Primary Sjögren's syndrome independently promotes premature subclinical atherosclerosis.

Objectives: Cardiovascular comorbidities are common in patients with autoimmune diseases. This study investigates the extent of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Correlations with clinical factors such as organ involvement (OI) or disease activity were analysed and oxLDL antibodies (oxLDL ab) were measured as potential biomarkers of vascular damage.

Tris(4-azidophenyl)methanol - a novel and multifunctional thiol protecting group.

The novel tris(4-azidophenyl)methanol, a multifunctionalisable aryl azide, is reported. The aryl azide can be used as a protecting group for thiols in peptoid synthesis and can be cleaved under mild reaction conditions a Staudinger reduction. Moreover, the easily accessible aryl azide can be functionalised copper-catalysed cycloaddition reactions, providing additional opportunities for materials chemistry applications.

Premature stroke and cardiovascular risk in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Introduction: Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is associated with an increased prevalence of traditional risk factors and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The study aimed to identify specific risk factors for CVD in pSS patients.

Methods: PSS patients with and without CVD were compared.

Design Strategies for Structurally Controlled Polymer Surfaces via Cyclophane-Based CVD Polymerization and Post-CVD Fabrication.

Molecular structuring of soft matter with precise arrangements over multiple hierarchical levels, especially on polymer surfaces, and enabling their post-synthetic modulation has tremendous potential for application in molecular engineering and interfacial science. Here, recent research and developments in design strategies for structurally controlled polymer surfaces via cyclophane-based chemical vapor deposition (CVD) polymerization with precise control over chemical functionalities and post-CVD fabrication via orthogonal surface functionalization that facilitates the formation of designable biointerfaces are summarized. Particular discussion about innovative approaches for the templated synthesis of shape-controlled CVD polymers, ranging from 1D to 3D architecture, including inside confined nanochannels, nanofibers/nanowires synthesis into an anisotropic media such as liquid crystals, and CVD polymer nanohelices via hierarchical chirality transfer across multiple length scales is provided.

C-P bond formation of cyclophanyl-, and aryl halides a UV-induced photo Arbuzov reaction: a versatile portal to phosphonate-grafted scaffolds.

A new versatile method for the C-P bond formation of (hetero)aryl halides with trimethyl phosphite a UV-induced photo-Arbuzov reaction, accessing diverse phosphonate-grafted arenes, heteroarenes and co-facially stacked cyclophanes under mild reaction conditions without the need for catalyst, additives, or base is developed. The UV-induced photo-Arbuzov protocol has a wide synthetic scope with large functional group compatibility exemplified by over 30 derivatives. Besides mono-phosphonates, di- and tri-phosphonates are accessible in good to excellent yields.

Cyclotrons Operated for Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmacy in the German Speaking D-A-CH Countries: An Update on Current Status and Trends.

Background: Cyclotrons form a central infrastructure and are a resource of medical radionuclides for the development of new radiotracers as well as the production and supply of clinically established radiopharmaceuticals for patient care in nuclear medicine.

Aim: To provide an updated overview of the number and characteristics of cyclotrons that are currently in use within radiopharmaceutical sciences and for the development of radiopharmaceuticals to be used for patient care in Nuclear Medicine in Germany (D), Austria (A) and Switzerland (CH).

Methods: Publicly available information on the cyclotron infrastructure was (i) consolidated and updated, (ii) supplemented by selective desktop research and, last but not least, (iii) validated by members of the committee of the academic "Working Group Radiochemistry and Radiopharmacy" (AGRR), consisting of radiochemists and radiopharmacists of the D-A-CH countries and belonging to the German Society of Nuclear Medicine (DGN), as well as the Radiopharmaceuticals Committee of the DGN.

Surfaces Decorated with Enantiomorphically Pure Polymer Nanohelices via Hierarchical Chirality Transfer across Multiple Length Scales.

Mesoscale chiral materials are prepared by lithographic methods, assembly of chiral building blocks, and through syntheses in the presence of polarized light. Typically, these processes result in micrometer-sized structures, require complex top-down manipulation, or rely on tedious asymmetric separation. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) polymerization of chiral precursors into supported films of liquid crystals (LCs) are discovered to result in superhierarchical arrangements of enantiomorphically pure nanofibers.

Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of [2.2]Paracyclophane-derived Fused Imidazo[1,2-a]heterocycles by Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé Reaction: Accessing Cyclophanyl Imidazole Ligands Library.

This report describes the synthesis of a [2.2]paracyclophane-derived annulated 3-amino-imidazole ligand library through a Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé three-component reaction (GBB-3CR) approach employing formyl-cyclophanes in combination with diverse aliphatic and aromatic isocyanides and heteroaromatic amidines. The GBB-3CR process gives access to skeletally-diverse cyclophanyl imidazole ligands, namely 3-amino-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazines.

Metal-to-Metal Distance Modulated Au(I)/Ru(II) Cyclophanyl Complexes: Cooperative Effects in Photoredox Catalysis.

The modular synthesis of Au(I)/Ru(II) decorated mono- and heterobimetallic complexes with π-conjugated [2.2]paracyclophane is described. [2.

Skeletal Editing-Nitrogen Deletion of Secondary Amines by Anomeric Amide Reagents.

Late-stage modification is highly desirable for the diversification and modification of biologically active compounds. Peripheral editing (e.g.

Rise of Clinical Studies in the Field of Machine Learning: A Review of Data Registered in ClinicalTrials.gov.

Although advances in machine-learning healthcare applications promise great potential for innovative medical care, few data are available on the translational status of these new technologies. We aimed to provide a comprehensive characterization of the development and status quo of clinical studies in the field of machine learning. For this purpose, we performed a registry-based analysis of machine-learning-related studies that were published and first available in the ClinicalTrials.

[PSMA radioligand therapy could pose infrastructural challenges for nuclear medicine: results of a basic calculation for the capacity planning of nuclear medicine beds in the German hospital sector].

Background:  With the increasing use of the Lu-177-PSMA-RLT for the treatment of advanced castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), an estimation of the necessary therapy beds in nuclear medicine departments is of great importance in the view of the high number of cases of advanced prostate cancer, and as a basis to avoid a potentially infrastructure-related bottleneck for patient care in this field.

Methods:  The number of therapy beds available in German nuclear medicine departments was included in a basic calculation in view of the overall potential for therapy beds to be expected in the event of a possible approval of a therapeutic agent for the Lu-177-PSMA-RLT for mCRPC patients. A potential expansion of the Lu-PSMA-therapy indications was not taken into account.

Controlling Regioselectivity in Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Activation/Aryl-Aryl Coupling of 4-Phenylamino[2.2]paracyclophane.

Selective activation/functionalization of C-H bonds has emerged as an atom- and step-economical process at the forefront of modern synthetic chemistry. This work reports palladium-catalyzed exclusively para-selective C-H activation/aryl-aryl bond formation with a preference over N-arylation under the Buchwald-Hartwig amination reaction of 4-phenylamino[2.2]paracyclophane.

Current Status of PSMA-Radiotracers for Prostate Cancer: Data Analysis of Prospective Trials Listed on ClinicalTrials.gov.

The recent development of dedicated prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeted radioligands shows the potential to change and improve the diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer. There is an increasing number of prospective trials to further establish these tracers in the clinical setting. We analyzed data from the ClinicalTrials.

A highly stable, Au/Ru heterobimetallic photoredox catalyst with a [2.2]paracyclophane backbone.

We report the synthesis and catalytic application of a highly stable distance-defined Au/Ru heterobimetallic complex. [2.2]Paracyclophane serves as a backbone, holding the two metal centers in a spatial orientation and metal-metal fixed distance.

Metal-supported and -assisted stereoselective cooperative photoredox catalysis.

In this perspective, we review those stereoselective photocatalytic reactions that use synergy between photoredox catalysts and transition metal catalysts. In particular, we highlight the orchestrated interaction between two and more metals which not only enhance the turnover numbers, but also lead to increased selectivities. Aspects of green chemistry and sustainable developments are included.

[Initiation of clinical multicentre studies with local radiotracer production - Regulatory environment and radiopharmaceutical-organisational aspects].

The aim of this paper is to highlight key aspects to be considered from a radiopharmaceutical point of view when performing prospective multicentre clinical trials using short-lived PSMA-PET-radiopharmaceuticals as investigational medicinal product (IMP). Early prospective multicentre clinical trials are playing an increasingly important role in nuclear medicine translational research; in order to be able to establish new PET tracers with a short physical half-life (e. g.

Post market surveillance in the german medical device sector - current state and future perspectives.

Medical devices play a central role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases but also bring the potential for adverse events, hazards or malfunction with serious consequences for patients and users. Medical device manufacturers are therefore required by law to monitor the performance of medical devices that have been approved by the competent authorities (post market surveillance). Conducting a nationwide online-survey in the German medical device sector in Q2/2014 in order to explore the current status of the use of post market instruments we obtained a total of 118 complete data sets, for a return rate of 36%.

Innovation for Safe and Effective Medical Devices: Contributions From Postmarket Surveillance.

Background: Recent years have seen great interest in finding new ways to develop innovative, safe, and effective medical devices. While there has been considerable research on the lead user and open innovation approach, relatively little attention has been given to postmarket surveillance as a valuable source of safety-related information on medical devices.

Methods: An online questionnaire was sent to 118 postmarket surveillance experts throughout Germany to find out (1) what instruments medical device manufactures use to promote an internal transfer of postmarket surveillance knowledge and (2) to what extent this can lead to impulses for research and development meant to improve or develop new medical devices.

[Prevention of medical device-related adverse events in hospitals: Specifying the recommendations of the German Coalition for Patient Safety (APS) for users and operators of anaesthesia equipment].

Background: The use and organisation of medical technology has an important role to play for patient and user safety in anaesthesia.

Objectives: Specification of the recommendations of the German Coalition for Patient Safety (APS) for users and operators of anaesthesia equipment, explore opportunities and challenges for the safe use and organisation of anaesthesia devices.

Methods: We conducted a literature search in Medline/PubMed for studies dealing with the APS recommendations for the prevention of medical device-related risks in the context of anaesthesia.

Adjusting ventilator off-cycling in invasively ventilated COPD patients needs comprehensive adjustments.

Background: Patient-ventilator asynchrony that prolongs weaning and increases morbidity and mortality is common during invasive ventilation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this context, the inspiratory cycling criteria (iCC) of the ventilator during assisted pressure support (PS) ventilation is a poorly acknowledged key factor. We investigated the changes of flow and pressure parameters that resulted from varying the iCC in a simulated COPD lung model.

Patient-Ventilator Interaction During Noninvasive Ventilation in Simulated COPD.

Background: During noninvasive ventilation (NIV) of COPD patients, delayed off-cycling of pressure support can cause patient ventilator mismatch and NIV failure. This systematic experimental study analyzes the effects of varying cycling criteria on patient-ventilator interaction.

Methods: A lung simulator with COPD settings was connected to an ICU ventilator via helmet or face mask.