Diazotrophic Community Variation Underlies Differences in Nitrogen Fixation Potential in Paddy Soils Across a Climatic Gradient in China.

Biological nitrogen (N) fixation as a source of new N input into the soil by free-living diazotrophs is important for achieving sustainable rice agriculture. However, the dominant environmental drivers or factors influencing N fixation and the functional significance of the diazotroph community structure in paddy soil across a climatic gradient are not yet well understood. Thus, we characterized the diazotroph community and identified the ecological predictors of N fixation potential in four different climate zones (mid-temperate, warm-temperate, subtropical, and tropical paddy soils) in eastern China.

Publisher Correction: Nitric oxide-dependent anaerobic ammonium oxidation.

The original HTML version of this Article had an incorrect Published online date of 20 March 2019; it should have been 18 March 2019. This has been corrected in the HTML version of the Article. The PDF version was correct from the time of publication.

Nitric oxide-dependent anaerobic ammonium oxidation.

Nitric oxide (NO) has important functions in biology and atmospheric chemistry as a toxin, signaling molecule, ozone depleting agent and the precursor of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (NO). Although NO is a potent oxidant, and was available on Earth earlier than oxygen, it is unclear whether NO can be used by microorganisms for growth. Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria couple nitrite reduction to ammonium oxidation with NO and hydrazine as intermediates, and produce N and nitrate.

Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in patients with breast cancer: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: The prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in breast cancer remains controversial. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to determine the impact of Foxp3+ Tregs infiltration on survival outcomes.

Methods: Relevant literature was retrieved from Pubmed, Web of science and Cocohrane until May 30, 2016.

Interleukin-8 upregulates integrin β3 expression and promotes estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cell invasion by activating the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway.

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) possesses tumorigenic and proangiogenic properties and is overexpressed in many human cancers. The integrin family regulates a diverse array of cellular functions crucial to the initiation, progression and metastasis of solid tumors. However, the mechanisms of action of IL-8 and integrin in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer are largely unknown.

Community size and composition of ammonia oxidizers and denitrifiers in an alluvial intertidal wetland ecosystem.

Global nitrogen cycling is mainly mediated by the activity of microorganisms. Nitrogen cycle processes are mediated by functional groups of microorganisms that are affected by constantly changing environmental conditions and substrate availability. In this study, we investigated the temporal and spatial patterns of nitrifier and denitrifier communities in an intertidal wetland.

The first complete genome sequence of the class Fimbriimonadia in the phylum Armatimonadetes.

In this study, we present the complete genome of Fimbriimonas ginsengisoli Gsoil 348T belonging to the class Fimbriimonadia of the phylum Armatimonadetes, formerly called as candidate phylum OP10. The complete genome contains a single circular chromosome of 5.23 Mb including a 45.

High specific activity for anammox bacteria enriched from activated sludge at 10°C.

Anammox in the water line of a waste water treatment plant (WWTP) saves energy for aeration and allows for recovering biogas from organic material. Main challenges for applying the anammox process in the water line are related to the low temperature of <20°C, causing a significant drop in the specific anammox activity. The aim of this research was to enrich a cold-adapted anammox species, with a high specific activity.

Lysozyme and penicillin inhibit the growth of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing planctomycetes.

Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) planctomycetes oxidize ammonium in the absence of molecular oxygen with nitrite as the electron acceptor. Although planctomycetes are generally assumed to lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls, recent genome data imply that the anammox bacteria have the genes necessary to synthesize peptidoglycan-like cell wall structures. In this study, we investigated the effects of two antibacterial agents that target the integrity and synthesis of peptidoglycan (lysozyme and penicillin G) on the anammox bacterium Kuenenia stuttgartiensis.

Nitrogen removal with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process.

Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria convert ammonium to N2 with nitrite as the terminal electron acceptor in the absence of O2. Nitritation-anammox bioreactors provide a cost-effective and environment-friendly alternative to conventional nitrification/denitrification nitrogen removal systems. Currently, this process is only applied for ammonium removal from wastewater with high ammonium load and temperature.

Nitrogen removal by a nitritation-anammox bioreactor at low temperature.

Currently, nitritation-anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) bioreactors are designed to treat wastewaters with high ammonium concentrations at mesophilic temperatures (25 to 40°C). The implementation of this technology at ambient temperatures for nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater following carbon removal may lead to more-sustainable technology with energy and cost savings. However, the application of nitritation-anammox bioreactors at low temperatures (characteristic of municipal wastewaters except in tropical and subtropical regions) has not yet been explored.

Metagenome Analysis of a Complex Community Reveals the Metabolic Blueprint of Anammox Bacterium "Candidatus Jettenia asiatica".

Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria are key players in the global nitrogen cycle and responsible for significant global nitrogen loss. Moreover, the anammox process is widely implemented for nitrogen removal from wastewaters as a cost-effective and environment-friendly alternative to conventional nitrification-denitrification systems. Currently, five genera of anammox bacteria have been identified, together forming a deep-branching order in the Planctomycetes-Verrucomicrobium-Chlamydiae superphylum.

Description of Fimbriimonas ginsengisoli gen. nov., sp. nov. within the Fimbriimonadia class nov., of the phylum Armatimonadetes.

Strain Gsoil 348(T) was isolated from a ginseng field soil sample by selecting micro-colonies from one-fifth strength modified R2A agar medium after a long incubation period. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the strain is related to members of the phylum Armatimonadetes (formerly called candidate phylum OP10). Strain Gsoil 348(T) is mesophilic, strictly aerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped.

Rapid and simple cryopreservation of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria.

A quick and simple protocol for long-term cryopreservation of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (anammox bacteria) was developed. After 29 weeks of preservation at -80°C, activity recovery for all tested cultures under at least one of the applied sets of preservation conditions was observed. Growth recovery was also demonstrated for a single-cell culture of "Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis.

Bacterial diversity of water and sediment in the Changjiang estuary and coastal area of the East China Sea.

The Changjiang estuary and the coastal area of the East China Sea (ECS) represent important interfaces of terrestrial and marine environments. This study included analyses of water and sediments collected during different seasons in these regions to determine the composition of microbial assemblages by means of 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. We retrieved 1946 sequences and 779 distinct operational taxonomic units from 36 clone libraries.