Dual optimization in anaerobic digestion of rice straw: Effects HRT and OLR coupling on methane production in one-stage and two-stage systems.

This experiment reports an energy-saving, cost-effective and environmental-friendly method to recover energy from high-cellulose waste: anaerobic digestion (AD) by extending hydraulic residence time (HRT) from 50d to 70d with ultra-high organic loading rate (OLR) of 2.28-2.80 g TS·L d.

High Temperature-Insensitive Electrostrain Obtained in (K, Na)NbO-Based Lead-Free Piezoceramics.

Over the last decades, notable progress is achieved in (K, Na)NbO (KNN)-based lead-free piezoceramics. However, more studies are conducted to increase its piezoelectric charge coefficient (d). For actuator applications, piezoceramics need high electric-field induced strain under low electric fields while maintaining exceptional temperature stability across a wide temperature range.

Risk prediction of postoperative permanent stroke in acute type A aortic dissection patients with severe common carotid artery stenosis using brain CT perfusion.

Rationale And Objectives: To explore the feasibility and predictive utility for neurological outcomes of brain computed tomography perfusion (CTP) for surgically treated acute type A aortic dissection patients with severe common carotid artery stenosis.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive acute type A aortic dissection patients with severe common carotid artery stenosis undergoing preoperative brain computed tomography perfusion and surgery at our center were examined in retrospect. Brain perfusion was assessed using parameters including cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, mean transmit time, time to maximum, penumbra volume and infarct core volume.

Identification of RCAN1's role in hepatocellular carcinoma using single-cell analysis.

Background: The regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) is expressed in multiple organs, including the heart, liver, brain, and kidney, and is closely linked to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, Down syndrome, and Alzheimer's disease. It is also implicated in the development of various organ tumors; however, its potential role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the potential mechanisms of RCAN1 in HCC through bioinformatics analysis.

IL-23 Priming Enhances the Neuroprotective Effects of MSC-Derived Exosomes in Treating Retinal Degeneration.

Purpose: Neuroinflammation is a characteristic feature of neurodegenerative diseases. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-exo) have shown neuroprotective effects through immunoregulation, but the therapeutic efficacy remains unsatisfactory. This study aims to enhance the neuroprotective capacity of MSC-exo through IL-23 priming for treating retinal degeneration in mice.

LUCMT: Learnable under-sampling and reconstructed network with cross multi-head attention transformer for accelerating MR image reconstruction.

Background And Objective: As a widely used technique for Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) acceleration, compressed sensing MRI involves two main issues: designing an effective sampling strategy and reconstructing the image from significantly under-sampled K-space data. In this paper, an innovative approach is proposed to address these two challenges simultaneously.

Methods: A novel MRI reconstruction method, termed as LUCMT, is implemented by integrating a learnable under-sampling strategy with a reconstruction network based on the Cross Multi-head Attention Transformer.

Construction of central and axial chirality Pd(II)/Bim-catalyzed asymmetric dearomative Michael reaction of polycyclic tropones.

A highly enantioselective Pd/Bim-catalyzed dearomative Michael reaction applying polycyclic tropones as non-benzenoid aromatic Michael acceptors and arylboronic acids as aryl pronucleophiles has been developed. The bridged biaryls bearing central and axial chirality, including pentacyclic cyclohepta[]indoles and 6,7-dihydrodibenzo[,][7]annulen-5-ones, are generally generated in good to high yields and excellent enantioselectivities and can be readily transformed into useful derivatives.

Partitioning polar-slush strategy in relaxors leads to large energy-storage capability.

Relaxor ferroelectric (RFE) films are promising energy-storage candidates for miniaturizing high-power electronic systems, which is credited to their high energy density () and efficiency. However, advancing their beyond 200 joules per cubic centimeter is challenging, limiting their potential for next-generation energy-storage devices. We implemented a partitioning polar-slush strategy in RFEs to push the boundary of .

A comparison of perceptual-cognitive skills in expert and non-expert sports officials: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to systematically compare and assess the differences in perceptual-cognitive skills between expert and non-expert sports officials, and further explore the potential differences caused by different types of sports officials, in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the perceptual-cognitive skills of sports officials.

Methods: Relevant literature published before 31 December 2022 was searched in four English databases. Review Manager 5.

Therapeutic intervention in neuroinflammation for neovascular ocular diseases through targeting the cGAS-STING-necroptosis pathway.

The microglia-mediated neuroinflammation have been shown to play a crucial role in the ocular pathological angiogenesis process, but specific immunotherapies for neovascular ocular diseases are still lacking. This study proposed that targeting GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) might be a novel immunotherapy for these angiogenesis diseases. We found a significant upregulation of CGAS and STING genes in the RNA-seq data derived from retinal tissues of the patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Silencing of the T-type voltage-gated calcium channel α subunit by fungus-mediated RNAi altered the structure of F-actin and caused defective behaviors in Ditylenchus destructor.

Background: T-type calcium channels, characterized as low-voltage activated (LVA) calcium channels, play crucial physiological roles across a wide range of tissues, including both the neuronal and nonneuronal systems. Using in situ hybridization and RNA interference (RNAi) techniques in vitro, we previously identified the tissue distribution and physiological function of the T-type calcium channel α subunit (DdCα1G) in the plant-parasitic nematode Ditylenchus destructor.

Methods And Results: To further characterize the functional role of DdCα1G, we employed a combination of immunohistochemistry and fungus-mediated RNAi and found that DdCα1G was clearly distributed in stylet-related tissue, oesophageal gland-related tissue, secretory-excretory duct-related tissue and male spicule-related tissue.

Evaluating the effectiveness of a novel digital evaluation technology on dental preclinical crown preparation training.

Objectives: To evaluate the assessment scores of a novel digital training program versus traditional training in dental preclinical crown preparation.

Methods: Crown preparations in two consecutive preclinical training sessions were retrospectively collected and assigned to three groups: traditional group (TG), scanning group (SG), and digital evaluation group (DG). Students in the TG (n = 20) were taught by conventional visual grading, while students in the SG (n = 25) received three-dimensional feedback from digitally scanned preparations.

Identification of 4 autophagy-related genes in heart failure by bioinformatics analysis and machine learning.

Introduction: Autophagy refers to the process of breaking down and recycling damaged or unnecessary components within a cell to maintain cellular homeostasis. Heart failure (HF) is a severe medical condition that poses a serious threat to the patient's life. Autophagy is known to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of HF.

Correlation of lifestyle behaviors during pregnancy with postpartum depression status of puerpera in the rural areas of South China.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is among the most common postpartum complications. Its prevalence is associated with strong regional variability. Women in rural areas of China have a high risk of PPD.

Establishment of a multicomponent quality control method and the transfer characteristics of five markers from Qidongning Formula to rat tissues by HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS.

Traditional Chinese medicine compound preparations have become an increasingly utilized strategy for tumour treatment. Qidongning Formula (QDN) is a kind of antitumour compound preparation used in hospitals, and it can inhibit the growth of lung cancer cells. However, due to the complexity of botanical drugs, the quality evaluation of QDN is inconsistent, affecting clinical efficacy and posing potential safety risks for clinical application.

A chiral pentanidium and pyridinyl-sulphonamide ion pair as an enantioselective organocatalyst for Steglich rearrangement.

Enantioselective ion pair catalysis has gained significant attention due to its ability to exert selectivity control in various reactions. Achiral counterions have been found to play crucial roles in modulating reactivity and selectivity. The modular nature of an ion pair catalyst allows rapid alterations of the achiral counterion to achieve optimal outcomes, without the need to modify the more onerous chiral component.

[Identification of ecological functional zoning and its influencing factors in the Sihu Lake Basin, China].

Rational delineation of ecological functional areas and clarification of their driving factors are of significance for maintaining regional ecosystem stability. We assessed six ecosystem services of Sihu Lake Basin located in Jianghan Plain using InVEST and RUSLE models and recreational scoring methods. By using K-means clustering, we identified the ecosystem service bundles, and delineated the ecological functional areas in combination with ecological sensitivity and ecosystem service bundles.

HIF-1α Reduction by Lowering Intraocular Pressure Alleviated Retinal Neovascularization.

Hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse, a well-established angiogenesis model, has been extensively used to evaluate the effect of anti-angiogenic agents through intravitreal injection. Here, we serendipitously found that the needles used for intravitreal injection caused an unexpected "anti-angiogenic" effect in the OIR mice.

Ultrathin membranes to sieve gases.

Mixed-matrix membranes could enable gas separation for carbon capture.

Clinical/prognostic significance of Syndecan-1 expression in invasive breast carcinoma with distant metastasis and its correlation with tumor immunity.

Objective: Breast Cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor for women in the world. 90% of BC-associated deaths are attributed to distant metastasis (DM). Therefore, there is an urgent need for a novel molecular target for the treatment of distant metastatic breast cancer (DMBC).

Polymorphism of Estrogen Receptor Genes and Its Interactions With Neurodevelopmental Genes in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Among Chinese Han Descent.

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a polygenic neurodevelopmental disorder with significant gender differences. The sexual dimorphism of ADHD may be associated with estrogen acting through estrogen receptors (ESR). This study investigates the impact of ESR gene polymorphism and its interactions with neurodevelopmental genes on ADHD susceptibility.

Nonhuman Primate Eyes Display Variable Growth and Aging Rates in Alignment With Human Eyes.

Purpose: To assess age-related biometric changes of the eye in nonhuman primates (NHPs), to and decipher the growth and aging rates and their comparability with humans.

Methods: Ocular anatomic measurements were performed on 341 macaca fascicularis aged 0.5 to 23 years via multimodal approaches including IOLMaster 700.

Associations between intimate partner violence and adverse birth outcomes during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been associated with an elevated risk of multiple adverse birth outcomes, yet little is known about how specific IPV influences adverse birth outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the association between IPV during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes (i.e.