Dehydrogenation Coupling and [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Indolizines with Allenes in the Presence of Piezoelectric Materials under Ball Milling Conditions.

A wide range of indolizines with allenes proceeded smoothly under mechanochemical-induced conditions via [3 + 2] annulation process, affording various substituted pyrrolo[2,1,5-]indolizines with good yield. The reaction efficiency was greatly improved by using a piezoelectric material as the charge transfer catalyst. The photophysical properties of the resulting pyrrolo[2,1,5-]indolizine was characterized.

Examining clinical capability of township healthcare centres for rural health service planning in Sichuan, China: an administrative data analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the clinical capability of township healthcare centres (THCs), the main primary care providers in rural China, as a basis for rural health service planning.

Design: Observational study of quantitative analysis using administrative data.

Setting: Three counties with low, middle and high social economic development level, respectively, in Sichuan province western China.

Visible-light-induced synthesis of -disulfanyl indoles, pyrroles or carbazoles the construction of stable S-S-N bonds.

A simple and efficient visible-light-induced approach for the formation of stable S-S-N bonds has been developed. Through these photocatalytic reactions, a series of -disulfanyl indoles, pyrroles and carbazoles were afforded with good to excellent yields. Moreover, the gram-scale experiment has confirmed the practicability of this approach.

Mechanochemical Electrophilic Mono- or Disulfur Transfer: Construction of P(O)-S or P(O)-S-S Bonds.

Under mechanochemically induced conditions, a wide range of diarylphosphine oxides or -phosphonates react with trisulfide dioxides to afford various thiophosphate derivatives in good yields. Selective S-S bond cleavage of trisulfide dioxides determined by connecting groups is proposed as the key step in the construction of P(O)-S or P(O)-S-S bonds, which is supported by calculations.

Mechanochemically Induced Dehydrogenation Coupling and [3+2] Cycloaddition of Indolizines with Allenes Using Piezoelectric Materials.

A wide range of indolizines with allenes proceeded smoothly under mechanochemically induced conditions via a [3+2] annulation process, affording various substituted pyrrolo[2,1,5-]indolizines in good yields. The reaction efficiency was greatly improved by using piezoelectric material as the charge transfer catalyst. The photophysical properties of the resulting pyrrolo[2,1,5-]indolizine were characterized.

Mechanochemical Synthesis of 1,2-Diketoindolizine Derivatives from Indolizines and Epoxides Using Piezoelectric Materials.

A simple and efficient mechanochemical-induced approach for the synthesis of 1,2-diketoindolizine derivatives has been developed. BaTiO was used as the piezoelectric material in this transformation. This method features no usage of solvent, simple experimental operation, scalable potential, and high conversion efficiency, which make it attractive and practical.

Access to Branched Allylarenes via Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed C-H Allylation of (Hetero)arenes with 2-Methylidenetrimethylene Carbonate.

A rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H allylation of (hetero)arenes by using 2-methylidenetrimethylene carbonate as an efficient allylic source has been developed for the first time. Five different directing groups including oxime, -nitroso, purine, pyridine, and pyrimidine were compatible, delivering various branched allylarenes bearing an allylic hydroxyl group in moderate to excellent yields.

Impacts of government supervision on hospitalization costs for inpatients with COPD: An interrupted time series study.

To address the remaining medical misconducts after the zero-makeup drug policy (ZMDP), e.g., over-examinations, China has given the priority to government supervision on medical institutions.

Transition-Metal-Free Three-Component Reaction: Additive Controlled Synthesis of Sulfonylated Imidazoles.

Two efficient transition-metal-free highly regioselective pathways for constructing sulfonylated imidazoles via three-component reactions of amidines, ynals, and sodium sulfonates have been developed. The generations of different sulfonylated imidazoles were simply controlled by additives. In addition, this method features environmental friendliness, good functional group tolerance, and high atom economy, which makes it practical.

[A study regarding the applicability of WSARE algorithms in the early warning system of infectious disease outbreaks].

To investigate the application of WSARE (What's Strange About Recent Events) algorithm in early warning on outbreaks of infectious diseases and to explore the multi-dimensional statistical methods for the detection of infectious diseases outbreak. Using WSARE algorithms based on historical data and Bayesian Network as baseline respectively, to analyze data on measles by mimicking the real-time monitoring and early warning system in Bao'an district, Shenzhen city, in 2007. WSARE algorithms were considered to be effective and timely in detecting the abnormally increase of measles among special population.

[Role of procalcitonin in the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia].

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of procalcitonin (PCT) in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

Methods: Prospective study was performed. All adult patients who were admitted into the intensive care unit (ICU) of West China Hospital of Sichuan University between June 1st and October 1st and were clinically suspected of having developed VAP after 48 hours of mechanical ventilation were enrolled.