Transient HR enhancement by RAD51-stimulatory compound confers protection on intestinal rather than hematopoietic tissue against irradiation in mice.

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are cytotoxic lesions that compromise genomic integrity and trigger cell death. Homologous recombination (HR) is a major pathway for repairing DSBs in cycling cells. However, it remains unclear whether transient modulation of HR could confer protection to adult stem cells against lethal irradiation exposure.

CDK14 is regulated by IGF2BP2 and involved in osteogenic differentiation via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in vitro.

Aims: Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) family proteins involve in various cellular processes via regulating the cell cycle; however, their expression during osteogenic differentiation and postmenopausal osteoporosis remains poorly understood.

Main Methods: Using bioinformatics, we screened for CDK14 bound to Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) and explored its expression in vitro with time-gradient model and in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis, building on prior research. Subsequently, we investigated its effect on osteoblast proliferation, cell cycle dynamics, and osteogenic differentiation by administering CDK14 siRNA and the covalent inhibitor FMF-04-159-2.

Trafficking and effect of released DNA on cGAS-STING signaling pathway and cardiovascular disease.

Evidence from clinical research and animal studies indicates that inflammation is an important factor in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Emerging evidence shows that nucleic acids serve as crucial pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or non-infectious damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), are released and then recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which activates immunological signaling pathways for host defense. Mechanistically, the released nucleic acids activate cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and its downstream receptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING) to promote type I interferons (IFNs) production, which play an important regulatory function during the initiation of an innate immune response to various diseases, including CVD.

Actin polymerization inhibition by targeting ARPC2 affects intestinal stem cell homeostasis.

Background: The rapid turnover of the intestinal epithelium is driven by the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). The dynamics of the F-actin cytoskeleton are critical for maintaining intercellular force and the signal transduction network. However, it remains unclear how direct interference with actin polymerization impacts ISC homeostasis.

Risk Factors in Patients with Low Back Pain Under 40 Years Old: Quantitative Analysis Based on Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging mDIXON-Quant.

Purpose: While low back pain (LBP) constitutes a global life disorder cause, the contribution of paraspinal muscles to its pathogenicity remains elusive. We characterized the paraspinal muscles of patients with LBP using lumbar three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) mDIXON-Quant, and evaluated the risk factors combined with clinical data.

Methods: A retrospective study involving 181 patients (10-40 years) who underwent lumbar 3D-CT and MRI mDIXON from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022, and divided into normal, non-chronic LBP [non-CLBP], and CLBP groups.

Long non-coding RNAs in osteoporosis: from mechanisms of action to therapeutic potential.

Osteoporosis is a clinical disease characterized by decreased bone density due to a disrupted balance between bone formation and resorption, which increases fracture risk and negatively affects the quality of life of a patient. LncRNAs are RNA molecules over 200 nucleotides in length with non-coding potential. Many studies have demonstrated that numerous biological processes involved in bone metabolism are affected.

Ginsenoside Compound K Ameliorates Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting the Chondrocyte Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated IRE1α-TXNIP-NLRP3 Axis and Pyroptosis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease, and studies have reported that the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in chondrocytes caused by the cartilage tissue damage could mediate the activation of Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes through inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α) and thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP). Ginsenoside compound K (CK) has an inhibitory effect on IRE1α activation. However, the role of IRE1α-TXNIP and its interaction with CK are still unclear.

IGF2BP2, an RNA-binding protein regulates cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation by stabilizing SRF mRNA.

Osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic differentiation (OGD) are regulated by complex mechanisms. The roles in cell proliferation and OGD of RNA-binding proteins in the insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein (IGF2BP) family remain unclear. To elucidate this, we examined the differential expression of IGF2BP2 in OGD and osteoporosis, and the expression profile of IGF2BP2-binding RNA in vitro.

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the lateral thigh with KRAS/NF1 co-mutation recurred after repetitive surgical resection: A case report and review of the literature.

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), a rare soft tissue sarcoma subtype, mainly occurs in the deep parts of the limbs and trunk, observed as rapidly growing painless lumps, rarely located under the skin or protrudes from the skin surface. The risk of recurrence and metastasis is associated with multiple factors. Mutation of tumor gene, tumor occurrence, location and depth of invasion, and tumor size have great influence on prognosis.

Differentiation of Thyroid Nodules (C-TIRADS 4) by Combining Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Diagnosis Model With Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System.

Objectives: To establish a contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) diagnostic schedule by CEUS analysis of thyroid nodules of C-TIRADS 4. To establish a CEUS-TIRADS diagnostic model to differentiate thyroid nodules (C-TIRADS 4) by combining CEUS with Chinese thyroid imaging reporting and data system (C-TIRADS).

Methods: A total of 228 thyroid nodules (C-TIRADS 4) were estimated by CEUS.

UHRF1 associated with osteogenic differentiation of MSCs contributes to osteosarcoma progression and has clinical prognostic impact in osteosarcoma.

Ubiquitin-like with plant homeodomain and ring finger domains 1 (UHRF1) can mediate DNA methylation and histone modifications in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, stem cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. Here, we analyzed the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) in osteogenesis differentiation of MSCs and osteosarcoma. We identified UHRF1 as the co-DEmRNA to regulate the osteogenesis differentiation of MSCs and osteosarcoma.

Mesenchymal stem cell-seeded porous tantalum-based biomaterial: A promising choice for promoting bone regeneration.

Porous tantalum-based biomaterial is a novel tissue engineering material widely used in repairing bone defects due to its corrosion resistance, low elastic modulus, high friction coefficient, and excellent biocompatibility. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), a type of pluripotent stem cell, can travel from their original ecological niche to bone injury sites, where they differentiate into osteoblasts and osteocytes. Multiple factors regulate the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of BMSCs.

Involvement of the long noncoding RNA H19 in osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration.

Osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration are complex processes involving multiple genes and multiple steps. In this review, we summarize the effects of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 on osteogenic differentiation.Osteogenic differentiation includes matrix secretion and calcium mineralization as hallmarks of osteoblast differentiation and the absorption of calcium and phosphorus as hallmarks of osteoclast differentiation.