Alkylresorcinols as New Modulators of the Metabolic Activity of the Gut Microbiota.

Alkylresorcinols (ARs) are polyphenolic compounds with a wide spectrum of biological activities and are potentially involved in the regulation of host metabolism. The present study aims to establish whether ARs can be produced by the human gut microbiota and to evaluate alterations in content in stool samples as well as metabolic activity of the gut microbiota of C57BL, , and LDLR (-/-) mice according to diet specifications and olivetol (5-n-pentylresorcinol) supplementation to estimate the regulatory potential of ARs. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection was used to quantitatively analyse AR levels in mouse stool samples; faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from human donors to germ-free mice was performed to determine whether the intestinal microbiota could produce AR molecules; metagenome sequencing analysis of the mouse gut microbiota followed by reconstruction of its metabolic activity was performed to investigate olivetol's regulatory potential.

Targeted metabolomic profiling as a tool for diagnostics of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

Lung cancer is referred to as the second most common cancer worldwide and is mainly associated with complex diagnostics and the absence of personalized therapy. Metabolomics may provide significant insights into the improvement of lung cancer diagnostics through identification of the specific biomarkers or biomarker panels that characterize the pathological state of the patient. We performed targeted metabolomic profiling of plasma samples from individuals with non-small cell lung cancer (NSLC, n = 100) and individuals without any cancer or chronic pathologies (n = 100) to identify the relationship between plasma endogenous metabolites and NSLC by means of modern comprehensive bioinformatics tools, including univariate analysis, multivariate analysis, partial correlation network analysis and machine learning.

[Some Approaches to Activation of Antitumor Resistance Mechanisms and Functional Analogs in Categories of Synergetics].

This paper briefly reviews the ways of activation of the antitumor resistance mechanisms developed on the basis of the concept of the periodic system of general nonspecific adaptational reactions of the body. The principles of the formation of effective influences by electromagnetic radiation using biologically active substances are described. A comparison of the criteria and conceptions of the theory of adaptational reactions to some concepts and categories of synergetics is made.

Antiproliferative activity of zinc and metal alloy nanoparticles in transplanted sarcomas.

The effects of zinc and metal alloy (Cu, Zn, and Fe) nanoparticles on transplantation capacity of tumors (mouse sarcoma 37, rat sarcoma 45 and Pliss lymphosarcoma) and the levels of exogenous Zn in tumor and non-tumor tissues of mice were studied. Preincubation (30 min, 37°C) of sarcoma 37 cells with zinc nanoparticles and sarcoma 45 with alloy nanoparticles before transplantation completely prevented the tumor development in animals. Preincubation of Pliss lymphosarcoma cells with nanoparticles led to tumor growth inhibition and prolongation of the animal lifespan.

Transplanted tumor growth inhibition by functionalized short single-walled carbon nanotubules.

The effects of short single-walled carbon nanotubules functionalized by COOH- and NH2- containing groups (NT-COOH and NT-NH2), on the dynamics of transplanted Pliss lymphosarcoma growth were studied after tumor cell preincubation with nanotubules and after injection of nanotubules into the developing tumor. Tumor growth was inhibited and the lifespan of rats with tumors was prolonged by 1.7 times after transplantation of tumor preincubated with NT-NH2, while NT-COOH caused no effect of this kind.

Experimental study of the effects of metal nanoparticles on tumor growth and bone marrow hemopoiesis.

Metal (Zn, Cu, Fe) nanoparticles, particularly Zn, induce regression of transplanted sarcoma 37 and increase the percentage of dead and degenerated cells. Antitumor effect of metal nanoparticles was not associated with leukopenia or coarse bone marrow abnormalities, but differential leukocyte and bone marrow counts remained changed.

Effect of monochromatic light of low intensity on L929 skin fibroblast culture.

Effects of exposure to low-intensity monochromatic red spectrum radiation in different modes were studied on L929 skin fibroblast culture. Radiometric and cytological study of cell culture before and after irradiation showed that monochromatic low-intensity radiation stimulated skin fibroblasts in L929 culture under certain conditions.

[The use of roncoleukin for LAK therapy in ovarian cancer].

Roncoleukin--recombinant IL-2--was studied with a view to application for LAK therapy. Lymph of ductus thoracicus from ovarian cancer patients receiving adjuvant autolymphochemotherapy was used as source of lymphocytes. Immunobiologic activity of lymphocytes was assayed after 30-minutes incubation with roncoleukin and 24- or 48-hours culturing.

Electromagnetic oscillations as a factor modulating blood neutrophil function.

Effects of various physical factors of electromagnetic nature on the synthetic and phagocytic activities of neutrophils were studied in vitro on the blood of patients with breast cancer. We found that alternating magnetic field, low-intensity laser, photodiod radiation, and their combinations induced mobilization of blood neutrophil function.

[A novel method of drug-free immunocorrection by exposing cancer patients' blood to alternating magnetic field].

The study was concerned with effect of alternating magnetic field (AMF) on immunobiological characteristics of lymphocytes from patients with locally-advanced breast tumors. Patients received infusions of treated autoblood and changes in their immunological status were followed up. Stimulation of T-, B- and NK- cells was observed.

[Effect of small doses of ionizing radiation on selected antioxidant and immunologic parameters in patients with cervical cancer].

We analyzed the indices of antioxidant and immune systems in 69 patients with cervical carcinoma T3NxMo at different stages of radiotherapy. Radiation doses of 10-20 Gy were followed by certain normalization of antioxidant enzyme levels, increased concentrations of vitamins E and A in immunocompetent blood cells and improved the penetration and elastic properties of formed cells. The dosage stimulated the activity of helper-inducing and cytotoxic T-cells.

[Effect of new chemotherapeutic methods on the biologic tissue environment and on the immune status of patients with breast cancer].

Standard (SCT), autoplasmochemotherapy using cytostatics preincubation with autoplasma (APCT) and autoblood (autohemochemotherapy--AHCT) were compared to evaluate their effects on locally advanced breast tumors. SCT showed marked immunosuppressor effect while APCT and, particularly, AHCT--a sparing one. The use of the latter modalities involved significantly higher levels of active T-, NK- and cytotoxic CD+ 8 cells.

[Immunocorrective effect of alternating magnetic field in the postoperative period in malignant bladder cancer].

The study deals with immune status of patients operated for bladder cancer and exposed postoperatively to alternating magnetic field (MF) (hypothalamus and operative field). MF application was followed by higher T- and B-lymphocyte and CD4+, CD16+ cell levels as well as enhanced T-cell activity; no postoperative complications were registered and tumor relapse rates were relatively low. The effect was likely to be due to antistressor influence of MF.

[Experience in the use of anti-colibacillus and Proteus lactoglobulin as a supplement to milk products in diet therapy at a specialized childrens' collective].

A new biologically active supplement (BAS) for infant food was tested at an Infant's Home. BAS-IG contains lactoglobulin, an immune preparation against colibacillus and Proteus. During the primary examination of the infants in the Infant's Home intestinal dysbacteriosis was revealed in 100% of the infants, clinical signs of dysbacteriosis were detected in 88.

[Possibility of fortifying milk nutrient mixtures for children with lactoglobulin against E. coli and Proteus].

Sweet milk nutrient mixtures, biologically active additives (BAA) and lactic acid ferments, intended for child nutrition, were enriched with the immune preparation lactoglobulin against E. coli and Proteus. Serological and immunochemical investigations of hemagglutinating activity and other characteristics of lactoglobulin in the enriched milk mixtures and BAA evidenced that the preparation retained its full value during the technological process and in the period of storage.