Mixed Th1/Th2/Th17 Responses Induced by Plant Oil Adjuvant-Based Vaccine in Mice, with Mechanisms Unraveled by RNA-Seq, 16S rRNA and Metabolomics.

Background/objectives: The current (Bb) vaccine, when adjuvanted with alum, does not elicit adequate robust cellular immunity or effective antibody defense against Bb attacks. Unfortunately, antibiotic treatment generally represents an ineffective strategy due to the development of resistance against a broad range of antibiotics.

Methods: The present study was designed to investigate the immune response, protective capabilities and underlying mechanisms of a plant oil-based adjuvant E515 formulated with inactivated Bb antigen as a potential vaccine candidate against .

Enhancing protective immunity against bacterial infection via coating nano-Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide with outer membrane vesicles.

With the coming of the post-antibiotic era, there is an increasingly urgent need for safe and efficient antibacterial vaccines. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have received increased attention recently as a potential subunit vaccine. OMVs are non-replicative and contain the principle immunogenic bacterial antigen, which circumvents the safety concerns of live-attenuated vaccines.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Genomic Characteristics of Strains Isolated from the Poultry Industry in Henan Province, China.

() is an important foodborne pathogen and a biomarker for monitoring antimicrobial resistance. Investigating the prevalence of in the poultry industry holds great importance, particularly in Henan province, a major poultry-producing region in China. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypes of strains obtained from the poultry industry in Henan, China.

Characterization of a universal neutralizing monoclonal antibody against Glaesserella parasuis CdtB.

Glaesserella parasuis is the etiological agent of Glässer's disease. Although present as a symbiotic bacterium in the respiratory tract of healthy pigs, G. parasuis invades piglets under stress conditions and causes severe systemic infection characterized by fibrinous polyserositis, polyarthritis, and meningitis, which caused high mortality in weaned and nursery herds.

Antimicrobial resistance and population genomics of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in pig farms in mainland China.

The expanding use of antimicrobials in livestock is an important contributor to the worldwide rapid increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, large-scale studies on AMR in livestock remain scarce. Here, we report findings from surveillance of E.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Antimicrobial-Resistant in Pig Farms, Slaughterhouses, and Terminal Markets in Henan Province of China.

is an important foodborne pathogen and also plays key roles in dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). However, current data on the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant at different nodes of the pork supplying chain are still limited. Herein, we investigated drug-resistant phenotypes and molecular characteristics of strains isolated from different pig farms, slaughterhouses, and terminal markets in the Henan Province of China.

O-serogroups, virulence genes, antimicrobial susceptibility, and MLST genotypes of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from swine and cattle in Central China.

Background: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a leading cause of worldwide food-borne and waterborne infections. Despite an increase in the number of STEC outbreaks, there is a lack of data on prevalence of STEC at the farm level, distribution of serogroups, and virulence factors.

Results: In the present study, a total of 91 (6.

Characteristics of a Colistin-Resistant ST695 Harboring the Chromosomally-Encoded m Gene.

having chromosomally-encoded is rarely reported. In this study, we recovered a chromosomal carrying , designated HeN100, from the feces of a diarrheal pig in China. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that HeN100 was resistant to three aminoglycosides, twelve β-lactams including three carbapenems, one phenicol, two tetracyclines, two fluoroquinolones, nitrofurantoin, and colistin tested.

Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant and Colistin-Resistant Co-Producing NDM-1 and MCR-1 from Pig Farms in China.

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant and colistin-resistant represents a great risk for public health. In this study, the phenotypical and genetic characteristics of eight carbapenem-resistant and colistin-resistant isolates from pig farms in China were determined by the broth microdilution method and whole genome sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that the eight carbapenem-resistant and colistin-resistant strains were resistant to three aminoglycosides, twelve β-lactams, one of the phenicols, one of the tetracyclines, and one of the fluoroquinolones tested, simultaneously.