Comparative evaluation of several toric intraocular lens calculators for predicting postoperative refractive astigmatism in cataract surgery: a real-world study.

Background: This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the predictive accuracy of six widely used toric intraocular lens (IOL) calculators in eyes undergoing cataract surgery with toric IOL implantation.

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 53 eyes of 53 patients that underwent cataract extraction with toric IOL implantation using Zeiss 709 M. Six toric IOL calculators were evaluated: Barrett toric calculator (with predicted PCA, measured PCA, and TK), Kane formula (predicted PCA), and EVO 2.

Research Progress of Pyroptosis in Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Pyroptosis, known as one typical mode of programmed cell death, is generally characterized by the cleaved gasdermin family (GSDMs) forming pores in the cell membrane and inducing cell rupture, and the activation of aspartate-specific proteases (caspases) has also been found during this process. Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is caused by the complication of diabetes in the kidney, and the most important kidney's function, Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), happens to drop to less than 90% of its usual and even lead to kidney failure in severe cases. The persistent inflammatory state induced by high blood glucose implies the key pathology of DKD, and growing evidence shows that pyroptosis serves as a significant contributor to this chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder.

Sulforaphane modulates TGFβ2-induced conjunctival fibroblasts activation and fibrosis by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling.

Aim: To examine the effects of sulforaphane on fibrotic changes of transforming growth factor (TGFβ2) induced human conjunctival fibroblast (HConFs).

Methods: HConFs were cultured and divided into control, TGFβ2 (1 ng/mL), sulforaphane and TGFβ2+sulforaphane groups. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected using the MTT and ApoTox-Glo Triplex assay.