Single-cell profiling reveals a reduced epithelial defense system, decreased immune responses and the immune regulatory roles of different fibroblast subpopulations in chronic atrophic gastritis.

Purpose: To identify key cellular changes and molecular events in atrophic mucosa, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving the occurrence of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG).

Methods: We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to characterize changes in the epithelial state and tissue microenvironment associated with CAG. The molecular changes were identified by comparing differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two mucosa states.

Prediction and mechanism of combined toxicity of surfactants and antibiotics in aquatic environment based on in silico method.

The coexistence of surfactants and antibiotics in aquatic environments can potentially trigger combined toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Unfortunately, the effects of these joint toxins and the corresponding mechanism remain unclear. In this study, we performed individual and combined toxicity experiments involving surfactants and antibiotics.

Big picture thinking of global PM-related COPD: Spatiotemporal trend, driving force, minimal burden and economic loss.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading global cause of morbidity and mortality, with increasing evidence linking long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) to accelerated lung function decline and exacerbation of COPD symptoms. This study aimed to assess the global burden of PM-related COPD from 1990 to 2021 and project future health and economic impacts. Using Mendelian randomization, the causal relationship between PM exposure and COPD was confirmed.

Global impact of PM on cardiovascular disease: Causal evidence and health inequities across region from 1990 to 2021.

PM is an important environmental risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and poses a threat to global health. This study combines bibliometric analysis, Mendelian randomization (MR), and Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data to comprehensively explore the relationship between PM exposure and CVD. MR analyses provided strong evidence for causality, reinforcing findings from traditional observational studies.

Predictive model in silicon and pathogenicity mechanism of metabolic syndrome: Impacts of heavy metal exposure.

Although the association between heavy metals in human and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been extensively studied, the pathogenic mechanism of MetS affected by metals is not clear to date. In this study, a predictive model was developed with machine learning base on the large-scale dataset. These proposed models were evaluated via comparatively analysis of their accuracy and robustness.

Computational simulation of bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of antibiotics mechanisms in aquatic food chain.

Numerous antibiotics have been detected in aquatic ecosystems and induced severe toxic effects on aquatic organisms. However, mechanisms of bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of antibiotics are not adequately discussed, to the best of our knowledge. In this context, the bidirectional selective effect values (BSEV) and trophic transfer efficiency ratio (TTER) of 24 antibiotics in a simulated food chain (Chlorella sorokiniana-Daphnia magna-Danio rerio) were first calculated to mirror the bioaccumulation and biomagnification.

Toxicological interactions of cosmetic and personal care additives mixtures: An update based on measurement and simulation.

The toxicity of chemical mixtures may be misestimated, as the assessment of individual chemicals may not adequately reflect their combined toxic effects. However, numerous combinations of chemicals and various interactions make it impossible to measure all possible mixtures. Computational toxicology can help to mitigate this issue, particularly with new methodologies that rely upon alternatives to animal testing.

GPA1 is a determinant of leaf width and fruit size in tomato.

The identification and dissection of the genetic foundations underlying natural variations in crop species are critical for understanding their phenotypic diversity and for subsequent application in selective breeding. In this research, we identify a natural polymorphism in the promoter region of the G protein α subunit 1 (GPA1) gene, which is associated with the width of the tomato leaves. This may be an evolutionary consequence resulting from the domestication processes aimed at increasing fruit size.

Caring through uncertainty: a qualitative exploration of older colorectal cancer caregivers' experiences during palliative chemotherapy.

Purpose: Despite the increasing research on cancer patient caregivers, there is still a lack of detailed understanding about the experiences of spouses caring for elderly colorectal cancer patients. This study aimed to fill this gap by examining the caregiving experiences of spouses during palliative chemotherapy for elderly Chinese colorectal cancer patients.

Methods: Using a qualitative descriptive design, we recruited spousal caregivers of elderly colorectal cancer patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy.

A Proposal of Utilizing Six Types of Involvement Model to Guide Kindergarten to 12th Grade School Parental Communication and Support During a Pandemic.

Background: Effective communication between schools and parents Is crucial for fostering understanding, trust, and collaboration to enhance educational outcomes and student well-being, especially during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the current level of communication between schools and families is frequently insufficient, exacerbating the difficulties in parental engagement, comprehension, and certain policy implementation. This deficiency becomes even more pronounced during crises due to the added stressors.

Efficient reduction of CO and inhibition of hydrogen precipitation by polyoxometalate photocatalyst modified with the metal Mn.

Photocatalytic reduction of CO to chemical fuels is attractive for solving both the greenhouse effect and the energy crisis, but the key challenge is to design and synthesize photocatalysts with remarkable performance under visible light irradiation. Efficient catalytic carbon dioxide reduction (CORR) with light is considered a promising sustainable and clean approach to solve environmental problems. Herein, we found a new photocatalyst ([Mn(en)][VBO(OH)]) (abbreviated as MnV) based on the modifiability of polyoxometalates, in which Mn acts as a modifying unit to efficiently reduce CO to CO and effectively inhibit the hydrogen precipitation reaction.

Efficient secretion of an enzyme cocktail in Escherichia coli for hemicellulose degradation.

The use of host to secrete several hemicellulase is a cost-effective way for hemicellulose degradation. In this study, the xylose utilization gene xylAB of Escherichia coli BL21 was knocked out, and the xylanase (N20Xyl), β-xylosidase (Xys), and feruloyl esterase (FaeLam) were co-expressed in this strain. By measuring the content of reducing sugars generated by enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat bran in the fermentation supernatant, the order of the three enzymes was screened to obtain the optimal recombinant strain of E.

Nanopolystyrene size effect and its combined acute toxicity with halogenated PAHs on Daphnia magna.

Nanoplastics (NPs, diameter <1 μm) not only have toxicity but also change the toxicity of other pollutants in water. To date, the nanopolystyrene (nano-PS) size effect and its combined toxicity with halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HPAHs) remain unclear. In this study, the single toxicity, combined toxicity, and mode of action of the binary mixture of polystyrene (PS) and HPAH were examined.

Sensitive sensing of Hg(II) based on lattice B and surface F co-doped CeO: Synergies of catalysis and adsorption brought by doping site engineering.

Transition metal oxides are widely used in the detection of heavy metal ions (HMIs), and the co-doping strategy that introducing a variety of different dopant atoms to modify them can obtain a better detection performance. However, there is very little research on the co-doped transition metal oxides by non-metallic elements for electrochemical detection. Herein, boron (B) and fluorine (F) co-doped CeO nanomaterial (BFC) is constructed to serve as the electrochemically sensitive interface for the detection of Hg(II).

Predicted no-effect concentration for eight PAHs and their ecological risks in seven major river systems of China.

The initial step in the assessment of the ecological risk of pollutants is to determine the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC). However, ecological risk assessments of eight carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), methylcholanthrene (MCA), benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), chrysene (CHR), benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF), benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), and dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (DBA), are rarely conducted due to the lack of their PNECs based on test data. In this study, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models and interspecies correlation estimation (ICE) models were combined to predict the acute toxicity of these eight target PHAs.

Hemolysin from Aeromonas hydrophila enhances the host's serum enzyme activity and regulates transcriptional responses in the spleen of Cyprinus rubrofuscus.

Aeromonas hydrophila is a conditional pathogen impacting public hygiene and safety. Hemolysin is a virulence factor of Aeromonas hydrophila that causes erythrocyte hemolysis, yet its transcriptional response to Cyprinus rubrofuscus remains unknown. Our investigation confirmed the hemolysis of hemolysin from A.

G protein-coupled estrogen receptor activation by bisphenol-A disrupts lipid metabolism and induces ferroptosis in the liver.

As a metabolic disruptor, bisphenol A (BPA) has been widely reported to disrupt lipid balance. Moreover, BPA has gained significant attention due to its estrogenic activity. While both ferroptosis and the G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) have been implicated in lipid metabolism, their link to BPA-induced lipid accumulation remains unclear.

Intergenerational toxic effects of parental exposure to [C mim]NO (n = 2,4,6) on nervous and skeletal development in zebrafish offspring.

Ionic liquids (ILs) are thought to have negative effects on human health. Researchers have explored the effects of ILs on zebrafish development during the early stages, but the intergenerational toxicity of ILs on zebrafish development has rarely been reported. Herein, parental zebrafish were exposed to different concentrations (0, 12.

A Sleep-Specific Midbrain Target for Sevoflurane Anesthesia.

Sevoflurane has been the most widely used inhaled anesthetics with a favorable recovery profile; however, the precise mechanisms underlying its anesthetic action are still not completely understood. Here the authors show that sevoflurane activates a cluster of urocortin 1 (UCN1 )/cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART ) neurons in the midbrain involved in its anesthesia. Furthermore, growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) is highly enriched in sevoflurane-activated UCN1 /CART cells and is necessary for sleep induction.

Proteolysis modification targeting protein corona affects ultrasound-induced membrane homeostasis of saccharomyces cerevisiae: Analysis of lipid relative contributions on membrane properties.

Introduction: Protein corona (PCN) adsorbed on the surface of nanoparticles has brought new research perspectives for the interaction between nanoparticles and microorganisms. In this study, the responses of ' membrane lipid composition, the average length of the fatty acyl chains and the average number of unsaturation of fatty acids to ultrasound combined with nano-FeO@PCN with time-limited proteolysis (nano-FeO@TLP-PCN) was investigated.

Methods: Lipidomic data was obtained using Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a Q-Exactive plus mass spectrometer.

Looking at the upper facial half enlarges the range of holistic face processing.

Previous studies suggested that upper and lower facial halves might be involved in the human holistic face processing differently. In this study, we replicated and extended the finding above. In Experiment 1, we used the standard composite-face task to measure holistic face processing when participants made judgements on the upper and lower facial halves separately.

Dissociating the Multiple Psychological Processes in Everyday Moral Decision-Making with the CAN Algorithm.

In previous research frameworks, researchers used an everyday dilemma to test people's altruistic versus egoistic inclination. However, there are at least three different psychological processes that could induce altruistic over egoistic decisions, i.e.