A canonical protein complex controls immune homeostasis and multipathogen resistance.

The calcium (Ca) sensor ROD1 (RESISTANCE OF RICE TO DISEASES1) is a master regulator of immunity in rice. By screening suppressors of mutants, we show that ROD1 governs immune homeostasis by surveilling the activation of a canonical immune pathway. Mutations in (), (), (), and () all abolish enhanced disease resistance of plants.

Lactic acid, a driver of tumor-stroma interactions.

Warburg effect is one of the hallmarks of tumor favoring the suppression of normal oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and the adaptation to hypoxia. In addition to providing continuous energy to meet the demands of tumors, acceleratedWarburg effect also producesa large amount of lactic acid. Lactic acid shuttles between different cell populations within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and confers tumor cells to interact with surrounding cells, which has emerged as a new phenomenon in the field of tumor biology and tumorigenesis.

NLRs guard metabolism to coordinate pattern- and effector-triggered immunity.

Pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) in plants enable them to respond to pathogens by activating the production of defence metabolites that orchestrate immune responses. How the production of defence metabolites is promoted by immune receptors and coordinated with broad-spectrum resistance remains elusive. Here we identify the deubiquitinase PICI1 as an immunity hub for PTI and ETI in rice (Oryza sativa).