Contingency Contracts for Weight Gain of Patients with Anorexia Nervosa in Inpatient Therapy: Practice Styles of Specialized Centers.

The treatment of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) is often challenging, due to a high degree of ambivalence towards recovery and weight gain these patients often express. One part of the multimodal treatment is the utilization of treatment contracts (i.e.

Chronic pain in refugees with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): A systematic review on patients' characteristics and specific interventions.

Objective: Chronic pain in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a frequent symptom and a complicating factor in the treatment of patients. The study' purpose is to systematically review the scientific literature on patients' characteristics and the effects of specific interventions implemented for the treatment of chronic pain in traumatized refugees.

Method: A systematic search of the current literature was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science, from 1996 to 2017.

Boosting competence-orientation in undergraduate medical education - A web-based tool linking curricular mapping and visual analytics.

Transition to competency-based medical education is a highly challenging endeavor. Students, teachers and institutions need curricular transparency for understanding the build-up of competencies in terms of coverage, sequence and consistence of learning objectives and assessment. The project aim was to develop and implement a web-based interactive platform for curriculum mapping, diagnostics, and development.

The importance of body image disturbances for the outcome of outpatient psychotherapy in patients with anorexia nervosa: Results of the ANTOP-study.

This study investigates the role of body image self-appraisal in predicting the outcomes of outpatient psychotherapy in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Multiple linear regression analyses and a path-analysis model were applied to test the study hypotheses that body image at baseline predicts treatment outcomes of outpatient psychotherapy in patients with AN at follow-up measurement. The analyses were conducted as secondary analyses in a subgroup (n = 148) of the anorexia nervosa treatment of outpatient-cohort (ANTOP-study) (N = 242) of patients with AN.

Methodological Recommendations for Trials of Psychological Interventions.

Recent years have seen major developments in psychotherapy research that suggest the need to address critical methodological issues. These recommendations, developed by an international group of researchers, do not replace those for randomized controlled trials, but rather supplement strategies that need to be taken into account when considering psychological treatments. The limitations of traditional taxonomy and assessment methods are outlined, with suggestions for consideration of staging methods.

Where Do You Look? Visual Attention to Human Bodies across the Weight Spectrum in Individuals with Normal Weight or with Obesity.

Objective: We investigated how individuals with normal weight (NW) versus individuals with obesity (OB) visually explore human bodies varying in BMI.

Methods: 16 OB (BMI 37.5 ± 7.

Perceptions of tableware size in households of children and adolescents with obesity.

Purpose: Portion size influences energy intake and is an important factor when developing weight management strategies. The effect of tableware on food intake is less clear, especially in children. To date, the relationship between the body weight of individuals and the tableware used in their households has not been investigated.

Secondary Traumatization in Caregivers Working With Women and Children Who Suffered Extreme Violence by the "Islamic State".

Refugees fleeing persecution, torture, or sexual violence are at high risk of developing both acute and chronic psychological disorders. Systematic violence, as committed against the Yazidi minority in Northern Iraq by the terror organization known as the Islamic State (IS), can be seen as a particularly traumatic burden to the victims, but also to caregivers providing treatments and assistance to them. The intense exposure to traumatic content may cause secondary traumatization in respective caregivers.

Stimulating Weight Stigma in Future Experimental Designs on Physical Activity - Development and Pilot Validation of a Video Instrument.

Objective: There is a need for more experimental research on weight stigma and physical activity, specifically among men with obesity. Yet, validated procedures are required. The goal of this study was i) to develop a 10-min video instrument for the experimental induction of physical activity-related weight stigma (including a neutral control video), and ii) to collect information with regards to its content, face, construct, and criterion validity.

[Teaching about chronic pain in psychosomatics courses - an overview of the situation in Germany and the Tübingen Model].

Unlabelled: Teaching about chronic pain in psychosomatics courses - an overview of the situation in Germany and the Tübingen Model Objectives: When dealing with chronic pain patients it is crucial to take a bio-psycho-social approach. However, it is unclear how this approach is currently being taught to medical students, and how they judge its role and importance.

Methods: We carried out a qualitative study (questionnaire) asking (1) German psychosomatic departments about pain-related teaching and (2) medical undergraduates about pain-relevant issues.

Impaired Gastric Myoelectrical Reactivity in Children and Adolescents with Obesity Compared to Normal-Weight Controls.

Obesity often has its onset in childhood and can be accompanied by various comorbidities such as functional gastrointestinal disorders and altered gastric myoelectrical activity (GMA). This study investigates whether obesity in childhood and adolescence is already associated with altered GMA, and whether an inpatient weight loss program affects GMA. Sixty children with obesity (OBE) and 27 normal-weight children (NW) (12.

Psychotherapeutic Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

The aim of the study was a systematic review of studies evaluating psychotherapeutic treatment approaches in anorexia nervosa and to compare their efficacy. Weight gain was chosen as the primary outcome criterion. We also aimed to compare treatment effects according to service level (inpatient vs.

Professional burnout among medical students: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to summarize the available evidence on the prevalence of professional burnout among medical students.

Methods: The review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Databases were systematically searched for peer-reviewed articles, reporting burnout among medical students published between 2000 and 2017.

The effectiveness of contingency management in the treatment of patients with anorexia nervosa: A systematic review.

Contingency management in stipulating weight gain is routinely used in the treatment of anorexia nervosa, however, empirical investigations concerning its effectiveness have been scarce. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. Of N = 973 hits, 42 full-texts were included in the qualitative synthesis (11 theoretical texts, 19 case reports, 12 descriptive, cohort, and controlled trials).

Why are some groups physically active and others not? A contrast group analysis in leisure settings.

Background: This field study aims to investigate the determinants of physical activity of particularly active and inactive groups in their leisure environments. In order to consider the context in which physical activity occurs and to investigate whether cultural settings may influence physical activity, we conducted the study at pools in different cultural environments - Hawai'i and Germany.

Methods: This study presents the quantitative data of a systematic (covert) participant observation.

The Role of Work-Related Factors in the Development of Psychological Distress and Associated Mental Disorders: Differential Views of Human Resource Managers, Occupational Physicians, Primary Care Physicians and Psychotherapists in Germany.

: This study analyses the perceived relevance of stress-dimensions in work-settings from the differential views of Human Resource Managers (HRM), Occupational Physicians (OP), Primary Care Physicians (PCP) and Psychotherapists (PT) in Germany. : Cross-sectional study design, using a self-report questionnaire. Descriptive measures and explorative bivariate methods were applied for group-comparisons.

Processing of Emotional Faces in Patients with Chronic Pain Disorder: An Eye-Tracking Study.

Objective: Problems in emotion processing potentially contribute to the development and maintenance of chronic pain. Theories focusing on attentional processing have suggested that dysfunctional attention deployment toward emotional information, i.e.

History, aims and present structure of psychosomatic medicine in Germany.

Combining its two traditions of integrated psychosomatics in internal medicine and focusing on psychotherapeutic/psychiatric methods in many clinical fields, German psychosomatic medicine has developed well over the last decades. It benefits from its institutional independence and the progressive changes in health care. Clinically, disorder-oriented psychotherapy is a core method integrated with other modes of therapy.

Prevention of Common Mental Disorders in Employees. Perspectives on Collaboration from Three Health Care Professions.

Collaboration among occupational health physicians, primary care physicians and psychotherapists in the prevention and treatment of common mental disorders in employees has been scarcely researched. To identify potential for improvement, these professions were surveyed in Baden-Württemberg (Germany). Four hundred and fifty occupational health physicians, 1000 primary care physicians and 700 resident medical and psychological psychotherapists received a standardized questionnaire about their experiences, attitudes and wishes regarding activities for primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of common mental disorders in employees.

Differential determination of perceived stress in medical students and high-school graduates due to private and training-related stressors.

Objective: Numerous studies from diverse contexts have confirmed high stress levels and stress-associated health impairment in medical students. This study aimed to explore the differential association of perceived stress with private and training-related stressors in medical students according to their stage of medical education.

Methods: Participants were high-school graduates who plan to study medicine and students in their first, third, sixth, or ninth semester of medical school or in practical medical training.

Economic evaluation of cognitive behavioral therapy and Internet-based guided self-help for binge-eating disorder.

Objective: To determine the cost-effectiveness of individual face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) compared to therapist guided Internet-based self-help (GSH-I) in overweight or obese adults with binge-eating disorder (BED).

Method: Analysis was conducted alongside the multicenter randomized controlled INTERBED trial. CBT (n = 76) consisted of up to 20 individual therapy sessions over 4 months.