OsPRDA1 Interacts With OsFSD2 To Promote Chloroplast Development by Regulating Chloroplast Gene Expression in Rice.

Chloroplasts are vital for photosynthesis, and their development necessitates proper expression of chloroplast genes. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying rice chloroplast gene expression have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we obtained an albino mutant of rice, white seedling and lethal 1 (wsl1), which displays significantly decreased chlorophyll contents and impaired chloroplast ultrastructure.

Inhibition of the FEN1-PBX1 axis elicits cellular senescence in breast cancer via the increased intracellular reactive oxygen species levels.

Background: Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cell growth arrest. As such, senescence induction is viewed as an efficacious countermeasure in cancer treatment. Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) has been reported to participate in tumor growth, metastasis and immunomodulation.

Enhancement Strategies of Calcium Looping Technology and CaO-Based Sorbents for Carbon Capture.

As global warming intensifies and energy resources deplete, carbon capture and sustainable energy conversion technologies gain increasing importance. Among these, calcium looping (CaL) technology has demonstrated promising cost-effectiveness and ease of integration with other systems. However, severe sintering of CaO-based sorbents occurs during cyclic carbonation and calcination, resulting in a significant decrease in CO capture capacity and stability.

stDyer enables spatial domain clustering with dynamic graph embedding.

Spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) data provide critical insights into gene expression patterns within tissue contexts, necessitating effective methods for identifying spatial domains. We introduce stDyer, an end-to-end deep learning framework for spatial domain clustering in SRT data. stDyer combines Gaussian Mixture Variational AutoEncoder with graph attention networks to learn embeddings and perform clustering.

A prediction model of soil organic carbon into river and its driving mechanism in red soil region.

Soil erosion contributes to the irreversible loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) into rivers (SOCR), posing risks to food security and carbon cycle assessments. Red soil regions, characterized by high carbon sink potential and selenium enrichment, are particularly vulnerable. However, existing studies largely rely on small-scale experiments, with limited understanding of basin-scale SOCR dynamics and their driving factors.

A comprehensive pan-cancer examination of transcription factor MAFF: Oncogenic potential, prognostic relevance, and immune landscape dynamics.

Aims: Previous studies indicate that MAF BZIP Transcription Factor F (MAFF) facilitates ectopic metastasis and tumor cell migration. While its role in neoplasm progression is recognized, a thorough pan-cancer analysis of MAFF's impact remains pending.

Main Methods: MAFF expression across normal and tumor tissues was analyzed using transcriptomic data from Genomic Data Commons (GDC) and UCSC XENA, with protein details from Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and GeneMANIA.

Molecular prevalence and associated risk factors of Entamoeba spp. in donkeys in Shanxi Province, North China.

Background: The intestinal protozoa Entamoeba spp. can infect humans and various animals, including donkeys, causing diarrhea and malabsorption and presenting significant risks to animal husbandry and public health. Most Entamoeba species are not pathogenic except for Entamoeba histolytica.

Revealing Mechanisms of an Eco-Friendly GaN Electrochemical Mechanical Removal Process Modified with Green Fenton Reaction.

Gallium Nitride (GaN), a leading third-generation semiconductor material, offers exceptional properties and broad application potential. However, its high hardness and chemical inertness make GaN wafers difficult to process, posing significant challenges in improving the polishing efficiency. During the electrochemical mechanical polishing (ECMP) process, the oxidation effect on the GaN surface critically affects the material removal rate (MRR).

Terahertz electro-optic Kerr effect in LaAlO.

In this Letter, we investigate the terahertz (THz) electro-optic Kerr effect (KE) dynamics in LaAlO (LAO), a widely used substrate for thin-film preparation. We show that the KE dynamics strongly depend on the material anisotropy due to interference between THz field-induced and strain-induced optical birefringence. Such interference leads to quasi-phase matching conditions of the KE, which becomes strongly frequency dependent.

Integrated Metabolome, Transcriptome, and Physiological Analysis of the Flavonoid and Phenylethanol Glycosides Accumulation in Wild Roots from Different Habitats.

, a traditional medicinal plant, is commonly found on the Tibetan Plateau at altitudes of 3100-5200 m. Its primary active medicinal compounds, flavonoids and phenylethanol glycosides (PhGs), exhibit various pharmacological effects, including hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities. This study analyzed flavonoid and PhG metabolites in the roots of collected from Henan County (HN), Guoluo County (GL), Yushu County (YS), and Chengduo County (CD) in Qinghai Province.

Identifying Reactive Trends in Glycerol Electro-Oxidation Using an Automated Screening Approach: 28 Ways to Electrodeposit an Au Electrocatalyst.

Automated, rapid electrocatalyst discovery techniques that comprehensively address the exploration of chemical spaces, characterization of catalyst robustness, reproducibility, and translation of results to (flow) electrolysis operation are needed. Responding to the growing interest in biomass valorization, we studied the glycerol electro-oxidation reaction (GEOR) on gold in alkaline media as a model reaction to demonstrate the efficacy of such methodology introduced here. Our platform combines individually addressable electrode arrays with HardPotato, a Python application programming interface for potentiostat control, to automate electrochemical experiments and data analysis operations.

Design of magnetic polyethyleneimine-fluorescein isothiocyanate composites toward efficient enrichment of phosphopeptides.

Phosphoproteins maintain the normal metabolic activity of the organisms. Direct phosphopeptides detection is difficult to be realized by mass spectroscopy (MS) due to the low ionization efficiency, low abundance of phosphopeptides and interferences of complicated biological fluids. In the present work, a magnetic composite material was prepared by combining polyethyleneimine (PEI) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) focusing on phosphopeptides enrichment.

Editorial for the Special Issue on the Latest Advancements in Semiconductor Materials, Devices and Systems.

The field of semiconductor research is experiencing a paradigm shift as the boundaries of Moore's Law are being approached [...

Identification and expression analysis of Th2 immune-related gene IL4/13A in turbot ().

Th2 immunity is a primary host defense against extracellular pathogens, and different IL4/13 paralogues are involved in this immune response in fish. Here, we identified IL4/13A for further Th2 immune response providing information in turbot. The results showed that the full length of the IL4/13A gene is 1,333 bp, containing a 432-bp open reading frame (ORF) that encoded 144 amino acids.

The diagnostic efficacy of seven autoantibodies in early detection of ground-glass nodular lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Persistent ground-glass nodules (GGNs) carry a potential risk of malignancy, however, early diagnosis remained challenging. This study aimed to investigate the cut-off values of seven autoantibodies in patients with ground-glass nodules smaller than 3cm, and to construct machine learning models to assess the diagnostic value of these autoantibodies.

Methods: In this multi-center retrospective study, we collected peripheral blood specimens from a total of 698 patients.

Corticostriatal glutamate-mediated dynamic therapeutic efficacy of electroacupuncture in a parkinsonian rat model.

Background: Motor impairments are the defining cardinal features of Parkinson's disease (PD), resulting from malfunction of the cortico-basal ganglia circuit. Clinical data have demonstrated that electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation may benefit motor symptoms in PD without adverse effects. However, the specific effects of EA on PD and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear.

Transcriptome-wide mapping of internal mRNA N-methylguanosine in sporulated and unsporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella reveals stage-specific signatures.

Background: Growing evidence indicates that N-methylguanosine (mG) modification plays critical roles in epigenetic regulation. However, no data regarding mG modification are currently available in Eimeria tenella, a highly virulent species causing coccidiosis in chickens.

Methods: In the present study, we explore the distribution of internal messenger RNA (mRNA) mG modification in sporulated and unsporulated oocysts of E.

Polar 3D Perovskitiod Constructed by Asymmetric Diamine for Stable Self-Driven X-Ray Detection.

Polar 3D organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) with the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) have important application value in self-driven X-ray detection, due to their excellent semiconductor properties. However, A-site cations are limited by the tolerance factor, making it difficult to construct ABX-type polar 3D perovskites. Therefore, it is necessary to explore polar 3D perovskitiods with excellent semiconductor properties for self-driven X-ray detection.

Enzyme-Free Identification of Monosaccharide Enantiomers on TiO Nanotube Array-Based Fabry-Pérot Interferometer.

Chirality is a vital property across various domains, especially for biological activity. Herein, an enzyme-free sensing platform for monosaccharide enantiomer identification was developed by utilizing the Fabry-Pérot interferometer feature of TiO nanotube arrays modified with enantioselective metal-organic framework and glucose oxidase-mimicking Au NPs. In this design, optical property is monitored by reflective interferometric Fourier transform spectroscopy (RIFTS), a highly sensitive technique for detecting changes in the average refractive index within nanotubular structures.

mRNA 5-methylcytosine in Eimeria tenella oocysts: An abundant post-transcriptional modification associated with broad-ranging biological processes.

Eimeria tenella is the major causative agent of chicken coccidiosis. 5-Methylcytosine (mC) is a type of RNA chemical modifications reported to regulate diverse biological processes. However, the distribution and biological functions of mC in E.

Causal effect of COVID-19 on longitudinal volumetric changes in subcortical structures: A mendelian randomization study.

A few observational neuroimaging investigations have reported subcortical structural changes in the individuals who recovered from the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but the causal relationships between COVID-19 and longitudinal changes of subcortical structures remain unclear. We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to estimate putative causal relationships between three COVID-19 phenotypes (susceptibility, hospitalization, and severity) and longitudinal volumetric changes of seven subcortical structures derived from MRI. Our findings demonstrated that genetic liability to SARS-CoV-2 infection had a great long-term impact on the volumetric reduction of subcortical structures, especially caudate.

Research progress on cottonseed meal as a protein source in pig nutrition: An updated review.

At a global level, the supply of protein sources is insufficient to support the current magnitude of pig production. Moreover, given the exorbitant expense of conventional protein feed options like soybean meal and fish meal, it becomes imperative to promptly explore alternative sources of protein feed for the sustainable advancement of the pig industry. Cottonseed meal, a by-product from the extraction of cottonseed oil, exhibits significant potential as a protein source for pig feed owing to its high protein content, high yield, low cost, well-balanced amino acid composition, and sufficient accessibility.