Sleep dysfunction and gut dysbiosis related amino acids metabolism disorders in cynomolgus monkeys after middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Introduction: This study aimed to explore the characteristics of post-stroke sleep dysfunction and verify their association with gut dysbiosis and the related amino acid metabolism disorders. This was achieved by using fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in a non-human primate stroke model.

Methods: Twenty adult male cynomolgus monkeys were divided into the sham (n = 4), middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO, n = 5), MCAO + FMT (n = 3), and donor (n = 8) groups.

Changes in brain structure and function during early aging in patients with chronic low back pain.

Objective: To explore the structural and functional changes in cognition-related brain regions in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) at earlier ages, and explore the impact of the interaction between CLBP and age on the brain.

Methods: Seventy-six patients with CLBP were recruited and divided into "younger" age group (20-29 years, YA), "middle" age group (30-39 years, MA), and "older" age group (40-49 years, OA). All patients underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as well as clinical psychological and pain-related symptoms assessments.

Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Alleviates Secondary Brain Damage and Improves Working Memory After Stroke in Cynomolgus Monkeys.

Background: Remote secondary neurodegeneration is associated with poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) improves PSCI clinically. However, whether it ameliorates PSCI by alleviating secondary neurodegeneration remains uncertain.

Risk Factors and Prognostic Implications of New-Onset Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Hospitalized with Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Objective: We aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of new-onset paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) in patients hospitalized with ICH and determine whether the new-onset PAF had influenced functional outcomes.

Methods: We analyzed a database of all consecutive patients with ICH from October 2013 to May 2022. Univariate and multivariable regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for new-onset PAF in patients with ICH.

Altered excitability of motor neuron pathways after stroke: more than upper motor neuron impairments.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that impairment occurs in the lower motor neuron (LMN) pathway after stroke, but more research remains to be supported.

Objective: In this study, we tested the hypotheses: (1) both motor cortex and peripheral nerve pathways have decreased excitability and structural damage after stroke; (2) parameters of transcranial magnetic stimulation motor evoked potentials (TMS-MEP) can be used as predictors of motor function and stroke prognosis.

Methods: We studied five male cynomolgus monkeys with ischaemic stroke.

Population-Average Brain Templates and Application to Automated Voxel-Wise Analysis Pipelines for Cynomolgus Macaque.

The growing number of neuroimaging studies of cynomolgus macaques require extending existing templates to facilitate species-specific application of voxel-wise neuroimaging methodologies. This study aimed to create population-averaged structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) templates for the cynomolgus macaques and apply the templates in fully automated voxel-wise analyses. We presented the development of symmetric and asymmetric MRI and DTI templates from a sample of 63 young male cynomolgus monkeys with the use of optimized template creation approaches.

Is Cerebral Amyloid-β Deposition Related to Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment?

Approximately two-thirds of ischemic stroke patients suffer from different levels of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), but the underlying mechanisms of PSCI remain unclear. Cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, has been discovered in the brains of stroke patients in some autopsy studies. However, less is known about the role of Aβ pathology in the development of PSCI.

Sandwiching Sulfur into the Dents Between N, O Co-Doped Graphene Layered Blocks with Strong Physicochemical Confinements for Stable and High-Rate Li-S Batteries.

The development of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) is restricted by their poor cycle stability and rate performance due to the low conductivity of sulfur and severe shuttle effect. Herein, an N, O co-doped graphene layered block (NOGB) with many dents on the graphene sheets is designed as effective sulfur host for high-performance LSBs. The sulfur platelets are physically confined into the dents and closely contacted with the graphene scaffold, ensuring structural stability and high conductivity.

Aspirin Therapy in Cardiovascular Disease with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency, Safe or Not?

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human enzyme defect, which may present as acute hemolysis, neonatal jaundice, or chronic hemolysis. Ingestion of fava beans, as well as infection and certain drugs, are the most typical causes of acute hemolysis in people with G6PD deficiency. Aspirin, the cornerstone in current therapies for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), is occasionally reported to induce acute hemolysis in G6PD-deficient individuals.

Graphene Quantum Dot Reinforced Electrospun Carbon Nanofiber Fabrics with High Surface Area for Ultrahigh Rate Supercapacitors.

High surface area, good conductivity, and high mechanical strength are important for carbon nanofiber fabrics (CNFs) as high-performance supercapacitor electrodes. However, it remains a big challenge because of the trade-off between the strong and continuous conductive network and a well-developed porous structure. Herein, we report a simple strategy to integrate these properties into the electrospun CNFs by adding graphene quantum dots (GQDs).

Persistence of Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Chronic Systemic Inflammation After Cerebral Infarction in Cynomolgus Monkeys.

The bidirectional interaction between the gut and brain after stroke through the immune-mediated pathway has been studied. However, the long-term effects of gut microbiota and systemic immune homeostasis after cerebral ischemia remain unclear. We examined long-term changes in the gut microbiota and systemic inflammatory cytokines after cerebral infarction in cynomolgus monkeys.

Advanced Li-Ion Batteries with High Rate, Stability, and Mass Loading Based on Graphene Ribbon Hybrid Networks.

To optimize the cycle life and rate performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), ultra-fine Fe O nanowires with a diameter of approximately 2 nm uniformly anchored on a cross-linked graphene ribbon network are fabricated. The unique three-dimensional structure can effectively improve the electrical conductivity and facilitate ion diffusion, especially cross-plane diffusion. Moreover, Fe O nanowires on graphene ribbons (Fe O /GR) are easily accessible for lithium ions compared with the traditional graphene sheets (Fe O /GS).