Contribution of the gasotransmitter nitric oxide to the structural and functional organization of erythrocytes under conditions of hypoxia/reoxygenation.

Hypoxia is accompanied by changes in metabolism and cell functioning. Erythrocyte hemoglobin can be involved in adaptation to hypoxia by acting as an oxygen sensor, providing a link between oxygen content and blood circulation. The mechanisms providing this function have not been completely established.

Machine Learning for Analysis of Microscopy Images: A Practical Guide and Latest Trends.

The explosive growth of Machine Learning provided scientists with insights into the data in the ways unattainable using established research techniques. It allowed the detection of biological features that were previously unrecognized and overlooked. Yet, since Machine Learning methodology originates from informatics, many cell biology laboratories experience difficulties with implementing it.

Oxygen-binding properties of blood in insulin resistance with different asprosin content.

The oxygen-binding properties of blood were studied in male patients with insulin resistance (IR) with different levels of asprosin. The content of asprosin, parameters of blood oxygen transport function, as well as gas transmitters, nitrogen monoxide and hydrogen sulfide, were determined in the venous blood plasma. In the studied IR patients with increased blood asprosin content, impaired blood oxygenation was noted; IR patients with normal body weight had increased hemoglobin affinity for oxygen, while in IR patients with overweight and the 1st degree obesity, this parameter decreased.

[Features of ozone effect on the oxygen-dependent blood processes under hypercapnia conditions].

The aim of this work is to study of ozone effect on blood oxygen-dependent processes under hypercapnia conditions. The studied blood samples are pretreated with a hypercapnic gas mixture followed by the addition of ozonized isotonic sodium chloride solution (with an ozone concentration of 6 mg/l), as well as gaseous transmitters donors, nitroglycerin and sodium hydrosulfide. It has been established that hypercapnia enhanced the ozone effect on the blood oxygen transport function and was characterized by the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve shift to the right, also increased hydrogen sulfide synthesis and absence of changes in the nitrates/nitrites concentration.

SoxD genes are required for adult neural stem cell activation.

The adult neurogenic niche in the hippocampus is maintained through activation of reversibly quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs) with radial glia-like morphology (RGLs). Here, we show that the expression of SoxD transcription factors Sox5 and Sox6 is enriched in activated RGLs. Using inducible deletion of Sox5 or Sox6 in the adult mouse brain, we show that both genes are required for RGL activation and the generation of new neurons.

Machine Learning for Analysis of Microscopy Images: A Practical Guide.

The explosive growth of machine learning has provided scientists with insights into data in ways unattainable using prior research techniques. It has allowed the detection of biological features that were previously unrecognized and overlooked. However, because machine-learning methodology originates from informatics, many cell biology labs have experienced difficulties in implementing this approach.

Association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene G894T polymorphism with blood oxygen transport.

Background: Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in formation of oxygen transport function of blood and oxygen transport in tissues by means of interaction with haemoglobin. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene G894T polymorphism affects the expression and the activity of the NO synthase enzyme. The influence of this polymorphism on the formation of oxygen-dependent processes in the body has not been completely investigated.

[Prooxidant-antioxidant balance depending on endothelial nitric oxide synthase G894T polymorphism].

The aim of the study was to assess the prooxidant-antioxidant balance depending on endothelial nitric oxide synthase G894T polymorphism. The frequency distribution of alleles and genotypes of G894T polymorphism, nitrite concentration, hydrogen sulphide, lipid peroxidation products (diene conjugates, malonic dialdehyde), antioxidants (reduced glutathione, catalase, ceruloplasmin, retinol) were determined in venous blood of healthy males. The incidence of the GG genotype was 49.

Mobile Quantitative Colocalization Analysis of Fluorescence Microscopy Images.

Understanding the nature of fluorescently-labelled molecules requires proper quantification of their colocalization. We developed a new approach to enable quantification of colocalization of markers in fluorescence microscopy images using mobile computers. It consists of three interacting components: desktop computer - cloud - mobile device.

[Participation of melatonin in regulation of blood oxygen-transport function in oxidative stress induced by injection of lipopolisaccharide].

The contribution of melatonin to the regulatoin of the blood oxygen transport function was studied during oxidative stress induced by a triple injection of lipopolysaccharide (at a dose of 5 mg/kg) in conditions of erythropoietin and gasetransmitters (nitrogen monoxide, hydrogen sulfide) action. In the experimental groups, intraperitoneal injections of melatonin (5 mg/kg), erythropoietin (1000 U/kg), hydrogen sulfide donor (NaHS 5 mg/kg), and L-arginine (100 mg/kg), were performed. The use of melatonin alone or in combination with erythropoietin, sodium hydrosulfide or L-arginine led to a decrease in lipid peroxidation products and an increase in the antioxidant protection.

[PARTICIPATION OF GASEOUS TRANSMITTERS IN BLOOD OXYGEN TRANSPORT FUNCTION MODIFICATION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MAGNETIC FIELD].

Gaseous transmitters contribution in blood oxygen transport function modification under the influence of the magnetic field was studied. It is found, that irradiation of the tail artery of rats for 10 days during 10 minutes increases p50 value, indicating a decrease in the hemoglobin affinity for oxygen and is accompanied by increased concentrations of nitrate/nitrite, and hydrogen sulfide. Administration of L-arginine and nitroglycerin during magnetic field action is accompanied by a decrease of hemoglobin affinity for oxygen, which is absent when NO-synthase enzyme inhibitor (L-NAME) is added.

[THE INFLUENCE OF CARBON MONOXIDE ON THE PARAMETERS OF PROOXIDANT-ANTIOXIDANT BALANCE DURING HEPATIC ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION SYNDROME IN RATS].

The influence of carbon monoxide on the blood and liver prooxidant-antioxidant parameters: lipid peroxidation products (conjugated dienes, malondialdehyde, Schiff bases) and antioxidant system parameters (catalase, retinol, α-tocopherol, glutathione) were investigated in rats during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion. Hepatic ischemia was induced by Pringle maneuver for 30 min, reperfusion period was 120 min. It is detected, that hepatic ischemia-reperfusion leads to intensification of lipid peroxidation with declining of antioxidant defense.

[Erythropoietin influence on the blood oxygen transport and prooxidant-antioxidant state during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion].

The parameters of blood oxygen transport, the products of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative factors were determined in rats during the hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (HIR) under preliminary single injections of different doses ofrecombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO). Hepatic ischemia was induced for 30 min by Pringle maneuver, reperfusion lasted 120 min. The experiments had shown that HIR led to the significant decreases in the hemoglobin oxygen affinity, activation of lipid peroxidation, depletion of the antioxidant system, increases blood transaminases (ALT and AST).

[The role of NO-dependent mechanisms in melatonin antioxidant activity during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in rats].

The antioxidant effect of melatonin on the blood oxygen transport and prooxidant-antioxidant balance during with hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (HIR) with inhibited NO synthase function has been studied in male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups: (1) control; (2) hepatic ischemia (Pringle m., 30 min) and reperfusion for 120 min (HIR, n = 9); (9) HIR with melatonin (10 mg/kg, i.

Quantitative colocalization analysis of fluorescence microscopy images.

Colocalization is an important finding in many cell biological studies. This unit describes a protocol for quantitative evaluation of fluorescence microscopy images with colocalization based on calculation of a number of specialized coefficients. Images of double-stained sections are first subjected to background correction, and then various coefficients are calculated.

[Oxygen-binding capacities of hemoglobin and nitric oxide].

The analysis of the literature and our own results indicates that a nitric oxide carries out a role the allosteric effector of hemoglobin, changing its affinity to oxygen and defining a condition of oxygen transport blood function. It is important point for modification of functional properties of hemoglobin and its participation in the flow of oxygen in tissues, which plays an important role in development of disadaption reactions at stress and decreased bioactivity of the nitric oxide at the endothelial dysfunction. These findings give possiblity to creat the new ways to correct hypoxical conditions through influence on oxygen-binding properties of the blood and activity of L-arginin-NO system.

[Nitric oxide modification of hemoglobin oxygen affinity in different conditions of oxygenation].

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of hemoglobin oxygen affinity (HOA) in the presence of different oxygen partial pressure. In this research the effect of NO donors on gas-transport, acid-base balance, HOA indexes, metHb, iron-nitrosylhemoglobin amounts, and total nitrite/nitrate concentration was estimated in vitro. Experimentally, positive correlation was found between NO-dependent shift of HOA and hemoglobin oxygen saturation level.

[Effects of melatonin on oxygen-dependent processes].

Original and literature data on melatonin effects on various oxygen-dependent processes, in particular, blood oxygen transport and the free-radical reactions, are analyzed. Melatonin influences the oxygen binding properties of hemoglobin by changing hemoglobin oxygen affinity and optimizes the process of tissue oxygenation and prooxidant--antioxidant balance by reducing oxygen participation in free-radical processes.

Bridging the gap between qualitative and quantitative colocalization results in fluorescence microscopy studies.

Quantitative colocalization studies suffer from the lack of unified approach to interpret obtained results. We developed a tool to characterize the results of colocalization experiments in a way so that they are understandable and comparable both qualitatively and quantitatively. Employing a fuzzy system model and computer simulation, we produced a set of just five linguistic variables tied to the values of popular colocalization coefficients: "Very Weak", "Weak", "Moderate", "Strong", and "Very Strong".

[Sauna effect on blood oxygen transport function and proxidant/antioxidant balance in youths].

There was investigated sauna effect on blood oxygen transport function and proxidant/antioxidant balance in 18 to 22 years old males. Subjects being tested underwent thermal exposure once per week over a period of 5 months (20 procedures). There were two exposure over the course of sauna bathing (temperature 85-90 degrees C, humidity 10-15%): the first exposure lasted for 5 minutes and the second one for 10 minutes.

[Effect of sodium nitroprusside on hemoglobin oxygen binding properties of the blood during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in rabbits].

The parameters of blood oxygen transport were determined in rabbits during the hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (HIR) with or without sodium nitroprusside (SNP) administration. Hepatic ischemia was induced for 30 min by a. hepatica propria clamping, reperfusion lasted 120 min.

[Erythropoietin and blood oxygen transport: new sides of well-known problem].

Original results and literature data on the erythropoietin effects and mechanisms of action are analyzed. The action of this substance on blood oxygen transport is not only manifested by direct change in hemoglobin concentration and, correspondingly, by increased oxygen capacity, but is also mediated by modulators of hemoglobinaffinity to oxygen, in particular, via nitric oxide effect on hemoglobin.

Critical evaluation of quantitative colocalization analysis in confocal fluorescence microscopy.

Spatial colocalization of fluorescently labeled proteins can reveal valuable information about proteinprotein interactions. Compared to qualitative visual interpretation of dual color images, quantitative colocalization analysis (QCA) provides more objective evaluations to the degree of colocalization. However, the finite resolution power of microscopes and the spatial patterns of intracellular structures may compromise the reliability of many classical QCA methods.

[Peroxynitrite effect on the haemoglobin oxygen affinity in vitro in presence of different partial pressure of carbon dioxide].

Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) besides its toxic possesses regulatory action that includes the modulation of oxygen binding properties of blood. The aim of this work was to estimate ONOO- effect on the haemoglobin oxygen affinity (HOA) in vitro in presence of different partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2). The ONOO- presence in venous blood in conditions of hypercapnia induced oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve shift leftward while in hypocapnic conditions the result of a different character was obtained.

Quantifying spatial correlations of fluorescent markers using enhanced background reduction with protein proximity index and correlation coefficient estimations.

Interactions of proteins are examined by detecting their overlap using fluorescent markers. The observed overlap is then quantified to serve as a measure of spatial correlation. A major drawback of this approach is that it can produce false values because of the properties of the image background.