Projection neurons from medial entorhinal cortex to basolateral amygdala are critical for the retrieval of morphine withdrawal memory.

The medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) is crucial for contextual memory, yet its role in context-induced retrieval of morphine withdrawal memory remains unclear. This study investigated the role of the MEC and its projection neurons from MEC layer 5 to the basolateral amygdala (BLA) (MEC neurons) in context-induced retrieval of morphine withdrawal memory. Results show that context activates the MEC in morphine withdrawal mice, and the inactivation of the MEC inhibits context-induced retrieval of morphine withdrawal memory.

Changes in Chinese college students' mobile phone addiction over recent decade: The perspective of cross-temporal meta-analysis.

In recent years, with the rapid advancement of Internet technology and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, mobile phones have been used more frequently, the development trend of mobile phone addiction among Chinese college students is a concern to society. This cross-temporal meta-analysis provides compelling evidence of the rising trend of mobile phone addiction in Chinese college students based on data from 42 independent studies (Sample Size = 49,544) over the past decade (2013-2022), and discuss the three important rising periods. Furthermore, extended research has revealed correlated factors of mobile phone addiction among Chinese college students, including gender, anxiety, depression, loneliness, stress, well-being, social support, and resilience.

Electrokinetic bioremediation of trichloroethylene and Cr/As co-contaminated soils with elevated sulfate.

Co-contaminants and complex subsurface conditions pose great challenges to site remediation. This study demonstrates the potential of electrokinetic bioremediation (EK-BIO) in treating co-contaminants of chlorinated solvents and heavy metals in low-permeability soils with elevated sulfate. EK-BIO columns were filled with field soils, and were fed by the electrolyte containing 20 mg/L trichloroethylene (TCE), 250 μM Cr(VI), 25 μM As(III), 10 mM lactate, and 10 mM sulfate.

Different projection neurons of basolateral amygdala participate in the retrieval of morphine withdrawal memory with diverse molecular pathways.

Context-induced retrieval of drug withdrawal memory is one of the important reasons for drug relapses. Previous studies have shown that different projection neurons in different brain regions or in the same brain region such as the basolateral amygdala (BLA) participate in context-induced retrieval of drug withdrawal memory. However, whether these different projection neurons participate in the retrieval of drug withdrawal memory with same or different molecular pathways remains a topic for research.

Peripheral CCL2 induces inflammatory pain via regulation of currents in small diameter DRG neurons.

The C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) has been implicated in chronic pain, but its exact mechanism of peripheral sensitization is unknown. In this study, we aimed to clarify the mechanism of CCL2 regulation of ion channels. Our behavioral experiments revealed that ZD7288, a blocker of current, can inhibit CFA and CCL2-mediated mechanical and thermal nociceptive sensitization.

Quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of the hippocampus reveal the involvement of NMDAR1 signaling in repetitive mild traumatic brain injury.

The cumulative damage caused by repetitive mild traumatic brain injury can cause long-term neurodegeneration leading to cognitive impairment. This cognitive impairment is thought to result specifically from damage to the hippocampus. In this study, we detected cognitive impairment in mice 6 weeks after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury using the novel object recognition test and the Morris water maze test.

Cingulate cGMP-dependent protein kinase I facilitates chronic pain and pain-related anxiety and depression.

Patients with chronic pain often experience exaggerated pain response and aversive emotion, such as anxiety and depression. Central plasticity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is assumed to be a critical interface for pain perception and emotion, which has been reported to involve activation of NMDA receptors. Numerous studies have documented the key significance of cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (PKG-I) as a crucial downstream target for the NMDA receptor-NO-cGMP signaling cascade in regulating neuronal plasticity and pain hypersensitivity in specific regions of pain pathway, ie, dorsal root ganglion or spinal dorsal horn.

Electrokinetic-Enhanced Bioremediation of Trichloroethylene-Contaminated Low-Permeability Soils: Mechanistic Insight from Spatio-Temporal Variations of Indigenous Microbial Community and Biodehalogenation Activity.

Electrokinetic-enhanced bioremediation (EK-Bio), particularly bioaugmentation with injection of biodehalogenation functional microbes such as , has been documented to be effective in treating a low-permeability subsurface matrix contaminated with chlorinated ethenes. However, the spatio-temporal variations of indigenous microbial community and biodehalogenation activity of the background matrix, a fundamental aspect for understanding EK-Bio, remain unclear. To fill this gap, we investigated the variation of trichloroethylene (TCE) biodehalogenation activity in response to indigenous microbial community succession in EK-Bio by both column and batch experiments.

Study on college students' willingness to inoculate COVID-19 vaccine based on bioinformatics and KAP analysis.

Bioinformatics is a subject that analyzes and interprets the collection, processing, storage and dissemination of biological information, and explores biological problems by using information technology and related means. The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia has been nearly three years. With the advancement of vaccine research and development in various countries, mass vaccination is bound to usher in a new turning point for epidemic control.

Nucleus accumbens circuit disinhibits lateral hypothalamus glutamatergic neurons contributing to morphine withdrawal memory in male mice.

The lateral hypothalamus (LH) is physiologically critical in brain functions. The LH also plays an important role in drug addiction. However, neural circuits underlying LH involvement of drug addiction remain obscure.

Two kinds of transcription factors mediate chronic morphine-induced decrease in miR-105 in medial prefrontal cortex of rats.

Chronic morphine administration alters gene expression in different brain regions, an effect which may contribute to plastic changes associated with addictive behavior. This change in gene expression is most possibly mediated by addictive drug-induced epigenetic remodeling of gene expression programs. Our previous studies showed that chronic morphine-induced decrease of miR-105 in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) contributed to context-induced retrieval of morphine withdrawal memory.

Case Report: A Novel Splice Site Variant as a Cause of O'Donnell-Luria-Rodan Syndrome in a Male Patient.

Background: O'Donnell-Luria-Rodan (ODLURO) syndrome is an autosomal dominant systemic disorder characterized by global developmental delay caused by mutations in the gene. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mutations as a cause of ODLURO syndrome in a Chinese boy.

Methods: We reported the clinical course of a Chinese boy who was diagnosed with ODLURO syndrome by the whole exome sequencing.

Gene and Phenotype Expansion of Unexplained Early Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy.

The genetic aetiology of epileptic encephalopathy (EE) is growing rapidly based on next generation sequencing (NGS) results. In this single-centre study, we aimed to investigate a cohort of Chinese children with early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE). NGS was performed on 50 children with unexplained EIEE.

Recognition of cognitive load with a stacking network ensemble of denoising autoencoders and abstracted neurophysiological features.

The safety of human-machine systems can be indirectly evaluated based on operator's cognitive load levels at each temporal instant. However, relevant features of cognitive states are hidden behind in multiple sources of cortical neural responses. In this study, we developed a novel neural network ensemble, SE-SDAE, based on stacked denoising autoencoders (SDAEs) which identify different levels of cognitive load by electroencephalography (EEG) signals.

Projection from the basolateral amygdala to the anterior cingulate cortex facilitates the consolidation of long-term withdrawal memory.

The process through which early memories are transferred to the cerebral cortex to form long-term memories is referred to as memory consolidation, and the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is an important brain region involved in this process. Although functional connections between the BLA and multiple brain regions are critical for the consolidation of withdrawal memory, whether the projection from the BLA to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is involved in the formation or consolidation of withdrawal memory remains unclear. In this paper, we used a chemical genetic method to specifically label the BLA-ACC projection in a combined morphine withdrawal and conditioned place aversion (CPA) animal model.

A Conditioning-Strengthened Circuit From CA1 of Dorsal Hippocampus to Basolateral Amygdala Participates in Morphine-Withdrawal Memory Retrieval.

Conditioned context-induced retrieval of drug withdrawal memory contributes to drug relapse. The basolateral amygdala (BLA) is an important brain region that is involved in conditioned context-induced retrieval of morphine withdrawal memory. However, the upstream pathways of the activation of the BLA by conditioned context remains to be studied.

PCDH19-Related Epilepsy in Early Onset of Chinese Male Patient: Case Report and Literature Review.

Mutations in are associated with epilepsy, intellectual disability and behavioral disturbances, mostly related to females. The unique X-linked pattern of inheritance affects females predominantly, while usually is transmitted through asymptomatic males. Recently, new research has demonstrated that males with a mosaic pattern of inheritance could also be affected.

Amphotericin B, identified from a natural product screen, antagonizes CNS inhibitors to promote axon growth via activation of an Akt pathway in neurons.

One of the major barriers to successful axon regeneration in the adult CNS is the presence of inhibitory molecules that originate from the myelin sheath and glial scar. So far, only a small number of pharmacological compounds have exhibited functional activity against CNS inhibitors in promoting axon regeneration after injury. To search for novel compounds that enhance neurite outgrowth in vitro, we initiated a screen of a collection of natural products.

Overcoming amino-Nogo-induced inhibition of cell spreading and neurite outgrowth by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-type tumor promoters.

The N-terminal domain of NogoA, called amino-Nogo, inhibits axonal outgrowth and cell spreading via a largely unknown mechanism. In the present study, we show that amino-Nogo decreases Rac1 activity and inhibits fibroblast spreading. 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-type tumor promoters, such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and teleocidin, increase Rac1 activity and overcome the amino-Nogo-induced inhibition of cell spreading.

Receptors for myelin inhibitors: Structures and therapeutic opportunities.

Many studies have indicated that the inability of adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) to regenerate after injury is partly due to the existence of growth-inhibitory molecules associated with CNS myelin. Studies over the years have led to the identification of multiple myelin-associated inhibitors, among which Nogo, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein (Omgp) represent potentially major contributors to CNS axon regeneration failure. Here we review in vitro and in vivo investigations into these inhibitory ligands and their functional mechanisms, focusing particularly on the neuronal receptors that mediate the inhibitory signals from these myelin molecules.

The inhibition site on myelin-associated glycoprotein is within Ig-domain 5 and is distinct from the sialic acid binding site.

Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) is a potent inhibitor of axonal regeneration. It contains five Ig-like domains and is a sialic binding protein. Previously, we showed that the sialic acid binding site on MAG maps to arginine 118 in Ig domain 1 (Kelm et al.

Protection against beta-amyloid induced abnormal synaptic function and cell death by Ginkgolide J.

A new Ginkgo biloba extract P8A (TTL), 70% enriched with terpene trilactones, prevents A beta(1-42) induced inhibition of long-term potentiation in the CA1 region of mouse hippocampal slices. This neuroprotective effect is attributed in large part to ginkgolide J that completely replicates the effect of the extract. Ginkgolide J is also capable of inhibiting cell death of rodent hippocampal neurons caused by A beta(1-42).

The structure of the Lingo-1 ectodomain, a module implicated in central nervous system repair inhibition.

Nogo receptor (NgR)-mediated control of axon growth relies on the central nervous system-specific type I transmembrane protein Lingo-1. Interactions between Lingo-1 and NgR, along with a complementary co-receptor, result in neurite and axonal collapse. In addition, the inhibitory role of Lingo-1 is particularly important in regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination, suggesting that pharmacological modulation of Lingo-1 function could be a novel approach for nerve repair and remyelination therapies.