A Recyclable Inorganic Lanthanide Cluster Catalyst for Chemoselective Aerobic Oxidation of Thiols.

Optimizing lanthanide catalyst performance with organic ligands often encounters significant challenges, including susceptibility to water or oxygen and complex synthesis pathways. To address these issues, our research focuses on developing inorganic lanthanide clusters with enhanced stability and functionality. In this study, we introduce the [SmO(OH)(HO)]I(HO) cluster (Sm-OC) as a sustainable and efficient catalyst for the aerobic oxidation of thiols under heating conditions.

Samarium-Oxo/Hydroxy Cluster: A Solar Photocatalyst for Chemoselective Aerobic Oxidation of Thiols for Disulfide Synthesis.

Oxidation contributes as a secondary driver of the prevailing carbon emission in the chemical industries. To address this issue, photocatalytic aerobic oxidation has emerged as a promising alternative. However, the challenge of achieving satisfactory chemoselectivity and effective use of solar light has hindered progress in this area.

SIRT1 maintains bone homeostasis by regulating osteoblast glycolysis through GOT1.

The silent information regulator T1 (SIRT1) is linked to longevity and is a crucial mediator of osteoblast function. We investigated the direct role of Sirt1 during bone modeling and remodeling stages in vivo using Tamoxifen-inducible osteoblast-specific Sirt1 conditional knockout (cKO) mice. cKO mice exhibited lower trabecular and cortical bone mass in the distal femur.

Calcified apoptotic vesicles from PROCR fibroblasts initiate heterotopic ossification.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) comprises the abnormal formation of ectopic bone in extraskeletal soft tissue. The factors that initiate HO remain elusive. Herein, we found that calcified apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) led to increased calcification and stiffness of tendon extracellular matrix (ECM), which initiated M2 macrophage polarization and HO progression.

Interorgan communication in neurogenic heterotopic ossification: the role of brain-derived extracellular vesicles.

Brain-derived extracellular vesicles participate in interorgan communication after traumatic brain injury by transporting pathogens to initiate secondary injury. Inflammasome-related proteins encapsulated in brain-derived extracellular vesicles can cross the blood‒brain barrier to reach distal tissues. These proteins initiate inflammatory dysfunction, such as neurogenic heterotopic ossification.

Lysosomal destabilization: A missing link between pathological calcification and osteoarthritis.

Calcification of cartilage by hydroxyapatite is a hallmark of osteoarthritis and its deposition strongly correlates with the severity of osteoarthritis. However, no effective strategies are available to date on the prevention of hydroxyapatite deposition within the osteoarthritic cartilage and its role in the pathogenesis of this degenerative condition is still controversial. Therefore, the present work aims at uncovering the pathogenic mechanism of intra-cartilaginous hydroxyapatite in osteoarthritis and developing feasible strategies to counter its detrimental effects.

The osteoporosis susceptibility SNP rs188303909 at 2q14.2 regulates EN1 expression by modulating DNA methylation and E2F6 binding.

EN1 encodes a homeodomain-containing transcription factor and is a determinant of bone density and fracture. Previous powerful genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near EN1 at 2q14.2 locus for osteoporosis, but the causal SNPs and functional mechanisms underlying these associations are poorly understood.

Application of Iodine as a Catalyst in Aerobic Oxidations: A Sustainable Approach for Thiol Oxidations.

Iodine is a well-known oxidant that is widely used in organic syntheses. Thiol oxidation by stoichiometric iodine is one of the most commonly employed strategies for the synthesis of valuable disulfides. While recent advancements in catalytic aerobic oxidation conditions have eliminated the need for stoichiometric oxidants, concerns persist regarding the use of toxic or expensive catalysts.

A-D-A Type Nonfullerene Acceptors Synthesized by Core Segmentation and Isomerization for Realizing Organic Solar Cells with Low Nonradiative Energy Loss.

Reducing non-radiative recombination energy loss (ΔE ) in organic solar cells (OSCs) has been considered an effective method to improve device efficiency. In this study, the backbone of PTBTT-4F/4Cl is divided into D1-D2-D3 segments and reconstructed. The isomerized TPBTT-4F/4Cl obtains stronger intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), thus leading to elevated highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level and reduced bandgap (E ).

Machine learning-based anomaly detection of groundwater microdynamics: case study of Chengdu, China.

Detection of subsurface hydrodynamic anomalies plays a significant role in groundwater resource management and environmental monitoring. In this paper, based on data from the groundwater level, atmospheric pressure, and precipitation in the Chengdu area of China, a method for detecting outliers considering the factors affecting groundwater levels is proposed. By analyzing the factors affecting groundwater levels in the monitoring site and eliminating them, simplified groundwater data is obtained.

The immunomodulatory effects of RNA-based biomaterials on bone regeneration.

The use of RNA as therapeutic agents is a visionary idea in contemporary medicine. Some forms of RNA can modulate the immune response of the host to enhance tissue regeneration events such as osteogenesis. Herein, RNA molecules commercially available for immunomodulatory applications (imRNA) were used to prepare biomaterials for bone regeneration.

A CW-CNN regression model-based real-time system for virtual hand control.

For upper limb amputees, wearing a myoelectric prosthetic hand is the only way for them to continue normal life. Even until now, the proposal of a high-precision and natural performance real-time control system based on surface electromyography (sEMG) signals is still challenging. Researchers have proposed many strategies for motion classification or regression prediction tasks based on sEMG signals.

Uncertainty-Aware Aggregation for Federated Open Set Domain Adaptation.

Open set domain adaptation (OSDA) methods have been proposed to leverage the difference between the source and target domains, as well as to recognize the known and unknown classes in the target domain. Such methods typically require the entire source and target data simultaneously to train the target model. However, in real scenarios, data are distributed and stored in various clients.

Tandem H/D Exchange-SET Reductive Deuteration Strategy for the Synthesis of α,β-Deuterated Amines Using DO.

α,β-Deuterated amines are crucial for the development of deuterated drugs. We intend to introduce the novel tandem H/D exchange-single electron transfer (SET) reductive deuteration strategy with high pot- and reagent-economy by the synthesis of α,β-deuterated amine using nitrile as the precursor. The H/D exchange of the -CHCN group was achieved by DO/EtN, which were also the required reagents in the tandem SmI-mediated SET reductive deuteration of the α-deuterated nitrile.

Multi-Joint Angles Estimation of Forearm Motion Using a Regression Model.

To improve the life quality of forearm amputees, prosthetic hands with high accuracy, and robustness are necessary. The application of surface electromyography (sEMG) signals to control a prosthetic hand is challenging. In this study, we proposed a time-domain CNN model for the regression prediction of joint angles in three degrees of freedom (3-DOFs, include two wrist joint motion and one finger joint motion), and five-fold cross validation was used to evaluate the correlation coefficient (CC).

Generation of diverse insect-like gait patterns using networks of coupled Rössler systems.

The generation of walking patterns is central to bio-inspired robotics and has been attained using methods encompassing diverse numerical as well as analog implementations. Here, we demonstrate the possibility of synthesizing viable gaits using a paradigmatic low-dimensional non-linear entity, namely, the Rössler system, as a dynamical unit. Through a minimalistic network wherein each instance is univocally associated with one leg, it is possible to readily reproduce the canonical gaits as well as generate new ones via changing the coupling scheme and the associated delays.