This paper presents a new small-signal model for double-channel (DC)-high-electron-mobility transistors, developed through an analysis of the unique coupling effects between channels in devices. Unlike conventional single-channel HEMTs, where electrons only transport laterally in the channel, DC-HEMTs exhibit additional vertical transport between the two channels along the material direction. This double-channel coupling effect significantly limits the applicability of traditional small-signal models to DC-HEMTs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe development of disordered Li dendrite and the adverse reaction between Li and electrolyte impede practical use of Li metal batteries (LMB). Herein, we propose quasi-two-dimensional fluorinated metal-organic framework carbon (q2D-FcMOF) that is utilized to construct artificial solid electrolyte interface (ASEI) to achieve robust interfacial protective double-layer. The outer organic layer provides ample space for Li deposition, while the inner inorganic LiF layer promotes conduction of Li and blocks electron transport.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: The comorbidity of anxiety-like symptoms in neuropathic pain (NP) is a significant yet often overlooked health concern. Anxiety sufferers may have a lower tolerance for pain, but which is difficult to treat. Accumulating evidence suggests a strong link between astrocytes and the manifestation of NP with concurrent anxiety-like behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegrating dietary interventions have been extensively studied for their health benefits, such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and aging. However, it is necessary to fully understand the mechanisms of long-term effects and practical applications of these dietary interventions for health. A 10-week intermittent fasting (IMF) regimen was implemented on the aging animals in the current study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNLRP3 inflammasome activation is pivotal for cytokine secretion and pyroptosis in response to diverse stimuli, playing a crucial role in innate immunity. While extensively studied in mammals, the regulatory mechanisms governing NLRP3 activation in non-mammalian vertebrates remain largely unexplored. Teleosts, as basal vertebrates, represent an ideal model for exploring the evolutionary trajectory of inflammasome regulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpermidine has broad application potential in food, medicine and other fields. In this study, a novel Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cell factory was constructed for production of spermidine from renewablebiomass resources. Firstly, the speB gene was found to be optimal for synthesis of spermidine, and the function of SpeB was explained by amino acid sequence analysis and molecular docking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo conduct a comprehensive investigation of the sarcoma immune cell infiltration (ImmCI) patterns and tumoral microenvironment (TME). We utilized transcriptomic, clinical, and mutation data of sarcoma patients (training cohort) obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) server. Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) and Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithms were applied to decipher the immune cell infiltration landscape and TME profiles of sarcomas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The incidence of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG)-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) is steadily increasing in China, becoming the second leading cause of AP. Clinical complications and outcomes associated with HTG-AP are generally more severe than those seen in AP caused by other etiologies. HTG-AP is closely linked to metabolic dysfunction and frequently coexists with metabolic syndrome or its components.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: With the advancement of world population aging, age-related sarcopenia (SP) imposes enormous clinical burden on hospital. Clinical research of SP in non-geriatric wards has not been appreciated, necessitating further investigation. However, observational studies are susceptible to confounders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNLRP3 inflammasome activation, essential for cytokine secretion and pyroptosis in response to diverse stimuli, is closely associated with various diseases. Upon stimulation, NLRP3 undergoes subcellular membrane trafficking and conformational rearrangements, preparing itself for inflammasome assembly at the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC). Here, we elucidate an orchestrated mechanism underlying these ordered processes using human and murine cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTriethylamine is a common volatile organic compound (VOC) that plays an important role in areas such as organic solvents, chemical industries, dyestuffs, and leather treatments. However, exposure to triethylamine atmosphere can pose a serious threat to human health. In this study, gas-sensing semiconductor materials of LaFeO nano materials with different Mo-doping ratios were synthesized by the sol-gel method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccurately determining the extraction volumes from various aquifers is crucial for effectively managing groundwater overexploitation. A key initial step in quantifying extracted groundwater volumes involves the classification of groundwater wells as either deep or shallow. This study evaluated 881,872 groundwater wells in the Hebei Plain, applying machine learning techniques to classify wells with unknown depths.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Walking stands as the most prevalent physical activity in the daily lives of individuals and is closely associated with physical functioning and the aging process. Nonetheless, the precise cause-and-effect connection between walking and aging remains unexplored. The epigenetic clock emerges as the most promising biological indicator of aging, capable of mirroring the biological age of the human body and facilitating an investigation into the association between walking and aging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSulfonyl groups are motifs that are widely found in biologically active compounds and drug molecules, many isolated natural products as well as pharmaceuticals contain sulfonyl groups. Herein, we present the synthesis of sulfonyl-substituted isoindolones by a electrochemical oxidative radical cascade cycloaddition reaction of olefinic amides with sodium sulfite under oxidant- and catalyst-free conditions. Various olefinic amides and sodium sulfinates were compatible and gave the desired products in yields up to 99%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, a novel strain for degrading chitin was identified as HL37, and the key chitinase CH1 was firstly mined through recombinant expression in HZ12. Subsequently, the sequence composition and catalytic mechanism of CH1 protein were analyzed. The molecular docking indicated that the triplet of Asp526, Asp528, and Glu530 was a catalytic active center.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZinc finger Asp-His-His-Cys motif-containing (zDHHC) proteins, known for their palmitoyltransferase (PAT) activity, play crucial roles in diverse cellular processes, including immune regulation. However, their non-palmitoyltransferase immunomodulatory functions and involvement in teleost immune responses remain underexplored. In this study, we systematically characterized the zDHHC family in the large yellow croaker (), identifying 22 members.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Cancer Res
April 2024
Background: The adenosine triphosphate-binding-cassette (ABC) transporter orchestrates the transmembrane transport of diverse substrates with the aid of ATP as an energy source. ABC transporter constitutes a widespread superfamily of transporters prominently present on the cellular membrane of organisms. Advancements in understanding have unveiled additional roles beyond mere intracellular or extracellular transport functions for the ABC protein family, encompassing involvement in DNA repair, protein translation, and gene expression regulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFlavin mononucleotide (FMN) is a ubiquitous blue-light pigment due to its ability to drive one- and two-electron transfer reactions. In both light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) domains of phototropin from the green algae , FMN is noncovalently bound. In the LOV1 cysteine-to-serine mutant (C57S), light-induced electron transfer from a nearby tryptophan occurs, and a transient spin-correlated radical pair (SCRP) is formed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsteoporosis, characterized by bone metabolism disruption leading to gradual bone loss and increased fracture susceptibility, is linked to the excessive activation of osteoclasts. Pseudolaric acid B (PAB), identified as an NF-κB signaling inhibitor crucial for osteoclastogenesis, is explored here for its protective effects in osteoporosis. Noncytotoxic PAB's impact on osteoclast differentiation was assessed through cell viability and osteoclast formation assays, with subsequent testing of osteoclast function via bone resorption assays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectrochemically active bacteria (EAB) exhibit promising prospects for space exploration and life support systems. However, the effects of the space environment on EAB are unclear. In this study, the effects of simulated microgravity on the current generation of mixed-culture EAB were illustrated, and the underlying mechanism was elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBanana (Musa spp.) production is seriously threatened by low temperature (LT) in tropical and subtropical regions. Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolases (XTHs) are considered chief enzymes in cell wall remodelling and play a central role in stress responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe neurobiological basis of gaining consciousness from unconscious state induced by anesthetics remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the involvement of the cerebello-thalamus-motor cortical loop mediating consciousness transitions from the loss of consciousness (LOC) induced by an inhalational anesthetic sevoflurane in mice. The neural tracing and fMRI together with optochemogenetic manipulation were used to investigate the potential link among cerebello-thalamus-motor cortical brain regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrently, aeroplane images captured by camera sensors are characterized by their small size and intricate backgrounds, posing a challenge for existing deep learning algorithms in effectively detecting small targets. This paper incorporates the RFBNet (a coordinate attention mechanism) and the SIOU loss function into the YOLOv5 algorithm to address this issue. The result is developing the model for aeroplane and undercarriage detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Psychol
December 2023
To investigate whether resource-gaining capacity influences mate preferences, explicit (self-report data) and implicit tasks (eye tracking data) were used to explore whether individuals' resource-gaining capacity influences mate preferences and whether there are sex differences in mate preferences under two different conditions (short-term and long-term strategies). A total of 59 college students completed a questionnaire collecting basic demographic information, the Resource-Gaining Capacity Scale and the two above tasks. The results showed that (1) in the short-term mating, individuals with higher resource-gaining capacity paid more attention to "good parent" than those with lower resource-gaining capacity, while individuals with lower resource-gaining capacity preferred "good provider" than those with higher resource-gaining capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs the aging population continues to increase, aging-related inflammation, oxidative stress, and neurodegenerative diseases have become serious global health threats. Resveratrol, a star molecule in natural polyphenols, has been widely reported to have physiological activities such as anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotection. However, its poor water solubility, rapid metabolism, low bioavailability and poor targeting ability, which limits its application.
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