Evaluation of MERRA-2 and CAMS reanalysis for black carbon aerosol in China.

Black carbon (BC) constitutes a pivotal component of atmospheric aerosols, significantly impacting regional and global radiation balance, climate, and human health. In this study, we evaluated BC data in two prominent atmospheric composition reanalysis datasets: the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) and the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS), and analyzed the causes of their deviations. This assessment is based on observational data collected from 34 monitoring stations across China from 2006 to 2022.

Correlation between body composition and white matter hyperintensity in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

White matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden is associated with a higher risk of ischemic stroke. The relationship between WMH and obesity is somewhat controversial which might be interfered by different body composition such as skeletal muscle, fat and bone density. However, few researchers have evaluated the relationship between WMH burden and disaggregated body constituents in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients systematically.

Spatio-temporal evolution of coupling coordination between new infrastructure and regional sustainability in China.

To achieve high-quality development, it is crucial to encourage the coordinated development of new infrastructure (NI) and regional sustainability (RS). Based on the coupling mechanism of NI and RS, this study develops a comprehensive evaluation index system, coupling coordination degree model (CCDM), spatial autocorrelation model, and standard deviation ellipse model used to estimate the coupling coordination degree (CCD) of NI-RS in China mainland between 2013 and 2020 and analyze the temporal and spatial evolution characteristic. The results showed the following: (1) The NI index fluctuated and increased, while the RS index increased year by year, showing a gradient-decreasing distribution pattern from east to west; (2) CCD increases year by year, but the spatial distribution is unbalanced, and CCD in eastern coastal areas is significantly higher than that in western areas.

Description and evaluation of a newly developed emission inventory processing system (EMIPS).

Commonly available emission inventories are often incompatible with the input requirements of atmospheric chemistry models due to temporal and spatial resolution, pollutant types, etc. We present the Emission Inventory Processing System (EMIPS) version 1, an open-source and multi-scale atmospheric emission modeling framework that prepares specific emissions inputs for atmospheric chemistry models. EMIPS is a multifunctional and user-friendly system, coded in Jython and developed on the MeteoInfo software platform.

Variability of blood pressure response to orthostatism and reproducibility of orthostatic hypotension in hospitalized patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Objective: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) which diagnosis is based on the measurement of the blood pressure response to orthostatism (BPRO) is a common condition associated with adverse cerebrovascular and cognitive prognosis. It is likely that the single measurement might underestimate the true prevalence of OH. This study investigated the prevalence and reproducibility of the diagnosis of OH and related risk factors in hospitalized acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with multiple measurements.

Hemicranial postural headache as a first symptom of a spontaneous carotid cavernous fistula: A case report.

Rationale: Spontaneous carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is rare, and the expression of headache caused by it can be variable.

Patient Concerns: A case of a man hospitalized for high-intensity hemicranial headache which was aggravated by lying down and relieved when standing or sitting. The pain was of a pulsating character, localized on the right, behind the eye, followed by nausea and vomiting.

Risk Assessment of (Herbal) Teas Containing Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids (PAs) Based on Margin of Exposure Approach and Relative Potency (REP) Factors.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) present distinct toxicity potencies depending on their metabolites and in vivo toxicokinetics. To represent the potency differences of various PAs, the interim relative potency (REP) factors have been derived. However, little is known about the risk assessment for (herbal) teas when taking REP factors into account.

Controlling the Connected Vehicle with Bi-Directional Information: Improved Car-Following Models and Stability Analysis.

Connected vehicle (CV) technologies are changing the form of traditional traffic models. In the CV driving environment, abundant and accurate information is available to vehicles, promoting the development of control strategies and models. Under these circumstances, this paper proposes a bidirectional vehicles information structure (BDVIS) by making use of the acceleration information of one preceding vehicle and one following vehicle to improve the car-following models.

Correlation of orthostatic hypotension with extracranial carotid and intracranial cerebral arteries atherosclerosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke under cerebral angiography.

Objective: The clinical management of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is complicated by orthostatic hypotension, which might have close relationship with the atherosclerosis of cerebral arteries. The primary objectives were to evaluate the relationship of orthostatic hypotension with extracranial carotid arteries atherosclerosis (ECAS) and intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) in AIS patients.

Methods: This study was a prospective cohort analysis of consecutive AIS patients under cerebrovascular angiography.

Risk perception and the warning strategy based on safety potential field theory.

Benefiting from the rapid development of communication and intelligent vehicle technology in recent years, most traffic information is capable of being collected, processed, and transmitted to each vehicle through a connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) system. To meet the higher requirements of driving safety in CAVs environment, it is necessary to develop more effective safety evaluation indicators that combine all the traffic information received by the vehicle. To this end, this study proposes a novel methodology for risk perception and warning strategy based on safety potential field model to minimize driving risk in the CAVs environment.

Simplification of Carbon Bond Mechanism IV (CBM-IV) under Different Initial Conditions by Using Concentration Sensitivity Analysis.

Carbon Bond Mechanism IV (CBM-IV) is a widely used reaction mechanism in which VOCs are grouped according to the molecular structure. In the present study, we applied a sensitivity analysis on the CBM-IV mechanism to clarify the importance of each reaction under two different initial conditions (urban and low-NO scenarios). The reactions that exert minor influence on the reaction system are then screened out from the mechanism, so that a reduced version of the CBM-IV mechanism under specific initial conditions can be obtained.