Cohort profile: creation of the SAIL MELD-B e-cohort (SMC) and SAIL MELD-B children and young adult e-cohort (SMYC) to investigate the lived experience of the 'burdensomeness' of multimorbidity.

Purpose: We have established the SAIL MELD-B electronic cohort (e-cohort SMC) and the SAIL MELD-B children and Young adults e-cohort (SMYC) as a part of the Multidisciplinary Ecosystem to study Lifecourse Determinants and Prevention of Early-onset Burdensome Multimorbidity (MELD-B) project. Each cohort has been created to investigate and develop a deeper understanding of the lived experience of the 'burdensomeness' of multimorbidity by identifying new clusters of burdensomeness concepts, exploring early life risk factors of multimorbidity and modelling hypothetical prevention scenarios.

Participants: The SMC and SMYC are longitudinal e-cohorts created from routinely collected individual-level population-scale anonymised data sources available within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank.

A Tale of Two Cysts: A Histopathological Case Report of Epithelial and Mesothelial Splenic Cysts.

Splenic cysts are rare medical conditions, and their incidence is dominated by parasitic types. Non-parasitic splenic cysts, whether true cysts (with a cellular lining of the cystic wall) or pseudocysts (without a cellular lining), are significantly rarer than parasitic ones. Their etiology is not fully established, with fetal remnant development, metaplasia, and mesothelial invagination being widely accepted possible mechanisms.

Multidisciplinary ecosystem to study lifecourse determinants and prevention of early-onset burdensome multimorbidity (MELD-B) - protocol for a research collaboration.

Background: Most people living with multiple long-term condition multimorbidity (MLTC-M) are under 65 (defined as 'early onset'). Earlier and greater accrual of long-term conditions (LTCs) may be influenced by the timing and nature of exposure to key risk factors, wider determinants or other LTCs at different life stages. We have established a research collaboration titled 'MELD-B' to understand how wider determinants, sentinel conditions (the first LTC in the lifecourse) and LTC accrual sequence affect risk of early-onset, burdensome MLTC-M, and to inform prevention interventions.

Eliciting and prioritising determinants of improved care in multimorbidity: A modified online Delphi study.

Background: Multimorbidity is a major challenge to health and social care systems around the world. There is limited research exploring the wider contextual determinants that are important to improving care for this cohort. In this study, we aimed to elicit and prioritise determinants of improved care in people with multiple conditions.

Early-onset burdensome multimorbidity: an exploratory analysis of sentinel conditions, condition accrual sequence and duration of three long-term conditions using the 1970 British Cohort Study.

Objectives: The prevalence of multiple long-term condition (LTC) multimorbidity is increasing with younger onset among socioeconomically deprived populations. Research on life course trajectories towards multimorbidity is limited and early-onset multimorbidity poorly characterised. Understanding sentinel conditions (the first LTC occurring in the life course), the sequence of LTC accrual and the permanency of the reporting of LTCs may help identify time points for prevention efforts.

Interdisciplinary Research to Advance Digital Imagery and Natural Compounds for Eco-Cleaning and for Preserving Textile Cultural Heritage.

The old fibers that make up heritage textiles displayed in museums are degraded by the aging process, environmental conditions (microclimates, particulate matter, pollutants, sunlight) and the action of microorganisms. In order to counteract these processes and keep the textile exhibits in good condition for as long as possible, both reactive and preventive interventions on them are necessary. Based on these ideas, the present study aims to test a natural and non-invasive method of cleaning historic textiles, which includes the use of a natural substance with a known antifungal effect (being traditionally used in various rural communities)-lye.

Development and Validation of Population Clusters for Integrating Health and Social Care: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study in Multiple Long-Term Conditions (Cluster-Artificial Intelligence for Multiple Long-Term Conditions).

Background: Multiple long-term health conditions (multimorbidity) (MLTC-M) are increasingly prevalent and associated with high rates of morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditure. Strategies to address this have primarily focused on the biological aspects of disease, but MLTC-M also result from and are associated with additional psychosocial, economic, and environmental barriers. A shift toward more personalized, holistic, and integrated care could be effective.

Using explainable machine learning to characterise data drift and detect emergent health risks for emergency department admissions during COVID-19.

A key task of emergency departments is to promptly identify patients who require hospital admission. Early identification ensures patient safety and aids organisational planning. Supervised machine learning algorithms can use data describing historical episodes to make ahead-of-time predictions of clinical outcomes.

Using explainable machine learning to identify patients at risk of reattendance at discharge from emergency departments.

Short-term reattendances to emergency departments are a key quality of care indicator. Identifying patients at increased risk of early reattendance could help reduce the number of missed critical illnesses and could reduce avoidable utilization of emergency departments by enabling targeted post-discharge intervention. In this manuscript, we present a retrospective, single-centre study where we created and evaluated an extreme gradient boosting decision tree model trained to identify patients at risk of reattendance within 72 h of discharge from an emergency department (University Hospitals Southampton Foundation Trust, UK).

Identification of genomic loci associated with Rhodococcus equi susceptibility in foals.

Pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi is a common cause of disease and death in foals. Although agent and environmental factors contribute to the incidence of this disease, the genetic factors influencing the clinical outcomes of R. equi pneumonia are ill-defined.

Moderate water stress causes different stomatal and non-stomatal changes in the photosynthetic functioning of Phaseolus vulgaris L. genotypes.

The impact of moderate water deficit on the photosynthetic apparatus of three Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivars, Plovdiv 10 (P10), Dobrudjanski Ran (DR) and Prelom (Prel), was investigated. Water shortage had less impact on leaf hydration, RWC (predawn and midday) and predawn water potential in Prel.

Dietary fish oil and curcumin combine to modulate colonic cytokinetics and gene expression in dextran sodium sulphate-treated mice.

Both fish oil (FO) and curcumin have potential as anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory agents. To further explore their combined effects on dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis, C57BL/6 mice were randomised to four diets (2 × 2 design) differing in fatty acid content with or without curcumin supplementation (FO, FO+2 % curcumin, maize oil (control, MO) or MO+2 % curcumin). Mice were exposed to one or two cycles of DSS in the drinking-water to induce either acute or chronic intestinal inflammation, respectively.

Assessment of the working-environment harmful factors and health risk of workers in a nitrogen fertilizer plant.

The authors examined the influence of harmful factors of the working environment such as: microclimate, dust, noise, vibrations, and chemical noxes such as: ammonia, nitric oxides, hydrogen fluoride and gaseous fluorides, on the health status of workers involved in the production of fertilizers and ammonia in a nitrogen fertilizer plant. Various biochemical examinations of 158 workers were carried out. The morbidity rate for 1993-1995 was also studied.

Hematological changes in sailors from chemical cargo tankers.

Unlabelled: The group investigated consisted of 179 sailors from chemical cargo tankers, with an average age of approximately 40 years and duration of special service of between 2-6 years. They were divided into risk groups in accordance with the exposure index. The study comprised 18 voyages, transporting more than 50 chemical substances, mainly benzene, ethyl benzene, acrylonitrile, aniline, acetone, etc.

[Liver enzyme function and humoral immunity in workers exposed to vinyl chloride].

The work aims at studying the enzyme function of the liver, as well as the humoral immunity of workers engaged in the production of vinyl chloride and polyvinylchloride with proved hepatotropic and Raynaud syndromes. About 191 workers /experimental group/ from the synthesis and polymerization of vinyl chloride and 2 control groups--34 persons from Varna and 54 from G. Traĭkov were examined.

[Changes in the biochemical indices of workers exposed to vinyl chloride and dichloroethane].

Complex laboratory investigations were carried out to 280 workers from a plant, exposed to vinylchloride and dichlorethane. Some hematological indices were followed up (hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets) and liver function (GGTP, GOT, GPT, AP, OCP and blood glutathione). Again GGTP and blood platelets significance was confirmed as a diagnostic sign of VCh disease.