The genome of the extremophile Artemia provides insight into strategies to cope with extreme environments.

Background: Brine shrimp Artemia have an unequalled ability to endure extreme salinity and complete anoxia. This study aims to elucidate its strategies to cope with these stressors.

Results And Discussion: Here, we present the genome of an inbred A.

Unique chimeric composition of the trehalase gene from brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana.

To investigate the exon/intron structure of the Artemia trehalase gene, four overlapping clones were isolated from a genome library derived from an inbred strain of crustacean Artemia franciscana, and a 49 kb genetic area was re-constructed. The re-constructed area contained eight exons corresponding to the trehalase cDNA sequence that we had previously reported [1]. Comparative analysis of the Artemia trehalase gene with other animal trehalase genes revealed the existence of conserved exon/intron boundaries among different phyla.

Influence of darkness on embryonic diapause termination in dormant Artemia cysts with no experience of desiccation.

One of the environmental cues for Artemia embryonic diapause termination (EDT), the nature of which is barely understood, is the absence of light, although light-dark cycles (photoperiod) have been examined in inducing embryonic diapause. The influence of constant darkness (DD) on EDT was investigated in laboratory-produced cysts of Artemia franciscana. In a previous report (Nambu et al.

Influence of temperature and darkness on embryonic diapause termination in dormant Artemia cysts that have never been desiccated.

Environmental cues for embryonic diapause termination (EDT) were investigated in the laboratory-produced encysted dormant embryos of the brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana. The cysts were spawned and kept throughout in a 2% sea salt solution. They were activated by various temperatures of the temperate zones or by continuous dark condition (DD), resulting in a state of EDT, and were thereafter able to resume their subsequent development and hatch under appropriate conditions.

Inbred strains of brine shrimp derived from Artemia franciscana: lineage, RAPD analysis, life span, reproductive traits and mode, adaptation, and tolerance to salinity changes.

Inbred strains of the brine shrimp were developed from dry dormant cysts of wild-type Artemia franciscana produced in the Great Salt Lake, U.S.A.

Influence of photoperiod and temperature on reproductive mode in the Brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana.

Brine shrimp, Artemia, exhibit two modes of reproduction: oviparity (diapause cyst production) and ovoviviparity (live larvae release). Environmental conditions determining these developmental routes are poorly understood, so we investigated the effects of photoperiod and temperature on reproductive mode. Nauplii of A.