In situ Raman reveals the critical role of Pd in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to CH4 on Cu-based catalysts.

Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) for CH4 production presents a promising strategy to address carbon neutrality, and the incorporation of a second metal has been proven effective in enhancing catalyst performance. Nevertheless, there remains limited comprehension regarding the fundamental factors responsible for the improved performance. Herein, the critical role of Pd in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to CH4 on Cu-based catalysts has been revealed at a molecular level using in situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS).

Direct Capturing and Regulating Key Intermediates for High-Efficiency Oxygen Evolution Reactions.

Developing efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts can greatly advance the commercialization of proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis. However, the unclear and disputed reaction mechanism and structure-activity relationship of OER pose significant obstacles. Herein, the active site and intermediate for OER on AuIr nanoalloys are simultaneously identified and correlated with the activity, through the integration of in situ shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

Tim-3 protects against cisplatin nephrotoxicity by inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammation.

The impact of Tim-3 (T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3) on cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury was investigated in this study. Cisplatin-induced Tim-3 expression in mice kidney tissues and proximal tubule-derived BUMPT cells in a time-dependent manner. Compared with wild-type mice, Tim-3 knockout mice have higher levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen, enhanced TUNEL staining signals, more severe 8-OHdG (8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine) accumulation, and increased cleavage of caspase 3.

Changes in the Gut Microbiome Contribute to the Development of Behcet's Disease Adjuvant Effects.

Behcet's disease (BD) is associated with considerable gut microbiome changes. However, it still remains unknown how the composition of the gut microbiome exactly affects the development of this disease. In this study, transplantation of stool samples from patients with active ocular BD to mice oral gavage was performed.

Linoleic acid inhibits in vitro function of human and murine dendritic cells, CD4T cells and retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Purpose: Increased linoleic acid (LA) was observed in acute anterior uveitis (AAU) patient feces in our previous study. To investigate the immunoregulatory effect of LA, we studied the effect of LA on human and murine dendritic cells (DCs), CD4T cells, and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in vitro.

Methods: The level of LA in feces from AAU patients and healthy individuals was measured by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS).

Analysis of the role of palmitoleic acid in acute anterior uveitis.

Purpose: To study the role of palmitoleic acid (PA) in the pathogenesis of acute anterior uveitis (AAU).

Methods: PA levels in feces from AAU patients were measured by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and compared with samples obtained from healthy individuals. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to assess the effect of PA on dendritic cells (DCs) and CD4T cells obtained from mice, AAU patients and healthy individuals.

The Rs12569232 SNP Association with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease and Behcet's Disease is Probably Mediated by Regulation of Linc00467 Expression.

: To investigate whether the rs12569232 SNP association with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease and Behcet's disease is mediated by regulation of Linc00467 expression.: The expression of linc00467 was detected by real-time PCR. Adenovirus carrying the linc00467 was transduced into CD4T cells and the effect on cell viability was measured by the CCK-8 test.

Effect of berberine on spleen transcriptome and gut microbiota composition in experimental autoimmune uveitis.

Background: Berberine (BBR) was reported to have immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated whether BBR could exert its effects on the development of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), and if so, what was the underlying mechanism?

Methods: EAU was induced in B10R.III mice by immunization with IRBP 161-180, followed by 100 mg/kg/d BBR intragastric administration.

Longitudinal Study of Visual Function in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease Using Full-Field Electroretinography.

Purpose: To investigate the dynamic changes of full-field electroretinography (ffERG) and its relationship with structural changes in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease.

Design: Interventional case series.

Methods: A total of 42 VKH patients (84 eyes) and 45 normal controls (90 eyes) were included in this study.