Arousal threshold modifies the effect of CPAP on executive function among individuals with obstructive sleep apnea.

Unlabelled: Arousal Threshold Modifies the Effect of CPAP on Executive Function Among Individuals with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is associated with neurocognitive dysfunction. However, randomized trials evaluating the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on neurocognition in those without dementia do not show a benefit.

The Great Controversy of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment for Cardiovascular Risk Benefit: Advancing the Science Through Expert Consensus. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.

The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is on the rise, driven by various factors including more sensitive diagnostic criteria, increased awareness, enhanced technology through at-home testing enabling easy and cost-effective diagnosis, and a growing incidence of comorbid conditions such as obesity. Treating symptomatic patients with OSA syndrome to enhance quality of life remains a cornerstone approach. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding treatment to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, particularly in light of overall negative results from several randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicating no benefit of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy on primary and secondary CVD events.

Novel physiologic predictors of positive airway pressure effectiveness (NICEPAP) study: rationale, design and methods.

Purpose: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the primary therapy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); however the effectiveness of CPAP remains suboptimal. We describe the Novel PhysIologiC prEdictors of Positive Airway Pressure Effectiveness (NICEPAP) study. Its purpose is to determine whether physiological traits of OSA contribute to CPAP effectiveness.

Effect of Triticale Grain in Diets on Performance, Development of Gastrointestinal Tract and Microflora in Crop and Ileum of Broiler Chickens.

The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of the use of a diet containing 30% triticale grain. In an experiment lasting 28 days, 180 one-day Ross-308 chickens (sex ratio 1:1) with an average initial body weight in treatment of 44.6 g were randomly assigned to 30 metabolic cages/replications, 6 birds in each.

The Present and Future of the Clinical Use of Physiological Traits for the Treatment of Patients with OSA: A Narrative Review.

People with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are a heterogeneous group. While many succeed in the treatment of their OSA, many others struggle with therapy. Herein, we discuss how anatomical and physiological factors that cause sleep apnea (OSA traits) impact treatment response and may offer an avenue for more precise care.

Association of Periodic Limb Movements and Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent studies have also linked periodic limb movements during sleep to CVD. We aimed to determine whether periodic limb movements during sleep and obstructive sleep apnea are independent or synergistic factors for CVD events or death.

Development of a Model for Preliminary Diagnosis of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis.

Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is a vector-borne natural focal disease that is not officially registered in Ukraine. The first 13 cases of HGA in adults in Ukraine were identified in 2007. The purpose of our study was to develop a predictive model of HGA based on clinical and laboratory characteristics to develop a three-level standard case definition of HGA.

A Single Clinical Case of Leptospirosis in a 70-Year-Old Man During the Military Conflict in Ukraine.

Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that affects both humans and animals worldwide. Clinical symptoms of leptospirosis in humans range widely, from mild to severe illness, with symptoms that can include severe jaundice, acute renal failure, hemorrhagic pneumonia, and meningitis. We present a detailed clinical description of a 70-year-old man with leptospirosis.

Morning Chronotype Is Associated with Improved Adherence to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure among Individuals with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Poor adherence limits the effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). A better understanding of CPAP adherence is needed to develop novel strategies to improve it. To determine if the chronotype (morning, evening, or intermediate) of patients with OSA is associated with differences in CPAP adherence.

Periodic limb movements during sleep and risk of hypertension: A systematic review.

Background: Several studies suggest an association between periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) and hypertension; however, a systematic evaluation of this relationship is lacking.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that reported odds ratio, relative risk, hazard ratio, or standardized incidence ratio, comparing the risk of hypertension in persons with PLMS (defined by the level of periodic limb movements per hour of sleep depended on individual studies) versus those without PLMS. After assessing heterogeneity and bias, the pooled risk ratio and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird.

Pathophysiology Underlying Demographic and Obesity Determinants of Sleep Apnea Severity.

Sleep apnea is the manifestation of key endotypic traits, including greater pharyngeal collapsibility, reduced dilator muscle compensation, and elevated chemoreflex loop gain. We investigated how endotypic traits vary with obesity, age, sex, and race/ethnicity to influence sleep apnea disease severity (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI]). Endotypic traits were estimated from polysomnography in a diverse community-based cohort study (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis,  = 1,971; age range, 54-93 yr).

Sleep Deficiency in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Sleep deficiency in patients with obstructive sleep apnea includes abnormal quality, timing, and duration of sleep, and the presence of other comorbid conditions. These include insomnia, circadian misalignment disorders, and periodic limb movements of sleep. The co-occurrence of these conditions with obstructive sleep apnea likely plays a role in the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management of obstructive sleep apnea.

Cardiovascular Benefit of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Adults with Coronary Artery Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnea without Excessive Sleepiness.

Randomized controlled trials of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have not demonstrated protection against adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Recently, observational studies revealed that OSA-related cardiovascular risk is concentrated in patients with an elevated pulse rate response to respiratory events (ΔHR). Here, in this analysis of a prospective clinical trial, we test the hypothesis that a greater pretreatment ΔHR is associated with greater CPAP-related protection against adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Polysomnographic Phenotypes of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the DREAM Study.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular disease and incident type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Seven OSA phenotypes, labeled on the basis of their most distinguishing polysomnographic features, have been shown to be differentially associated with incident cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about the relevance of polysomnographic phenotypes for the risk of T2DM.

Physiological Traits and Adherence to Sleep Apnea Therapy in Individuals with Coronary Artery Disease.

Untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most common treatment, but despite interventions addressing established adherence determinants, CPAP use remains poor. To determine whether physiological traits that cause OSA are associated with long-term CPAP adherence in patients with CAD.

A case report of septic gardnerellosis.

is a bacterium that is found as the most common cause of bacterial vaginitis in women. In this paper, we describe a case report of a 22-years old woman infected with , who was initially suspected to have Dengue fever. The similarity of clinical symptoms developed by this disease with the symptoms of some other tropical infectious diseases, as well as a travel history, complicated identification of the disease cause for this particular patient.

[The initial period of functioning of the Medical Faculty of the Imperial University of the Saint Vladimir and teaching of medical police].

The article considers the circumstances of the beginning of teaching medical police at St.Vladimir Imperial University in Kiev that was investigated for the first time. It was established that the medical police were taught as one of academic disciplines at the Department of State Medicine Studies.

Application of PCR for Specific Diagnosis of Leptospirosis in Humans in Ukraine.

Leptospirosis remains one of the most widespread zoonotic diseases in the world and Ukraine, in particular. Ukrainian clinicians have been faced with early detection of the disease due to the availability of only a serological method for routine diagnostics in Ukraine, namely the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). This paper demonstrates the first results of the complex application of MAT and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for routine verification of leptospirosis, which were first applied simultaneously in Lviv Oblast of Ukraine in 2016.

INTENSIFICATION OF ANTIVIRAL THERAPY OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B BY MEANS OF INTRADERMAL IMMUNIZATION WITH AUTOLEUKOCYTES.

Objective: The aim: Was a trial of intradermal immunization with native autoleukocytes as a curative vaccine.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Thus, 3-shot series vaccination by means of intradermal injection of autoleukocytes with 30 - 40 days interval was conducted for patients who, in spite of continuous (at least 2 years) therapy with nucleotide analogue, experienced HBV DNA reproduction. For this procedure, 80 - 100 ml of a patient's heparinized venous blood was being precipitated at the temperature 37оС for 120 - 140 minutes, after blood plasma was being centrifuged at 450g for 8 minutes.

Conceptual directions in organization of medical assistance for children in the conditions of education.

Objective: The aim of this work is: to define the Conceptual model of medical provision of children in educational institutions in modern conditions.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: analysis of data from a longitudinal study of children's health; questionnaire of parents, teachers, heads of educational institutions on the volume of medical support for students; questioning students' lifestyle and social determinants of health.

Results: Results: According to the study has determined the medical and social determinants which negative affect on health status of school age childrens; detected the most appropriate types of of school health services which based on the parents, medical and teachers opinion.