbalances between the most studied and neglected emotions, (3) and to offer directions for future research. A computerized literature search provided 41 relevant and potentially eligible studies. Results showed that the study of emotions in skin disease is limited to Sadness/depression and Fear/anxiety.

Exploring the Gender Difference and Predictors of Perceived Stress among Students Enrolled in Different Medical Programs: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Female medical students seem to experience higher level of perceived stress. Moreover, there is a lack of research examining perceived stress in students enrolled in different medical programs. We analyzed the association between temperament traits, optimism, self-esteem, and perceived stress of students pursuing a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree and students pursuing a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM) degree.

Vortioxetine on Cognition in Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study.

Background: Given the wide implications of cognitive impairment for prognosis and outcome in schizophrenia, the research on pharmacological approaches aimed at addressing dysfunctional cognition has been extensive; nevertheless, there are no currently available licensed drugs, and the evidence in this field is still unimpressive. Vortioxetine is a multimodal antidepressant, which has been proposed as a suitable treatment option for cognitive symptoms in depression.

Methods: Twenty schizophrenia outpatients (mean age ± SD, 40.

Affective Temperament Traits and Age-Predicted Recreational Cannabis Use in Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The use of cannabis among college students is increasing. Cannabis abuse has been proposed to be associated with personality dimensions. However, there are currently no known studies on the relationship of temperament traits and recreational cannabis use among college students.

Hyperarousal Scale: Italian Cultural Validation, Age and Gender Differences in a Nonclinical Population.

Objectives: Studies on hyperarousal have increasingly developed in the last decade. Nevertheless, there are still very few valid measures of hyperarousal. The aim of the study is to verify the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Hyperarousal Scale (H-Scale), in order to provide researchers with a valid measure for the target population.

When Fathers Begin to Falter: A Comprehensive Review on Paternal Perinatal Depression.

The transition to parenthood is considered to be a major life transition that can increase the vulnerability to parental depressive disorders, including paternal perinatal depression (PPND). Although it is known that many fathers experience anxiety and depression during the perinatal period, PPND is a recent diagnostic entity and there are not enough published studies on it. Accordingly, its prevalence and epidemiology are still not well defined, although the majority of studies agree that PPND is less frequent than maternal perinatal depression and postpartum depression.

Duloxetine in Psychiatric Disorders: Expansions Beyond Major Depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

Duloxetine hydrochloride (DUL) is an antidepressant included in the pharmacological class of serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, and chronic musculoskeletal pain. The aim of this review was to elucidate current evidences on the use of DUL in the treatment of a variety of psychiatric disorders. This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.

Focus on Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder: A review of the literature.

The inclusion of the Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), under the category of depressive disorders, provides a diagnosis for those children and adolescents with severe persistent irritability and temper outbursts, once misdiagnosed as Bipolar Disorders. The main and constantly present features of DMDD are chronic, non-episodic and persistent irritability, and temper tantrums disproportionate with the trigger. DMDD is characterized by high rates of comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders.

Effect of Red Yeast Rice on Cognitive Functioning in Schizophrenia: Data From a Pilot Study.

Background: Cognitive deficits (CDs) in schizophrenia affect poor outcome and real-world community functioning. Because redox imbalance has been implicated, among other factors, in the pathophysiology of CDs, antioxidant compounds may have a beneficial effect in their treatment. Red yeast rice (RYR), besides its lipid-lowering effect, exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory.

Does Personality Matter? Temperament and Character Dimensions in Panic Subtypes.

Introduction: Symptomatic heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of Panic Disorder (PD) has lead to several attempts to identify PD subtypes; however, no studies investigated the association between temperament and character dimensions and PD subtypes. The study was aimed to verify whether personality traits were differentially related to distinct symptom dimensions.

Methods: Seventy-four patients with PD were assessed by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.

Exploring the effect of adaptogenic Rhodiola Rosea extract on neuroplasticity in humans.

Objectives: Rhodiola rosea extract is one of the most common herbal treatment for stress. Its mechanism of action in humans still need to be determined. We investigated the effect of a single dose intake of Rhodiola rosea extract on the plastic after-effects induced by anodal and cathodal motor cortex transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in humans.

Frazione polifenolica del bergamotto per il trattamento della sindrome metabolica nella schizofrenia: uno studio pilota.

Introduzione. La frazione polifenolica del bergamotto (BPF) ha dimostrato di possedere buona efficacia nel trattamento dei pazienti affetti da sindrome metabolica (SM) e pertanto potrebbe rappresentare una strategia promettente nel trattamento degli effetti collaterali indotti da antipsicotici di seconda generazione (SGA) in soggetti schizofrenici in trattamento con tali farmaci. Materiali e metodi.

[Negative emotions in headache patients.].

Introduction: Several studies highlighted the presence of anxiety, depression and anger in headache patients, however the results are not always consistent. The aim of this work was to explore the link between the different components of anger, the level of depression, trait and state anxiety, and the diagnostic parameters such as frequency and duration of the headache attacks.

Materials And Methods: Eighty patients referred to the Headache center of Messina University Hospital G.