Health and economic impact of the 21-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (V116) for adults in Japan: a delta price approach.

Introduction: This study analyzed the health and economic impact of the 21-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (V116) and the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20), as well as their relative cost-effectiveness, in Japanese adults aged 65 years using a delta pricing approach.

Methods: A Markov model was employed to simulate the movement of the Japanese population among four health states: healthy, pneumococcal disease (consisting of invasive pneumococcal disease [IPD] with or without meningitis and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia [NBPP]), post-meningitis sequelae, and death. The model was populated with publicly available demographic and epidemiologic data, stratified by risk level.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Use of V116, a 21-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine, in Vaccine-Naïve Adults Aged ≥ 65 Years in the United States.

Introduction: Given the recent approval and recommendation of V116, a 21-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), in the United States (US), we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of using V116 versus the 20-valent PCV (PCV20) or the 15-valent PCV (PCV15) in series with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) among adults aged ≥ 65 years in the US who had never received a PCV previously.

Methods: A static multi-cohort state-transition Markov model was developed to estimate the lifetime incremental clinical and economic impact of V116 vs. PCV20 or PCV15 + PPSV23 from the societal perspective.

Lifetime Health and Economic Burden of Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases Attributable to V116 Serotypes Among Adults in the United States.

Introduction: This study aimed to estimate and compare the lifetime clinical and economic burden of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) attributable to the serotypes contained in a new 21-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (V116) vs. the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) among adults aged 18 years and above in the USA.

Methods: A state-transition Markov model was used to track IPD cases and deaths as well as the associated direct medical costs (in 2023 US dollars) from a US healthcare payer perspective at 3% annual discount rate.

Cost and health impact analysis of herpes zoster vaccination in Norway.

Background: A decision analytic model was developed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of a national vaccination program against herpes zoster in Norway.

Methods: The model analyzed six vaccination scenarios that included the live-attenuated zoster vaccine under different target ages of vaccination (60, 65, and 70 years) compared with no vaccination. A catch-up program implemented in the first year of the vaccination was included in three of the scenarios.

Trends in Characteristics of Patients Listed for Liver Transplantation Will Lead to Higher Rates of Waitlist Removal Due to Clinical Deterioration.

Background: Changes in the epidemiology of end-stage liver disease may lead to increased risk of dropout from the liver transplant waitlist. Anticipating the future of liver transplant waitlist characteristics is vital when considering organ allocation policy.

Methods: We performed a discrete event simulation to forecast patient characteristics and rate of waitlist dropout.

Changes in cigarette smoking initiation, cessation, and relapse among U.S. adults: a comparison of two longitudinal samples.

Background: The tobacco epidemic in the U.S. has matured in the past decade.