A high-performance X-ray detector based on large-size perovskite MAPbI single crystals grown by environmentally friendly solvents and advanced systems.

In this paper, we report a novel hermetically sealed and precisely temperature-controlled growth system that grows MAPbI single crystals up to a size of 60 × 48 × 22 mm. The grown crystals have lower defects and higher quality. It is expected to facilitate the commercialization of perovskite single crystals for optoelectronic applications.

The relationships between short video addiction, subjective well-being, social support, personality, and core self-evaluation: a latent profile analysis.

Background: The proportion of short video addiction (SVA) is increasing among different populations, and its impact on the adolescent group has attracted research attention in recent years. To better explore the heterogeneity of individuals addicted to short videos and the antecedents of their addiction, the present study used quantitative research to conduct a latent profile analysis (LPA) of college students' SVA from the perspective of internal and external resources.

Methods: Referring to the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) theory, this study explores the relationship between subgroups of SVA on the one hand and subjective well-being (SWB), social support (SS), core self-evaluation (CSE), and extraversion on the other using latent profile analysis.

Dietary niacin supplementation improves meat quality, muscle fiber type, and mitochondrial function in heat-stressed Taihe black-bone silky fowls.

Background: A recent study has shown that niacin supplementation induces the conversion of type II to type I muscle fibres, thereby promoting a phenotypic shift in oxidative metabolism in porcine skeletal muscle. These effects may be mediated by modulation of the AMPK1/SIRT1 pathway, which activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a key regulator of fibre conversion, thereby promoting skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and myofibre conversion. In this study, we explored how niacin (NA) supplementation impacts the quality of meat and the characteristics of muscle fibers in Taihe Black-bone Silky Fowls (TBsf) exposed to heat conditions.

Dietary Tributyrin Improves Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Muscle Oxidative Status, and Gut Microbiota in Taihe Silky Fowls under Cyclic Heat Stress.

Heat stress adversely affects poultry production and meat quality, leading to economic losses. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding tributyrin on growth performance, meat quality, muscle oxidative status, and gut microbiota of Taihe silky fowls under cyclic heat stress (CHS) conditions. In this study, 120-day-old Taihe silky fowls (male) were randomly divided into six dietary treatments.

Nephrotic syndrome associated with solid malignancies: a systematic review.

Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) can occur as a paraneoplastic disorder in association with various types of carcinoma. However, paraneoplastic nephrotic syndrome (PNS) is often misdiagnosed as idiopathic nephrotic syndrome or as an adverse effect of oncology treatment, leading to delayed diagnosis and suboptimal treatment. The characteristics of NS associated with solid malignancies are not yet elucidated.

Two-dimensional MoB with ordered metal vacancies obtained for advanced thermoelectric applications based on first-principles calculations.

The study and development of high thermoelectric properties is crucial for the next generation of microelectronic and wearable electronics. Derived from the recent experimental realization of layers of transition metal molybdenum and boride, we report the theoretical realization of advanced thermoelectric properties in two-dimensional (2D) transition metal boride MoB ( = 0, 0.05, 0.

Outward foreign direct investment and GVC position of manufacturing industry: A perspective on China's general trade and processing trade structure.

Depending on the trading modes, the effect of Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) on the manufacturing industry's position within the global value chain (GVC) may differ considerably. This paper examines the GVC position of China's manufacturing industry from 2003 to 2018, specifically focusing on the general trade and processing trade. Drawing upon this premise, this paper analyzes the effect and mechanism by which OFDI influences the GVC position of China's manufacturing industry.

Charge Shielding-Oriented Design of Zinc-Based Nanoparticle Liquids for Controlled Nanofabrication.

Metal-containing nanoparticles possess nanoscale sizes, but the exploitation of their nanofeatures in nanofabrication processes remains challenging. Herein, we report the realization of a class of zinc-based nanoparticle liquids and their potential for applications in controlled nanofabrication. Utilizing the metal-core charge shielding strategy, we prepared nanoparticles that display glass-to-liquid transition behavior with glass transition temperature far below room temperature (down to -50.

ISA: Ingenious Siamese Attention for object detection algorithms towards complex scenes.

The interference of complex environments on object detection tasks dramatically limits the application of object detection algorithms. Improving the detection accuracy of the object detection algorithms is able to effectively enhance the stability and reliability of the object detection algorithm-based tasks in complex environments. In order to ameliorate the detection accuracy of object detection algorithms under various complex environment transformations, this work proposes the Siamese Attention YOLO (SAYOLO) object detection algorithm based on ingenious siamese attention structure.

Critical dimension prediction of metal oxide nanoparticle photoresists for electron beam lithography using a recurrent neural network.

The critical dimension (CD) of lithographic patterns is the most significant indicator for evaluating the imaging performance of photoresists, and its value is seriously affected by process conditions. However, the lithographic imaging system is highly nonlinear, and extensive exposure experiments are needed to obtain the desired CD. This consumes lots of time, manpower, and cost in screening for optimal process conditions.

Theoretical Insights into the Solubility Polarity Switch of Metal-Organic Nanoclusters for Nanoscale Patterning.

Metal-organic nanoclusters(MOCs) are being increasingly used as prospective photoresist candidates for advanced nanoscale lithography technologies. However, insight into the irradiation-induced solubility switching process remains unclear. Hereby, the theoretical study employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the alkene-containing zirconium oxide MOC photoresists is reported, which is rationally synthesized accordingly, to disclose the mechanism of the nanoscale patterning driven by the switch of solubility from the acid-catalyzed or electron-triggered ligand dissociation.

Process optimization of line patterns in extreme ultraviolet lithography using machine learning and a simulated annealing algorithm.

Resolution, line edge/width roughness, and sensitivity (RLS) are critical indicators for evaluating the imaging performance of resists. As the technology node gradually shrinks, stricter indicator control is required for high-resolution imaging. However, current research can improve only part of the RLS indicators of resists for line patterns, and it is difficult to improve the overall imaging performance of resists in extreme ultraviolet lithography.

The effect of institutions and urbanization on environmental quality: evidence from the Belt and Road Initiative countries using dynamic panel models.

Increased globalization in urban areas raise energy consumption that leads to high carbon dioxide discharge and degrade environmental quality. Other economic activities also produce emission; however, a well-established institutional framework can overcome the issues of environmental degradation and minimize the effect of harmful factors on the environment. In this regard, this study investigates the effect of urbanization, energy consumption, and industrialization on carbon dioxide emission by taking into consideration the role of institutional quality in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries for the period of 2002 to 2019.

Dynamic multi-objective evolutionary optimization algorithm based on two-stage prediction strategy.

Tracking pareto-optimal set or pareto-optimal front in limited time is an important problem of dynamic multi-objective optimization evolutionary algorithms (DMOEAs). However, the current DMOEAs suffer from some deficiencies. In the early optimization process, the algorithms may suffer from random search.

Artificial intelligence of digital morphology analyzers improves the efficiency of manual leukocyte differentiation of peripheral blood.

Background And Objective: Morphological identification of peripheral leukocytes is a complex and time-consuming task, having especially high requirements for personnel expertise. This study is to investigate the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in assisting the manual leukocyte differentiation of peripheral blood.

Methods: A total of 102 blood samples that triggered the review rules of hematology analyzers were enrolled.

Multi-objective evolutionary multitasking algorithm based on cross-task transfer solution matching strategy.

The superior performance of evolutionary multitasking (EMT) algorithms is largely owing to the potential synergy between tasks. Current EMT algorithms only involve a unidirectional process of transferring individuals from the source task to the target task. This method does not consider the search preference of the target task in the process of finding transferred individuals; therefore, the potential synergy between tasks is not fully utilized.

Canny Algorithm Enabling Precise Offline Line Edge Roughness Acquisition in High-Resolution Lithography.

The line edge roughness (LER) is one of the most critical indicators of photoresist imaging performance, and its measurement using a reliable method is of great significance for lithography. However, most studies only investigate photoresist resolution and sensitivity because LER measurements require an expensive and not widely available critical dimension scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technology; thus, the imaging performance of photoresist has not been adequately evaluated. Here, we report an image processing software developed for offline calculation of LER that can analyze lithographic patterns with resolutions up to ∼15 nm.

Exceptional Light Sensitivity by Thiol-Ene Click Lithography.

Lithographic patterning, which utilizes the solubility switch of photoresists to convert optical signals into nanostructures on the substrate, is the primary top-down approach for nanoscale fabrication. However, the low light/electron-energy conversion efficiency severely limits the throughput of lithography. Thiol-ene reaction, as a photoinitiated radical addition reaction, is widely known as click reaction in the field of chemistry due to its extremely high efficiency.

Porous carbon-based metal-free monolayers towards highly stable and flexible wearable thermoelectrics and microelectronics.

In the search for high mechanical strength and flexibility, ultrahigh semiconducting speed is crucial for the next generation of microelectronic and wearable electronics. Herein, we propose two 2D graphene-like macrocyclic complex carbon-based monolayers, namely g-MC-A and g-MC-B. Both monolayers are dynamically stable according to phonon dispersion and molecular dynamics simulations.

First-Principles Study on Mechanical and Optical Behavior of Plutonium Oxide under Typical Structural Phases and Vacancy Defects.

The chemical corrosion aging of plutonium is a very important topic. It is easy to be corroded and produces oxidation products of various valence states because of its 5f electron orbit between local and non-local. On the one hand, the phase diagram of plutonium and oxygen is complex, so there is still not enough research on typical structural phases.

A multi-objective multi-tasking evolutionary algorithm based inverse mapping and adaptive transformation strategy: IM-MFEA.

Multi-tasking optimization algorithm attracts much attention because the knowledge transfer between tasks enables the algorithm to process multiple related tasks simultaneously. However, negative knowledge transfer occasionally occurs, which may weaken the performance of the algorithm. To reduce the impact of negative knowledge transfer, a multi-objective multi-tasking optimization algorithm (IM-MFEA) based on inverse model mapping and an objective transformation strategy is proposed.

Directed Brain Network Analysis for Fatigue Driving Based on EEG Source Signals.

Fatigue driving is one of the major factors that leads to traffic accidents. Long-term monotonous driving can easily cause a decrease in the driver's attention and vigilance, manifesting a fatigue effect. This paper proposes a means of revealing the effects of driving fatigue on the brain's information processing abilities, from the aspect of a directed brain network based on electroencephalogram (EEG) source signals.

MOEA3H: Multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on hierarchical decision, heuristic learning and historical environment.

Generating feasible solution and selecting valuable solution are the most important issues when dealing with complicated multi-objective problems. Focusing on these issues, the mechanism of multi-objective problem is analyzed by evolutionary history and environmental information. Hierarchical decision based on rank fitness of distance correlation is proposed to guide the evolutionary operator.

Translational and Clinical Applications of Dental Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising seed cells in tissue repair and regeneration due to their featured properties of self-renewal and multipotency. However, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated that MSCs exert biological functions mainly through secreting exosomes. Exosomes, which contain RNA, proteins, lipids, and metabolites, are new players in regulating many fundamental processes and play important roles in regenerative medicine.