Enhanced Toughness and Ductility of Friction Stir Welded SA516 Gr.70 Steel Joint via Post-Welding Annealing.

The SA516 Gr.70 steel possessing excellent toughness and plasticity has been widely used in the cryogenic field. However, the appearance of coarse bainite in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the fusion welded joint deteriorates the toughness and ductility.

Tailor the Functionalities of Metasurfaces Based on a Complete Phase Diagram.

Metasurfaces in a metal-insulator-metal configuration have been widely used in photonics, with applications ranging from perfect absorption to phase modulation, but why and when such structures can realize what functionalities are not yet fully understood. Here, we establish a complete phase diagram in which the optical properties of such systems are fully controlled by two simple parameters (i.e.