Is bone scintigraphy necessary in initial staging of prostate cancer patients?

Our aim was to determine whether serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) and total Gleason score (GS) on biopsy in newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) can predict osseous metastases and eliminate the need for a bone scan as a routine procedure in initial staging. We studied retrospectively 155 patients with previously untreated PCa who underwent bone scintigraphy. Relationship between PSA, GS and bone metastases was examined.

[Use of gastric segment in urinary bladder replacement after total cystectomy].

Drainage of urine by abnormal way is urinary derivation. Various forms of urinary derivations are available for urinary bladder replacement after radical cystectomy for invasive bladder tumor. Construction of continent urinary reservoir, so called pouch, from different bowel segments is named continent urinary derivations.