Synbiotic yoghurt with walnut and cereal brittle added as a next-generation bioactive compound: Development and characteristics.

The article presents a technology developed for the production of synbiotic Yoghurt with new bioactive filler based on natural components. The Yoghurt has prebiotic and sorption properties. A higher consumer appeal of the product developed has been substantiated; its characteristics compared with the Yoghurt of traditional production technology have been presented.

Multi-peak structure of generation spectrum of random distributed feedback fiber Raman lasers.

We study spectral features of the generation of random distributed feedback fiber Raman laser arising from two-peak shape of the Raman gain spectral profile realized in the germanosilicate fibers. We demonstrate that number of peaks can be calculated using power balance model considering different subcomponents within each Stokes component.

Raman fiber laser with random distributed feedback based on a twin-core fiber.

An operation of a linearly polarized Raman fiber laser with random distributed feedback based on a polarization-maintaining twin-core fiber (TCF) is demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The results indicate that the TCF allows one to obtain laser generation with a linewidth that is about five times smaller than that for the random laser based on a conventional fiber with similar parameters. The reasons for narrowing include both the weakening of nonlinear effects due to the power density reduction and the spectrally selective properties of the TCF.

Generating high-quality beam in a multimode LD-pumped all-fiber Raman laser.

We report on the first demonstration of an all-fiber CW Raman laser based on a multimode graded-index fiber directly pumped by multimode fiber-coupled laser diodes. A joint action of Raman clean-up effect and mode-selection properties of special fiber Bragg gratings inscribed in the central part of the graded-index fiber core, results in high-efficiency conversion of a multimode (M~26) pump at 915 nm into a high-quality (M~2.6) output beam at 954 nm.

Nearly single-mode Raman lasing at 954 nm in a graded-index fiber directly pumped by a multimode laser diode.

High beam quality and narrow spectrum have been obtained in a Raman fiber laser based on a 1.1 km long graded-index fiber directly pumped by a multimode 915 nm laser diode. The generation of a near-diffraction-limited beam at 954 nm with M≤1.

All-PM CW fiber optical parametric oscillator.

We demonstrate for the first time a CW all-polarization maintaining (PM) all-fiber optical parametric oscillator (FOPO) based on a birefringent photonic crystal fiber pumped by a tunable linearly polarized ytterbium-doped fiber laser. The all-PM FOPO features polarization-adjustment-free tunable operation in wavelength range from 920 to 1000 nm for both the slow and the fast fiber axes with output power reaching 1.3 W.

[Characterization of the Russian beef cattle breed gene pools using inter simple sequence repeat DNA analysis (ISSR analysis)].

The gene pools of beef cattle breeds bred in Russia were characterized on the basis of inter simple sequence repeat DNA analysis (ISSR analysis). Samples of Aberdeen Angus, Kalmyk, and Kazakh Whitehead breeds from Russia, as well as of Hereford breed, hybrids of Kazakh Whitehead and Hereford breeds, and Kazakh Whitehead breed from the Republic of Kazakhstan, were examined. In the examined breeds, 27 AG-ISSR fragments were identified, 25 of which were polymorphic.

High-order random Raman lasing in a PM fiber with ultimate efficiency and narrow bandwidth.

Random Raman lasers attract now a great deal of attention as they operate in non-active turbid or transparent scattering media. In the last case, single mode fibers with feedback via Rayleigh backscattering generate a high-quality unidirectional laser beam. However, such fiber lasers have rather poor spectral and polarization properties, worsening with increasing power and Stokes order.

Linearly polarized random fiber laser with ultimate efficiency.

Linearly polarized pumping of a random fiber laser made of a 500-m PM fiber with PM fiber-loop mirror at one fiber end results in generation of linearly polarized radiation at 1.11 μm with the polarization extinction ratio as high as 25 dB at the output power of up to 9.4 W.

Four wave mixing of conventional and Raman dissipative solitons from single fiber laser.

Conventional (1015 nm) and Raman (1055 nm) dissipative solitons generated in an all-fiber Yb laser are mixed in an external photonic crystal fiber (PCF) at pulse energy of up to 4 nJ at the input. It has been found that red-shifted ~20 ps pulses with energy up to 1 nJ are generated in the parametric process. Their peak wavelength is tunable from 1084 to 1102 nm by means of the delay variation between the input pulses.

High-efficiency CW all-fiber parametric oscillator tunable in 0.92-1 μm range.

Continuous tuning over 80 nm is demonstrated for the anti-Stokes wave generated in an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on a birefringent photonic crystal fiber pumped by a CW Ytterbium-doped fiber laser tuned around 1.05 μm (within 4 nm only). An influence of the pump laser linewidth and polarization state on the fiber OPO threshold and efficiency is studied.

Single cut technique for adjustment of doubly resonant Brillouin laser cavities.

We report a simple technical solution for precise adjustment of short fiber cavities commonly used with Brillouin fiber lasers. The technique is based on recording the Brillouin response of the cavity to the frequency scanned laser radiation. The recorded traces are used to calculate the excess cavity length that needs to be removed from the original cavity to provide its precise adjustment to the Brillouin resonance at any preselected pump laser wavelength.

Tunable CW all-fiber optical parametric oscillator operating below 1 μm.

CW all-fiber optical parametric oscillator (FOPO) with tuning range from 950 to 1010 nm is demonstrated using birefringent photonic crystal fiber pumped by an Ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) near 1 μm. CW parametric generation with spectral linewidth of 3.7 nm at 972 nm has been obtained with slope efficiency as high as 9.

Output spectrum of Yb-doped fiber lasers.

An analytical model for self phase modulation in Yb-doped fiber laser (YDFL) describing output spectrum and its broadening with increasing power has been developed. Spectral measurements in continuous wave (CW) cladding-pumped YDFL have proved the validity of the model demonstrating hyperbolic secant shape of the spectrum and linear increase of the line width with power in 1-12 W range. At lower powers, spatial hole burning and line self-sweeping effects become important and define the lower limit for the line width.

[Autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase in children with newly detected insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is considered as target antigen in pancreatic beta cell autoimmunity. Two isoforms of GAD (islet and brain GAD) were detected recently. In circulation of approximately 80% of recently detected patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) autoantibodies to brain GAD (bGAD) have been demonstrated.

[Determination of autoantibodies to pancreatic beta-cells, non-islet endocrine cells and fibroblasts in patients with newly detected diabetes mellitus].

The clinical onset of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD) is characterized by the onset of circulation of autoantibodies to beta-cells. Thirty-three newly detected IDD patients and 14 newly detected patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were examined for autoantibodies to antigen P 64-69, to surface antigen of islet cells, to thyrocyte microsomal fraction, thyroglobulin, hypophysis, fibroblasts; the levels of circulating immune complexes were measured as well. IDD debut was found associated with the appearance of antibodies to pancreatic islet cells, thyroid, thyroglobulin, hypophysis, fibroblasts, this indicating a polyclonal activation of the immunity system.

Pancreatic antigenic complex p64 69: involvement in regulation of insulin secretion and relation to glutamic acid decarboxylase.

The role of pancreatic beta-cell antigenic structures in modulation of insulin secretion in vitro was recently demonstrated by others. Here we report generation of a monoclonal antibody (mAB) ICA-1 to non-species specific beta-cell antigen(s) 64, 67 and 69 kDa. The mAB inhibits glucose stimulated insulin secretion in islet cell cultures.

Modelling of type 1 diabetes with monoclonal antibody ICA-1.

In order to investigate the possible role of pancreatic beta-cell p(64-69) antigens in the development of diabetes type 1, a monoclonal antibody (ICA-1) to the 64-69 kDa antigen family was produced and characterized. Short-term (0.25 mg per rat, intraperitoneally, daily for 9 days) and prolonged (0.

Immunoreactivity of cultured pancreatic islet cells with monoclonal antibody ICA-1.

The aim of the present study was to characterize the expression of the pancreatic beta cell antigen family with molecular masses of 64 to 69 kDa [p(64-69)]. This antigen family was detected by immunoreactivity with biotinylated monoclonal antibody (Mab) ICA-1, and Mab against insulin. The molecular masses of the antigens affinity-purified from islet cell lysates by ICA-1 were 64, 67, and 69 kDa.

Pancreatic islet cells in tissue culture: function and immunoreactivity with serum autoantibodies from diabetes type-1 patients and monoclonal antibodies ICA-1.

The purpose of this study was the generation of monoclonal antibodies (MoAB) ICA-1 to p64 antigen of pancreatic beta cells and the comparative analysis of MoAB and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients' serum reactivity with cultivated islet cells. It was found that MoAB ICA-1 reacted with the surface of beta cells in suspension but with cytoplasm in frozen pancreatic sections. That MoAB ICA-1 and ICSA- or ICA-positive IDDM serum on insulin release in islet cell cultures produce similar effects was established.