Discriminative fault diagnosis transfer learning network under joint mechanism.

Unsupervised fault diagnosis methods for rotating machinery are gaining attention but face challenges such as feature extraction from vibration signals, aligning distributions between source and target domains, and managing domain shifts. This paper proposes a novel unsupervised transfer learning method that integrates the Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) attention mechanism to enhance useful features while suppressing redundant ones. An Integrated Distribution Alignment Framework (IDAF) is introduced, which employs the Joint Adaptation Network (JAN) approach to construct a local maximum mean discrepancy in conjunction with Correlation Alignment (CORAL) to improve distribution alignment between domains.

Exploring the repository of de novo-designed bifunctional antimicrobial peptides through deep learning.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are attractive candidates to combat antibiotic resistance for their capability to target biomembranes and restrict a wide range of pathogens. It is a daunting challenge to discover novel AMPs due to their sparse distributions in a vast peptide universe, especially for peptides that demonstrate potencies for both bacterial membranes and viral envelopes. Here, we establish a de novo AMP design framework by bridging a deep generative module and a graph-encoding activity regressor.

Evaluation of antibody responses in healthy individuals receiving SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines.

Inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines such as CoronaVac and BBIBP-CorV have been widely used in China. However, more investigation is still needed to understand antibodies' duration and effectiveness against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants in the real world. In this study, 575 participants who had been vaccinated with two or three doses of the inactivated vaccine were recruited.

Choline metabolism disorder induced by Prevotella is a risk factor for endometrial cancer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer, potentially mediated by vaginal microbiota dysbiosis and hormonal disturbances. This study investigates how hormonal imbalances in PCOS patients affect the vaginal microbiome and choline metabolism, thereby influencing endometrial cancer risk.

Methods: In this observational study, 70 women were enrolled, including 36 with PCOS and 34 controls.

Astaxanthin ameliorates benzalkonium chloride-induced dry eye disease through suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress via Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways.

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) predominantly results from elevated tear film osmolarity, which can not only cause ocular inconvenience but may lead to visual impairments, severely compromising patient well-being and exerting substantial economic burdens as well. Astaxanthin (AST), a member of the xanthophylls and recognized for its robust abilities to combat inflammation and oxidation, is a common dietary supplement. Nonetheless, the precise molecular pathways through which AST influences DED are still poorly understood.

Revealing the Mechanism of Buzhong Yiqi Tang in Ameliorating Autoimmune Thyroiditis via the Toll-like Receptor Pathway.

Objective: Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases and often causes hypothyroidism in patients. As a traditional formulation in my country, Buzhong Yiqi decoction (BZYQD) has significant effects in improving clinical symptoms of AIT and reducing autoantibody titers, but its specific mechanism of action needs to be further explored. The purpose of this study was to explore the effective targets and related mechanisms of Buzhong Yiqi decoction in AIT mice based on transcriptome sequencing technology.

Mediating Roles of Resilience and Stress in Emotion Regulation Strategies and Pilot Job Burnout.

Introduction: Pilot burnout significantly affects flight safety. Despite research on related factors, the intrinsic links between pilots' emotion regulation and burnout are not thoroughly analyzed. The distinctive work environment necessitates advanced emotional regulation skills.

Ultrasmall radical metal organic cage as cascade antioxidant nanozyme for renal injury.

As substitutes for natural enzymes, nanozymes offer tunable enzyme-like activities and remarkable structural stability, granting them the potential to treat various diseases, including renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the majority of developed nanozymes suffer from unclear structures and limited activity profiles, which hinder the study of their structure-activity relationships, catalytic diversity, mass production, and clinical application. Herein, we introduce an atomically precise and ultrasmall cascade nanozyme based on a radical-functionalized metal-organic cage (MOC-R).

Identification of High-Risk Cells in Single-Cell Spatially Resolved Transcriptomics Data Using Deep Transfer Learning.

Background: The examination of high-risk cells and regions in tissue samples from spatially resolved transcriptomics platforms, offers meaningful insights into specific disease processes. For existing methods, while cell types or clusters can be identified and associated with disease attributes, individual cells are unable to be associated in the same manner which may result in failing to identify subsets of cells associated with disease attributes especially if the disease-associated cells cluster together with non-disease-associated cells.

Method: DEGAS (Diagnostic Evidence Gauge of Single-cells) [5], solves the above problem with a sophisticated deep transfer learning algorithm designed to identify high-risk components in single-cell RNA sequencing data from tumor samples.

Circular RNA hsa_circ_0000288 protects against epilepsy in mice by binding to and stabilizing caprin1 protein.

Current anti-epileptic drugs remain to be unsatisfactory, new therapeutic approaches are needed. Circular RNA is a promising class of therapeutic RNAs. Recent studies have shown the role of circRNA in the pathologic process of epilepsy.

Hypertension moderates the relationship between plasma beta-amyloid and cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional study in Xi'an, China.

Background: Plasma beta-amyloid (Aβ) are important biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and cognitive impairment (CI), but results are controversial. It remains unclear whether hypertension modulates their relationship. This cross-sectional study investigates whether hypertension moderates the relationship between plasma Aβ and cognitive impairment (CI).

Effective strategies for reducing pilots' job burnout: cognitive reappraisal guided by high resilience with perceived stress as a mediator.

The aviation industry is acknowledged for its high-risk, high-pressure nature, where pilots' job burnout has adverse effects on well-being and industry performance. Understanding solutions to pilot job burnout is crucial for addressing the aforementioned challenges. Cognitive reappraisal, a double-edged sword, has yet to be proven effective in its application to this specific population, and there is a lack of research explaining why cognitive reappraisal can reduce job burnout.

Multi-beam formation of a tiled fiber laser array with closed-loop control.

Tiled fiber laser arrays have attracted significant attention for their potential in power scaling and mitigation of atmospheric turbulence. In recent years, the capability to form multiple beams has been highly desirable across a variety of applications. However, existing tiled laser arrays have been limited to generating a single combined beam owing to optimization-based control algorithms.

Golgi protein 73: charting new territories in diagnosing significant fibrosis in MASLD: a prospective cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To explore the correlation between serum Golgi protein 73 (GP73) levels and the degree of fibrosis in Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD); to establish a non-invasive diagnostic algorithm based on serum GP73 and liver elasticity.

Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study, including 228 patients diagnosed with MASLD from May 2018 to January 2024 at two tertiary hospitals. Clinical data and hepatic pathological features and the correlation between serum GP73 and liver fibrosis were assessed.

Cytoplasmic G6PDs modulate callus formation in Arabidopsis root explants through regulation of very-long-chain fatty acids accumulation.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, impacts cancer cell proliferation and plant stress responses. However, its role in plant cell dedifferentiation and callus formation is not well understood. This study explores the function of cytoplasmic G6PD isoforms in Arabidopsis pericycle cell reprogramming into callus by employing a suite of mutant analyses, qRT-PCR, and GC-MS.

Is It Just About Scrolling? The Correlation of Passive Social Media Use with College Students' Subjective Well-Being Based on Social Comparison Experiences and Orientation Assessed Using a Two-Stage Hybrid Structural Equation Modeling-Artificial Neural Network Method.

Previous studies have found that passive social media use (PaSMU) tends to induce upward contrast, thereby affecting well-being. However, this perspective alone may overlook the mechanisms of other social comparison phenomena. This study analyzes the influence mechanism of PaSMU on subjective well-being (SWB) by categorizing social comparison into upward identification, upward contrast, downward identification, and downward contrast while incorporating social comparison orientation (SCO) as a moderating variable.

Effect of conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes mediated by plasmids on the microecology of different intestinal segments.

Introduction: The conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) mediated by plasmids occurred in different intestinal segments of mice was explored.

Methods: The location of ARG donor bacteria and ARGs was investigated by qPCR, flow cytometry, and small animal imaging. The resistant microbiota was analyzed by gene amplification sequencing.

The sow vaginal and gut microbiota associated with longevity and reproductive performance.

Background: Sow longevity and reproductivity are essential in the modern swine industry. Although many studies have focused on the genetic and genomic factors for selection, little is known about the associations between the microbiome and sows with longevity in reproduction.

Results: In this study, we collected and sequenced rectal and vaginal swabs from 48 sows, nine of which completed up to four parities (U4P group), exhibiting reproductive longevity.

Shared chemoresistance genes in ESCC and cervical Cancer: Insights from pharmacogenomics and Mendelian randomization.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, particularly the use of platinum-based compounds and taxanes, is pivotal in the treatment of epithelial-derived tumors, such as cervical cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); however, resistance remains a significant challenge. Utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR) with pharmacogenomics offers a novel approach to understanding the genetic underpinnings of drug responses, thereby aiding in personalized treatment.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis revealed a shared cellular subpopulation of CD8 + T effector memory (CD8 + TEM) cells that are pivotal in mediating chemotherapy resistance in ESCC and cervical cancer.

Improved HO Photogeneration on KBr Doped-Polymeric Carbon Nitride Via Optimize the Oxygen Reduction Path.

The photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (HO) from oxygen (O) represents a promising catalytic pathway, the limited efficiency of the oxygen reduction constitutes a primary barrier to enhancing production. In this content, alkali metal potassium (K) and Br-doped g-CN photocatalysts (K-CN) were successfully constructed by one-pot method. The introduction of K is not only beneficial to the transmission of space charge and the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers, but also promotes the efficient production of HO by 2e oxygen reduction reaction.

Airway exposure to lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide particles induces alterations in lung microenvironment and potential kidney and liver damage in mice.

With the increasing use of lithium-ion batteries, the exposure and health effects of lithium nickel manganate cobalt (NMC), a popular cathode material for the battery, have attracted widespread attention. However, the main absorption routes and target organs of NMC are unknown. This study aims to systematically investigate the main absorption routes and target organs of NMC.

Identification of key necroptosis-related genes and immune landscape in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy.

Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is a major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney failure. Necroptosis is a novel type of programmed cell death that has been proved to be associated with the pathogenesis of infectious disease, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders and so on. However, the role of necroptosis in IgAN remains unclear.

Effects of pharmacogenomics-guided treatment on medication adherence and the antidepressant switching rate in major depressive disorder.

Background: In the treatment of depression, medication plays a crucial role. However, insufficient patient adherence to medication often results in unsatisfactory treatment outcomes, increasing both the recurrence and rehospitalization rates of depression, and consequently imposing a greater economic burden on the healthcare system.

Objectives: Our objective was to examine the impact of pharmacogenomic testing on medication adherence and antidepressant switching rates among individuals diagnosed with depression.

Gradient boosting reveals spatially diverse cholesterol gene signatures in colon cancer.

Colon cancer (CC) is the second most common cause of cancer deaths and the fourth most prevalent cancer in the United States. Recently cholesterol metabolism has been identified as a potential therapeutic avenue due to its consistent association with tumor treatment effects and overall prognosis. We conducted differential gene analysis and KEGG pathway analysis on paired tumor and adjacent-normal samples from the TCGA Colon Adenocarcinoma project, identifying that bile secretion was the only significantly downregulated pathway.