B cells are multifaceted immune cells responding robustly during immune surveillance against tumor antigens by presentation to T cells and switched immunoglobulin production. However, B cells are unstudied in prostate cancer (PCa). We used flow cytometry to analyze B-cell subpopulations in peripheral blood and lymph nodes from intermediate-high risk PCa patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe studied DNA methylation profiles in four different cell populations from a unique constellation of monozygotic triplets in whom two had developed Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL). We detected shared differences in DNA methylation signatures when comparing the two HL-affected triplets with the non-affected triplet. The differences were observed in naïve B-cells and marginal zone-like B-cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Nearly half of penile cancers are related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Investigations of tumor- and HPV-specific T cell reactivity in regional lymph nodes (LNs) from patients with penile cancer are warranted.
Materials And Methods: In this study, single-cell suspensions from LNs and peripheral blood from 11 patients with penile cancer were stained with antibodies for lymphocyte markers and analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS).
Tumour infiltrating B cells and CD38 plasma cells have been correlated with survival in different malignancies but their role in urinary bladder cancer is unclear. IL-10 is a multifunctional cytokine with both anti-inflammatory and immunostimulatory properties, that can be released by regulatory B cells (Bregs). We have stained paraffin-embedded tumour sections from 31 patients with invasive urothelial urinary bladder cancer with respect to CD20 B cells, CD38 cells, IL-10-expressing cells, IgG, C1q and C3a and analysed the impact of these markers on survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvidence indicates that neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) may promote antitumour immune responses by activating T cells. The tumour-draining sentinel node (SN) is a key site to study tumour-specific T cell activation, being the primary immunological barrier against the tumour. In this prospective study, we set out to elucidate the effects of NAC on T cell subsets in the SNs of patients with muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe immune system plays a significant role in urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) progression, with CD8+ T cells being capable to directly kill tumor cells using perforin and granzymes. However, tumors avoid immune recognition by escape mechanisms. In this study, we aim to demonstrate tumor immune escape mechanisms that suppress CD8+ T cells cytotoxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegulatory T cells (Treg) have long been considered one-sided suppressors of antitumor immune responses and hence associated with poor patient outcome in cancer. However, evidence is mounting of a paradoxical positive prognostic effect of Tregs on certain malignancies, including urinary bladder cancer (UBC). This discrepancy has partly been attributed to the shear misidentification of Tregs, but also to the inflammatory profile of the tumor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun
February 2017
During the synthesis of an FeBr complex with the PNP ligand (,,,)-[Fe(CH)(CHNP)] (), single crystals of the di-chloro-methane monosolvate of the Br salt of the protonated ligand H were obtained serendipitously, [Fe(CH)(CHNP)]Br·CHCl. The crystal structure of H·Br·CHCl was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The mean bond lengths in the ferrocene units are Fe-C = 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe -deprotonation of halide-substituted ferrocenes by treatment with lithium tetramethylpiperidide (LiTMP) has been investigated. Iodo-, bromo-, and chloro-substituted ferrocenes were easily deprotonated adjacent to the halide substituents. The synthetic applicability of this reaction was, however, limited by the fact that, depending on the temperature and the degree of halide substitution, scrambling of both iodo and bromo substituents at the ferrocene core took place.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo representative Walphos analogues with an achiral 2,2″-biferrocenediyl backbone were synthesized. These diphosphine ligands were tested in the rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of several alkenes and in the ruthenium-catalyzed hydrogenation of two ketones. The results were compared with those previously obtained on using biferrocene ligands with a -symmetric 2,2″-biferrocenediyl backbone as well as with those obtained with Walphos ligands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLittle is known on the role of distinct B-cell subtypes in human malignancies. We have recently performed a multiplex characterization of B cells in patient-derived tumor-associated tissues, documenting the activation and antigen-driven differentiation of B cells in metastatic lymph nodes and neoplastic lesions. Here we discuss the role of B lymphocytes as antigen-presenting cells and catalysts of T cell-based immunotherapies in view of these findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFB lymphocytes contribute to immune surveillance, by tumor-specific Abs and Ag presentation to T lymphocytes, but are insufficiently studied in humans. In this article, we report a flow cytometric investigation of B lymphocyte subpopulations in blood, lymph nodes (LNs), and malignant tissues from 20 patients operated on because of advanced solid tumors. The CD19(+) compartment in peripheral blood was essentially unaltered in patients, as compared with healthy control subjects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent studies indicate that chemotherapeutic agents may increase the anti-tumoral immune response. Based on the pivotal role of dendritic cells (DCs) in host tumour-specific immune responses, we investigated the effect of commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs dexamethasone, doxorubicin, cisplatin and irinotecan and glucocorticoids on monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). Dexamethasone displayed the strongest inhibitory effect on DC differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Drug Abuse Rev
March 2013
Tobacco dependence is the leading cause of preventable death and disability in the United States. While smoking prevalence among U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA total of four biferrocene-based Walphos-type ligands have been synthesized, structurally characterized, and tested in the rhodium-, ruthenium- and iridium-catalyzed hydrogenation of alkenes and ketones. Negishi coupling conditions allowed the biferrocene backbone of these diphosphine ligands to be built up diastereoselectively from the two nonidentical and nonracemic ferrocene fragments ()-1-(,-dimethylamino)ethylferrocene and ()-2-bromoiodoferrocene. The molecular structures of ()-2-bromoiodoferrocene, the coupling product, two ligands, and the two complexes ([PdCl(L)] and [RuCl(-cymene)(L)]PF) were determined by X-ray diffraction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online
December 2011
The title structure, [Fe(2)(C(5)H(5))(2)(C(14)H(19)BBrN)], contains a chiral and asymmetrically 2,2''-disubstituted biferrocene designed as precursor for enanti-oselective non-C(2)-symmetric biferrocenyldiphosphine catalysts. The mean bond lengths in the biferrocene unit are Fe-C = 2.048 (10) Å and C-C = 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPast sexual trauma is frequently linked to the development of behavioral spells, present among 30% of patients admitted for video/EEG monitoring. Current attempts to verify and explore mechanisms in this reported association revealed that patients with epilepsy (n=58) and those with behavioral spells (n=38) did not differ in their self-report of past sexual trauma (among approximately 38% in each group). Ninety percent (90%) of men with behavioral spells endorsed past physical abuse, however, compared with 45% of men with epilepsy, and 40% of men with spells likely met current criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To systematically assess the evidence for an association between sexual abuse and a lifetime diagnosis of psychiatric disorders.
Patients And Methods: We performed a comprehensive search (from January 1980-December 2008, all age groups, any language, any population) of 9 databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Current Contents, PsycINFO, ACP Journal Club, CCTR, CDSR, and DARE. Controlled vocabulary supplemented with keywords was used to define the concept areas of sexual abuse and psychiatric disorders and was limited to epidemiological studies.
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis
March 2010
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a costly and deadly disease afflicting an estimated 210 million people and accounting for 5% of all global deaths. Exposure to cigarette smoke is the greatest risk factor for COPD in the developed world. Smoking cessation improves respiratory symptoms and lung function and reduces mortality among patients with COPD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Many patients presenting for general medical care have a history of sexual abuse. The literature suggests an association between a history of sexual abuse and somatic sequelae.
Objective: To systematically assess the association between sexual abuse and a lifetime diagnosis of somatic disorders.
There are no cohort studies describing outcomes of patients colonized with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). We therefore conducted a retrospective cohort study of 217 consecutive adults undergoing AHSCT at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN, USA) from 1998 to 2004. We analyzed the association between VRE colonization prior to transplant and 100-day post transplant mortality and morbidity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Previously, we showed that colonic epithelium of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients expresses increased levels of mRNA for 3 antimicrobial peptides, human beta-defensin 2 (hBD-2), hBD-3, and hBD-4 compared to controls.
Methods: Human colon mucosa was analyzed using double immunofluorescence staining, in situ hybridization, immunoelectron microscopy, and quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) with specific antibodies and probes in the respective assays.
Results: We demonstrate that lamina propria in colon from UC patients, Crohn's colitis patients, and controls contain cells that express hBD-2.