It remains challenging to rationally design superior nanozymes and understand the underlying mechanism. Herein, a facile covalent coupling-modulated nitrogen defect is reported for significantly boosting peroxidase (POD)-like activity. Vanadium nitride (VN) nanoparticles are grown on graphene oxide (GO) via C-N bonding to form VN/rGO nanocomposites by varying with the VO/GO ratio.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Endophytic microorganisms are bacteria or fungi that inhabit plant internal tissues contributing to various biological processes of plants. Some endophytic microbes can promote plant growth, which are known as plant growth-promoting endophytes (PGPEs). There has been an increasing interest in isolation and identification of PGPEs for sustainable production of crops.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe demonstrated a temperature-compensated optofluidic DNA biosensor available for microfluidic chip. The optofluidic sensor was composed of an interferometer and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) by femtosecond laser direct writing micro/nano processing technology. The sensing arm of the interferometer was suspended on the inner wall of the microchannel and could directly interact with the microfluid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF3D printing waste (3DPW) contains hazardous substances, such as photosensitizers and pigments, and may cause environmental pollution when improperly disposed of. Pyrolysis treatment can reduce hazards and turn waste into useful resources. This study coupled thermogravimetric (TG), TG-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and rapid pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis to evaluate the pyrolytic reaction mechanisms, products, and possible decomposition pathways of the three typical 3DPW of photosensitive resin waste (PRW), polyamide waste (PAW), and polycaprolactone waste (PCLW).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid and sensitive antigen detection using a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is crucial for diagnosing infectious diseases due to its simplicity, speed, and user-friendly features. However, it remains a critical issue to explore specific biorecognition elements and powerful signal amplification. In this study, taking SARS-CoV-2 as a proof of concept, a specific peptide, WFLNDSELIML, binding to the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) antigen was identified by a nonamplified biopanning method, which exhibited high affinity to the target, with a dissociation constant of 9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSulfidated zero-valent iron (S-ZVI) has shown significant potential for the removal of arsenic(III). However, little attention has been paid to the mechanism of As(III) sequestration enhancement and how the phase transformation for S-ZVI strengthens this process in aerobic conditions. In this work, sulfidated ZVI was created by ball-milling (S-ZVI) and liquid-mixing (S-ZVI) of ZVI with elemental sulfur(S) to investigate the performance and mechanisms of As(III) sequestration in air-saturated water.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOwing to the low price, chemical stability and good conductivity, carbon-based materials have been extensively applied as the anode in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In this review, apart from the charge storage mechanism and anode requirements, the major work focuses on five categories of carbon-based anode materials (traditional carbon, porous carbon, nano-carbon, metal/carbon composite and polymer/carbon composite). The relationship is demonstrated in depth between the physicochemical properties of the anode surface/interface/bulk (porosity, surface area, hydrophilicity, partical size, charge, roughness, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis publisher's note contains corrections to Opt. Lett.46, 2714 (2021).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA special open-cavity Mach-Zehnder salinity sensor is presented and verified in this Letter, which has obvious advantages in salinity sensitivity and loss. The open-cavity structure is composed of a short section of etched double-side hole fiber spliced between a pair of multimode fibers and connected in series between a pair of single-mode fibers, which is the SMF-MMF-etched DSHF-MMF-SMF structure proposed in the paper. According to the experiment results, when the cavity length is about 100 µm, the salinity sensitivity of the sensing probe can reach 2 nm/‰, and its refractive index (RI) sensitivity can be more than 10,000 nm/RIU, while having a low loss of ${-}{15}\;{\rm dB}$ and a detection limit of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA multifunctional optical fiber sensor fabricated by asymmetric offset splicing is proposed in this Letter. The light is divided into several parts at the offset interface, among which the transmitted light forms the Mach-Zehnder interference (MZI) spectrum while the reflected light forms the Fabry-Perot interference (FPI) spectrum. The online monitoring system is built to create a better light distribution at the offset interface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLung cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Fifteen percent of lung cancer patients will present with malignant pleural effusion initially, and up to 50% will have malignant pleural effusion throughout the course of the disease. In this study, we developed a spiral microfluidic device that can rapidly isolate cancer cells and improve their purity through fluid dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntimony (Sb) is a toxic element for both human and plants, but the toxic responses of plants to different forms of antimony and the associated mechanisms are unknown. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different forms of Sb [Sb(III) and Sb(V)] on the root exudates, root endogenous hormones, root cell wall components and antioxidant systems in rice plant via three hydroponic experiments. The results showed that Sb(III) displayed a higher toxicity than Sb(V) to the plant which accumulated much more Sb in its tissues under Sb(III) exposure than that under Sb(V) exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHydroxyapatite/sodium alginate/chitosan (HA/SA/CS) composite microspheres, which possess good biocompatibility for specific biomedical application, were prepared using an emulsion crosslink technique; calcium ions were used as a cross-linking agent. The effect of the concentration of sodium alginate (SA), the volume ratio of water to oil, the content of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles, as well as rotation speed, on the morphology and dispersion of composite microspheres were investigated. Also investigated were the drug loading, release behaviors, in vitro hemolysis activity, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and proliferation capacity of the materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(17)H(20)N(2), contains two mol-ecules, whose bond lengths and angles differ only slightly. In the crystal, neighbouring mol-ecules form pillar structures via edge-to-face π-π stacking inter-actions [edge-to-face distances = 3.538 (3) and 3.
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